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付記する学位プログラム名: 京都大学卓越大学院プログラム「先端光・電子デバイス創成学」 / 京都大学 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(理学) / 甲第24123号 / 理博第4851号 / 新制||理||1694(附属図書館) / 京都大学大学院理学研究科物理学・宇宙物理学専攻 / (主査)教授 高橋 義朗, 教授 石田 憲二, 教授 田中 耕一郎 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Science / Kyoto University / DFAM

Experimental and theoretical progress has been made toward the production and manipulation of novel atomic and molecular states. The design, construction and characterization of a driver for an acousto-optic modulator is presented which achieves a maximum diffraction efficiency of 54 % at 200 MHz, using a commercial modulator. A novel design is presented for a highly sensitive optical spectrum analyzer for displaying laser mode structure in real time. Utilizing programmable microcontrollers to read data from a CMOS image sensor illuminated by the diffraction pattern from a Fabry-Perot interferometer, this device can operate with beam powers as low as 3.3 micro-watts, at a fraction of the cost of equivalent products. Computational results are presented analyzing the behaviour of a model quantum system in the vicinity of an avoided crossing. The results are compared with calculations based on the Landau-Zener formula, with discussion of its limitations. Further computational work is focused on simulating expected conditions in the implementation of the STIRAP technique for coherent control of atoms and molecules in the beam experiment. The work presented provides tools to further the aim of producing large, mono-energetic populations of heavy Rydberg systems. / Thesis (Master, Physics, Engineering Physics and Astronomy) -- Queen's University, 2007-10-03 17:17:56.841

We investigate two different coupling schemes between a nano-scale mechanical resonator and one-electron atoms. In these schemes, classical electromagnetic radiation mediates a mutual communication between the mechanical resonator and the atoms. In the process it generates atomic coherences, quantum superpositions of excited electronic levels of the atoms. An atomic coherence is highly responsive to subtle variations in the relative frequencies of the levels participating in such superposition state. By exposing the atoms to electromagnetic radiation modulated by the motion of the mechanical resonator, we show how the response of an atomic coherence can, under appropriate conditions, be used to affect on demand the dynamical state of the mechanical resonator. The first scheme realizes a long range interface between a mechanical resonator and an ensemble of three-level atoms. Here, mechanically modulated electromagnetic radiation comes from a laser beam reflected off an oscillating mirror, the mechanical resonator. This light beam drives the transition between an excited level and a hyperfine sublevel of the atoms with a certain detuning. A weaker light beam resonantly couples to the transition between the excited level and another hyperfine sublevel. On full resonance, the atoms evolve into a stationary coherence of the above (non-absorbing) hyperfine sublevels only. The atoms then become transparent to the weaker light beam, in a phenomenon called electromagnetically induced transparency. Off resonance, we find that this transparency is modulated at the mirror frequency with some phase shift, which allows the weaker beam to cause resonant backaction onto the moving mirror. The strength of this backaction is enhanced near atomic resonances and its character can be switched between amplification or damping of mirror vibrations by adjusting the detuning. In contrast, the second scheme accomplishes a closer range interface between a torsion pendulum and guided two level Rydberg atoms. Attaching a point electric dipole to the torsion pendulum allows electromagnetic coupling to two Rydberg levels of a passing atom. This coupling modifies the eigenfrequencies of the Rydberg levels such that they become dependent on the phonon number of the torsion pendulum. Via Ramsey interferometry, we may readout this effect and thus measure the phonon number. We show that, by subjecting several atoms, one by one, to a Ramsey measurement, a quantum non-demolition detection of the phonon number is feasible. Likewise, we show coherent oscillator displacements possible, by driving the atoms with external fields while they interact with the torsion pendulum. We propose a protocol to reconstruct the quantum state of motion of the torsion pendulum, combining these two techniques, Ramsey measurements and oscillator displacements. Our interfaces between a mechanical resonator and atoms provide alternative routes for the control of the state of motion, ultimately quantum mechanical, of a mechanical resonator, in which the latter is not restricted to be part of a cavity. We will thus ease quantum dynamical manipulations of mechanical resonators of sub micron scales, for which an efficient design of cavity opto- and electro-mechanical systems is hard.