The purpose of this study was to compare the energy expenditure during. positive and negative grade running. This comparison ,.,as expressed as a ratio utilizing net percent difference from the horizontal for both downgrade andupgrade values (m1/kg-min). A group of ten highly conditioned runners was tested on three separate treadmill runs utilizing a +6% grade, 0% grade, and a –6% grade. All runs were of a seven minute duration at an average speed of 200 m/min. Variables measured were heart rate, oxygen consumption, leg length, stride length, and step frequency. It was found that the fractional utilization of the aerobic capacity varied from44% (-6% grade) to 78% (+6% grade). Energy requirements increased 40% (+6% grade) and decreased 27% (-6% grade) from horizontal values. The resultant positive:negative work ratio was 1.92:1. Correlations among -variables fluctuated from slight to moderate with the most significant being a high positive correlation between energy expenditure and step frequency.

There is no abstract available for this thesis.

There is no abstract available for this thesis.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1964. / eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Bibliography: l. 121-123.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1961. / Typescript. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaves [99]-108).

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1961. / Typescript. Title from title screen (viewed Sept. 30, 2009). Includes bibliographical references (p. [99]-108).

Thesis supervisors: Jasbir S. Arora, Karim Abdel-Malik. Includes bibliographic references (p. 216-221).

Thesis (M.S.)--Wisconsin State University (La Crosse), 1967. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves [61]-64).

Thesis (M.F.E.)--University of Alaska Fairbanks, 2006. / "May 2006."

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Virginia Commonwealth University, 2008. / Prepared for: Dept. of Physical Therapy. Bibliography: leaves 77-83. Also available online via the Internet.