Background. People who have periods of low family income are at risk for increased health problems in the future, even if they present a similar clinical picture before the reduction in family income. The association between low income and health status was studied in residents of an area with relatively low-average family income and with a historically unstable economy. Methods. We surveyed a stratified, clustered sample of residents of Johnson County, Tennessee, using a structured interview. The responses were analyzed in conjunction with national and regional data (National Health Interview Survey). Results. Residents of the geographic area under study had a markedly higher prevalence of self-reported health problems than either the national average or rural areas in the southeast United States. The higher prevalence was accounted for by the combination of age and family income, which had equal effects on health status, but not by age differences alone. Conclusions. Family income and economic development are critically important to improving community health. Sensible capitation rates in managed care arrangements can be obtained only if the income distribution of an insured population is considered along with their age, sex, and physical health status.

Type 2 Diabetes affects approximately 30 million people across the Unites States. This chronic disease has significant effects on quality of life, and financial burden for patients and the healthcare system. Pharmacist intervention in addition to standard care for patients with Type 2 Diabetes has shown improved outcomes for patients; an essential aspect of these interventions is the completion of comprehensive care. Our objective is to identify the common missing components of comprehensive care to allow for development of targeted interventions and resources at the Rural Health Services Consortium. These findings may be implemented to improve the care of patients with diabetes in this clinic and others in similar clinics across the Appalachian region. Patients with Type 2 Diabetes who received their diabetes care at the Rural Health Consortium clinic in Rogersville, Tennessee were retrospectively evaluated for missing evidence-based interventions that could improve their health and quality of life, such as dental care, vaccinations, yearly diabetic foot exams, and eye exams. Completion of comprehensive care was calculated for patients enrolled in the site’s Diabetes Care Program for the year prior to their enrollment via retrospective chart review. A total of 28 patients were evaluated in this study from the Diabetes Care Program, a pharmacist-led diabetes care initiative designed to augment standard care, with the eventual goal of comparing this data to the year of enrollment in the program. IRB approval has been granted for this study. Preliminary results indicate consistent completion of evidence-based laboratory measurements, including lipid panels and hemoglobin A1C, and the initiation of appropriate medication therapy, such as ACE/ARBs, statins, Aspirin, and diabetic medications. However, age-appropriate and disease-specific vaccinations were less likely to be completed, and there was a lack of documentation for other critical health services, most notably dental care. This data will be implemented in future quality improvement measures for diabetic patients at the Rural Health Consortium and may serve as a model for other rural healthcare providers who serve diabetic patients.

No description available.

Thesis (M.A. (Nursing Science)) --University of Limpopo, 2018 / Introduction and background The shortage of human resources in rural areas remains a crisis, especially in subSaharan Africa, affecting rural primary health centres. The purpose of this study was to identify and describe factors influencing the retention of health care workers in rural clinics, in order to develop strategies to improve retention in rural clinics. Methodology A quantitative research method and descriptive design was used in this study. The population was professional nurses and operational managers in rural clinics. Simple random sampling was used to select the clinics, the professional nurses and operational managers. The sample size were 210 professional nurses and operational managers. Only 170 professional nurses and operational managers participated in the study. Data were collected using a questionnaire, and all ethical principles were adhered to. The data was analysed using SPSS version 22.0. Results The study revealed that there are complex interconnecting factors that affect retention. It was further revealed that age is the core factor affecting retention (P= 0.001) with 19 (100%) of those aged < 30 years intending to leave rural practice. Furthermore, more than half of the respondents 118 (87.06%) were dissatisfied with the salary they earned. Only 1 (0.6%) of the respondents had a masters’ degree. Conclusion It is therefore concluded that both financial and non-financial incentives such as education, improving working conditions and relationship with colleagues needs to be incorporated in order to improve nurse retention. Key words: Retention, migration, rural health care workers, job satisfaction

Thesis (M.S.P.H.)--University of Michigan, 1937.

Thesis (M.S.P.H.)--University of Michigan, 1939.

Thesis (M.S.P.H.)--University of Michigan, 1934.

Thesis (M.S.P.H.)--University of Michigan, 1931.

Thesis equivalent (M.P.H.)--University of Michigan, 1948.

Thesis (M.S.P.H.)--University of Michigan, 1937.