<p>Today’s electrical transmission & distribution systems, are facing a number of challenges related to changing environmental, technical and business factors. Among these factors are, increased environmental restrictions leading to higher share of production from renewable and uncontrollable sources as well as local environmental concerns regarding construction of new transmission and distribution lines. The re-regulation of the electricity market has created a dynamic environment in which multiple organizations have to coordinate and cooperate in the operation and control of the power system. Finally, the high rate of devel-opment within the ICT field is creating many new opportunities for power system opera-tion and control, thanks to introduction of new technologies for measurement, communi-cation and automation.</p><p>As a result of these factors, Wide Area Monitoring and Control (WAMC) systems have been proposed. WAMC systems utilize new ICT based technologies to offer more accurate and timely data on the state of the power system. WAMC systems utilize Phasor Measure-ment Units (PMUs) that have higher data rates and are time synchronised using, GPS satel-lites. This allows synchronized observation of the dynamics of the power system, making it possible to manage the system at a more efficient and responsive level and apply wide area control and protection schemes. The success WAMC systems, on the other hand, are largely dependent on the performance of the Information and Communication Technology (ICT) infrastructure that would support them.</p><p>This thesis investigates the requirements on, and suitability of the ICT systems that support WAMC systems. This was done by identifying WAMC applications and the elicitation of their requirements. Furthermore, a set of simulation projects were carried out to determine the communication system characteristics such as delay and the impact of this delay on the WAMC system.</p><p>This thesis has several contributions. First, it provides summary and analysis of WAMC application priorities and requirements in the Nordic region. Secondly it provides simula-tion based comparison and evaluation of communication paradigms for WAMC systems. The research documented in this thesis addresses these paradigms by providing a compari-son and evaluation through simulation. Thirdly, the thesis provides insight to the possible sources of delay in WAMC architecture and the impact of these delays on data quality specifically data incompleteness. This provides insight on what applications are important to practitioners and what is the expected performance of these applications, as seen from the power system control and operation point of view.</p>

The strain on modern electrical power systems has led to an ever-increasing utilization of new information and communication technologies (ICT) to improve their efficiency and reliability. Wide area monitoring and control (WAMC) systems offer many opportunities to improve the real-time situational awareness in the power system. These systems are essen-tially SCADA systems but with continuous streaming of measurement data from the power system. The quality of WAMC systems and the applications running on top of them are heavily, but not exclusively, dependent on the underlying non-functional quality of the ICT systems. From an ICT perspective, the real-time nature of WAMC systems makes them susceptible to variations in the quality of the supporting ICT systems. The non-functional qualities studied as part of this research are performance, interoperability and cyber security. To analyze the performance of WAMC ICT systems, WAMC applications were identified, and their requirements were elicited. Furthermore, simulation models capturing typical utility communication infrastructure architectures were implemented. The simulation studies were carried out to identify and characterize the latency in these systems and its impact on data quality in terms of the data loss. While performance is a major and desirable quality, other non-functional qualities such as interoperability and cyber security have a significant impact on the usefulness of the sys-tem. To analyze these non-functional qualities, an enterprise architecture (EA) based framework for the modeling and analysis of interoperability and cyber security, specialized for WAMC systems, is proposed. The framework also captures the impact of cyber security on the interoperability of WAMC systems. Finally, a prototype WAMC system was imple-mented to allow the validation of the proposed EA based framework. The prototype is based on existing and adopted open-source frameworks and libraries. The research described in this thesis makes several contributions. The work is a systematic approach for the analysis of the non-functional quality of WAMC ICT systems as a basis for establishing the suitability of ICT system architectures to support WAMC applications. This analysis is accomplished by first analyzing the impact of communication architectures for WAMC systems on the latency. Second, the impact of these latencies on the data quali-ty, specifically data currency (end to end delay of the phasor measurements) and data in-completeness (i.e., the percentage of phasor measurements lost in the communication), is analyzed. The research also provides a framework for interoperability and cyber security analysis based on a probabilistic Monte Carlo enterprise architecture method. Additionally, the framework captures the possible impact of cyber security on the interoperability of WAMC data flows. A final result of the research is a test bed where WAMC applications can be deployed and ICT architectures tested in a controlled but realistic environment. / <p>QC 20130218</p>

Submitted by Irene Nascimento (irene.kessia@ufpe.br) on 2017-01-30T18:03:51Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 1232 bytes, checksum: 66e71c371cc565284e70f40736c94386 (MD5) Dissertação - Elias Marques V4.2 (Revisão Biblioteca).pdf: 4899848 bytes, checksum: 78834b022de3c1d5eb7fcee1273f65c7 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-01-30T18:03:51Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 1232 bytes, checksum: 66e71c371cc565284e70f40736c94386 (MD5) Dissertação - Elias Marques V4.2 (Revisão Biblioteca).pdf: 4899848 bytes, checksum: 78834b022de3c1d5eb7fcee1273f65c7 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-02-22 / FACEPE / Este trabalho de dissertação apresenta a concepção e implantação de um sistema controlador de arranjo de antenas capaz de integrar-se a uma rede de comunicação SCADA e direcionar o diagrama de radiação de um arranjo de antenas, garantindo melhor comunicação entre estação base e remota. É apresentado um circuito de RF capaz de realizar o controle automático das fases de alimentação de um arranjo de antenas composto por diversos dispositivos de RF, incluindo um defasador de 8 bits. São apresentados testes destes dispositivos bem como a caracterização de ramos constituídos por estes componentes. Desenvolveu-se também um circuito controlador de arranjo de antenas que desempenha funções de identificação de endereços e determina as fases a serem utilizadas no controle dos defasadores. O circuito foi testado em um projeto piloto no campus da UFPE e está instalado na subestação da CELPE na cidade de Gravatá, no interior do estado de Pernambuco. / This dissertation presents the design and implementation of a Antenna Array Controller System capable of integrating into a SCADA network and directing the main radiation lobe, granting best communication between base and remote stations. An RF circuit is presented capable of automatically controlling the phases fed to the antenna array composed by several RF devices, including an 8-bit phase shifter. Tests of the devices and the characterization of braches composed by them are shown. In addition, an antenna array controller has been developed to perform functions that include the identification of an address and the determination of the phase to be used in the phase shifters’ control. The circuit was tested in a pilot project at the UFPE campus and is installed at a CELPE substation in the city of Gravatá.

This diploma thesis explains the principle of SCADA systems and describes the DLMS/COSEM protocol. In the next part, it shortly describes the Modbus protocol and details the pros and cons of the Modbus protocol in comparison with the DLMS/COSEM protocol. In the next part, an open-source automated scanner was created. This scanner detects devices in a laboratory network. As the next step, the automated scanner finds out open ports and active services, which run on these devices, and tries to attack HTTP, SSH, and Telnet services. Next, the program checks, whether the found device is a smart-meter device and if it is compatible with DLMS/COSEM protocol. If yes, it checks, if the service is vulnerable to DOS attack and breaker disconnection. Scanner’s findings are presented in a newly created web application. NMAP, Masscan, and Metasploit open-source programs are used in the automated scanner. The whole automated scanner is optimized for the HW device Raspberry Pi with the operating system Raspbian Buster Lite installed. This work also describes the testing of the scanner on the laboratory environment and the results are evaluated afterwards.

Today’s electrical transmission &amp; distribution systems, are facing a number of challenges related to changing environmental, technical and business factors. Among these factors are, increased environmental restrictions leading to higher share of production from renewable and uncontrollable sources as well as local environmental concerns regarding construction of new transmission and distribution lines. The re-regulation of the electricity market has created a dynamic environment in which multiple organizations have to coordinate and cooperate in the operation and control of the power system. Finally, the high rate of devel-opment within the ICT field is creating many new opportunities for power system opera-tion and control, thanks to introduction of new technologies for measurement, communi-cation and automation. As a result of these factors, Wide Area Monitoring and Control (WAMC) systems have been proposed. WAMC systems utilize new ICT based technologies to offer more accurate and timely data on the state of the power system. WAMC systems utilize Phasor Measure-ment Units (PMUs) that have higher data rates and are time synchronised using, GPS satel-lites. This allows synchronized observation of the dynamics of the power system, making it possible to manage the system at a more efficient and responsive level and apply wide area control and protection schemes. The success WAMC systems, on the other hand, are largely dependent on the performance of the Information and Communication Technology (ICT) infrastructure that would support them. This thesis investigates the requirements on, and suitability of the ICT systems that support WAMC systems. This was done by identifying WAMC applications and the elicitation of their requirements. Furthermore, a set of simulation projects were carried out to determine the communication system characteristics such as delay and the impact of this delay on the WAMC system. This thesis has several contributions. First, it provides summary and analysis of WAMC application priorities and requirements in the Nordic region. Secondly it provides simula-tion based comparison and evaluation of communication paradigms for WAMC systems. The research documented in this thesis addresses these paradigms by providing a compari-son and evaluation through simulation. Thirdly, the thesis provides insight to the possible sources of delay in WAMC architecture and the impact of these delays on data quality specifically data incompleteness. This provides insight on what applications are important to practitioners and what is the expected performance of these applications, as seen from the power system control and operation point of view.

Muitos são os motivos para a realização de pesquisas que envolvam o setor de saneamento básico no Brasil, entre estes motivos estão algumas características muito peculiares relacionadas a este setor, características que vão desde a sua concepção e a sua forma de organização até sua susceptibilidade à externalidades como influências naturais, políticas e sociais. Este trabalho oferece uma visão prática sobre a aplicação de tecnologias de automação em sistemas de saneamento e tem como objetivo expor um conjunto de soluções voltadas à automação de sistemas de abastecimento hídrico. Os sistemas automatizados caracterizam-se principalmente pela necessidade de aquisição e envio de informações de um ou mais centros de controle operacionais a estações remotas situadas nas mais diversas localizações como: centros densamente urbanizados, áreas não urbanas, locais de acesso restrito, áreas costeiras, áreas portuárias, localidades subterrâneas e localidades de topografia elevada. Esta diversidade de características demanda um conjunto de soluções de automação, supervisão e gerenciamento de informações para o controle e a gestão do sistema de abastecimento de forma integrada e eficiente. Neste trabalho são descritas algumas destas soluções, aqui denominadas referenciais de análise, com o objetivo de delinear um modelo de automação para sistemas de abastecimento hídrico que possa oferecer subsídios para o desenvolvimento destes sistemas em regiões que ainda não os possuam plenamente automatizados. / Many are the reasons to carry out researches whom involves the sector of basic sanitation in Brazil, among these reasons are some very peculiar characteristics related to this section, characteristics that goes from its conception and organization to its susceptibility to the to external factors as natural, politics and social influences. This work offers a practical vision about the application of automation technologies in systems of sanitation and has as objective to expose a group of solutions oriented to the automation of hydric supply systems. That automated systems are characterized mainly by the necessity of acquisition and information sending of one or more operational control centers to remote stations located in the most several locations as: densely urbanized centers, non urban areas, restricted access places, coastal areas, port areas, underground places and high topography places. This diversity of characteristics demands a group of automation, supervision and administration of information solutions to the control and the administration of the supply system in an integrated and efficient way. In this work some of these solutions are described, here denominated analysis referentials, with the objective of delineating an automation model for hydric supply systems that could offer subsidies for the development of these systems in areas that still don\'t possess them fully automated.

Muitos são os motivos para a realização de pesquisas que envolvam o setor de saneamento básico no Brasil, entre estes motivos estão algumas características muito peculiares relacionadas a este setor, características que vão desde a sua concepção e a sua forma de organização até sua susceptibilidade à externalidades como influências naturais, políticas e sociais. Este trabalho oferece uma visão prática sobre a aplicação de tecnologias de automação em sistemas de saneamento e tem como objetivo expor um conjunto de soluções voltadas à automação de sistemas de abastecimento hídrico. Os sistemas automatizados caracterizam-se principalmente pela necessidade de aquisição e envio de informações de um ou mais centros de controle operacionais a estações remotas situadas nas mais diversas localizações como: centros densamente urbanizados, áreas não urbanas, locais de acesso restrito, áreas costeiras, áreas portuárias, localidades subterrâneas e localidades de topografia elevada. Esta diversidade de características demanda um conjunto de soluções de automação, supervisão e gerenciamento de informações para o controle e a gestão do sistema de abastecimento de forma integrada e eficiente. Neste trabalho são descritas algumas destas soluções, aqui denominadas referenciais de análise, com o objetivo de delinear um modelo de automação para sistemas de abastecimento hídrico que possa oferecer subsídios para o desenvolvimento destes sistemas em regiões que ainda não os possuam plenamente automatizados. / Many are the reasons to carry out researches whom involves the sector of basic sanitation in Brazil, among these reasons are some very peculiar characteristics related to this section, characteristics that goes from its conception and organization to its susceptibility to the to external factors as natural, politics and social influences. This work offers a practical vision about the application of automation technologies in systems of sanitation and has as objective to expose a group of solutions oriented to the automation of hydric supply systems. That automated systems are characterized mainly by the necessity of acquisition and information sending of one or more operational control centers to remote stations located in the most several locations as: densely urbanized centers, non urban areas, restricted access places, coastal areas, port areas, underground places and high topography places. This diversity of characteristics demands a group of automation, supervision and administration of information solutions to the control and the administration of the supply system in an integrated and efficient way. In this work some of these solutions are described, here denominated analysis referentials, with the objective of delineating an automation model for hydric supply systems that could offer subsidies for the development of these systems in areas that still don\'t possess them fully automated.

The thesis explores the problematics of cyber environment for the ICS/SCADA systems. First, shorter section is mainly focused on general introduction into the ICS/SCADA systems and their inner workings. Communication model of a general SCADA system and its foundational elements are explained. It is mainly theoretical passage and it serves as an introduction. It is necessary for understanding the second part which is mainly practical. The appropriate system is chosen as a first thing in the practical part of the thesis for the implementation of the whole project. There are defined criteria on which the system itself is implemented. Following that the system itself is implemented under a framework called openMUC and it is tested with help of the simulators according to the objective of the thesis.

This diploma thesis describes design of interconnections and program modules for robotic cell control for parts creation. Research of this work is focused on industrial comunication protocols. The next part analyzes separate parts of the cell and their ways of connection. Futhermore, control structures of the cell are proposed and after comparison of them SCADA system structure was chosen. Project of connecting separate devices is done in Wonderware Systém Platform. The next step describes procedure of interconection of parts of the cell with each other. Then was designed visualization to operate robotic cell and to illustrate its state. Whole visualization was created using Wonderware InTouch program. In conclusion thesis is reviewed.

Cílem této magisterské práce je navrhnout a implementovat IDE (integrované vývojové prostředí), které zvýší efektivitu a bezpečnost vývoje pro SIMATIC WinCC Open Architecture. Tato práce je založena na výzkumu provedeném týmem z Technické univerzity v Eindhovenu a splňuje požadavky pocházející ze SCD sekce v CERN (Evropské organizace pro jaderný výzkum). Vyvinuté IDE je postaveno na platformě Eclipse, přičemž pro syntaktickou analýzu, linkování a sémantickou analýzu kódu používá Xtext framework. IDE nabízí také podporu pro nově vytvořený programovací jazyk, který umožňuje programátorům jednoduše nadefinovat šablonu pro konfigurační soubory používané WinCC OA. Interpret tohoto nového jazyka je schopen provést syntaktickou analýzu šablony a konfiguračního souboru a rozhodnout, zdali konfigurační soubor odpovídá šabloně. Praktickým výstupem této práce je integrované vývojové prostředí, které podporuje vývoj WinCC OA aplikací v CERN a periodicky provádí analýzu kódu těchto aplikací napsaného v jazyce Control script.