The course of pathogenic bacterial infection is dependent on the interactions between the host immune response and the bacterial virulence mechanisms. Our lab previously discovered that the Survival of Motor Neuron (SMN) protein complex undergoes a change in subcellular localization during infection with invasive Shigella bacteria, forming novel cytoplasmic aggregates called "U bodies". Similar results were obtained with other intracellular bacterial pathogens suggesting that these U bodies are a fundamental entity in microbial pathogenesis. Notably, the SMN complex normally plays a key role in the assembly of the spliceosomal U snRNA. We have shown during infection that there are changes in U snRNA maturation and splicing patterns. Importantly, we have found that U bodies are downstream of a stress pathway involving the stress-inducible ATF3 protein. Altogether, intracellular bacterial infection induces novel cellular stress pathways that disrupt normal SMN complex function and leads to changes in U snRNA associated functions.

The course of pathogenic bacterial infection is dependent on the interactions between the host immune response and the bacterial virulence mechanisms. Our lab previously discovered that the Survival of Motor Neuron (SMN) protein complex undergoes a change in subcellular localization during infection with invasive Shigella bacteria, forming novel cytoplasmic aggregates called "U bodies". Similar results were obtained with other intracellular bacterial pathogens suggesting that these U bodies are a fundamental entity in microbial pathogenesis. Notably, the SMN complex normally plays a key role in the assembly of the spliceosomal U snRNA. We have shown during infection that there are changes in U snRNA maturation and splicing patterns. Importantly, we have found that U bodies are downstream of a stress pathway involving the stress-inducible ATF3 protein. Altogether, intracellular bacterial infection induces novel cellular stress pathways that disrupt normal SMN complex function and leads to changes in U snRNA associated functions.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 2008. / The entire dissertation/thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file (which also appears in the research.pdf); a non-technical general description, or public abstract, appears in the public.pdf file. Vita. "May 2008" Includes bibliographical references.

The entire dissertation/thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file (which also appears in the research.pdf); a non-technical general description, or public abstract, appears in the public.pdf file. Title from PDF of title page (University of Missouri--Columbia, viewed on March 25, 2010). Vita. Thesis advisor: Christian Lorson. "July 2009" Includes bibliographical references.

No description available.

Les particules ribonucléoprotéiques (RNP) sont impliquées dans divers mécanismes cellulaires : les UsnRNP, la SRP, les RNP à boîtes C/D et H/ACA dans la modification des ARN et la maturation des ARN ribosomiques, et la télomérase dans le maintien des extrémités chromosomiques. L'assemblage de ces RNP est un processus complexe faisant intervenir de nombreux facteurs, dont le complexe SMN. Un déficit de l’une des protéines de ce complexe conduit à l’amyotrophie spinale. Il est essentiel à la survie cellulaire et est nécessaire à l’assemblage des UsnRNP et de la SRP. Il est suggèré que le complexe SMN joue un rôle dans la biogenèse des RNP à boîtes C/D et H/ACA. Nous avons montré des interactions in vitro et des associations in cellulo entre le complexe SMN et la protéine NUFIP (un facteur d’assemblage de ces RNP). Ces résultats suggèrent l’existence d’un lien fonctionnel entre le complexe SMN et NUFIP dans l'assemblage des RNP à boîtes C/D et H/ACA et de la snRNP U4. Des interactions in vitro entre le complexe SMN et la protéine NAF1 (un facteur d’assemblage des RNP à boîtes H/ACA) ont révélés, que le complexe SMN est capable de s’associer avec la RNP à boîtes H/ACA en formation. Si le complexe SMN intervient dans l’assemblage des RNP, on peut supposer que cet assemblage soit défectueux dans la SMA. Nous avons montré que certains ARN sont accumulés dans la moelle épinière et le cerveau de souris SMA. La télomérase est réactivée dans les cellules cancéreuses. En collaboration avec l’équipe de J-M Vignaud (CHU central, Nancy), nous avons montré une augmentation du taux des protéines cœur des RNP à boîtes H/ACA et de NUFIP dans les cellules tumorales / Ribonucleoprotein particles (RNPs) are involved in various cellular mechanisms in eukaryotic cells: UsnRNP, SRP, C/D and H/ACA box RNPs in RNA modifications and rRNA maturation and telomerase in the synthesis of the chromosome extremities. RNP assembly is a very complex process, which involves numerous factors. One of these factors is the SMN complex. Decreased level of one of its components leads to spinal muscular atrophy. It is essential for cell survival and necessary for UsnRNP and SRP assembly. It is suggested that the SMN complex plays a role in C/D and H/ACA RNP biogenesis. We showed in vitro interactions and in cellulo associations between the SMN complex and the protein NUFIP (an assembly factor of these RNP). These results suggest the existence of a functional link between the SMN complex and NUFIP in the assembly of the C/D and H/ACA box RNPs and the U4 snRNP. In vitro interactions between the SMN complex and the protein NAF1 (an assembly factor of the H/ACA boxes RNPs) revealed, that the SMN complex is capable of joining with the H/ACA boxes RNPs in formation. If the SMN complex intervenes in the RNPs assembly, we can suppose that this assembly is defective in the SMA. We showed that any ARN is accumulated in the spinal cord and the brain of SMA mouse. The telomerase is reactivated in cancer cells. In association with the team of J-M Vignaud (CHU central, Nancy), we showed an increase of H/ACA box RNP proteins and NUFIP in these cancer cells

Les particules ribonucléoprotéiques (RNP) à boîtes C/D et H/ACA sont impliquées dans la maturation des UsnRNA et des précurseurs des ARNr. L'assemblage de ces RNP dans les cellules est un processus complexe faisant intervenir de nombreux facteurs cellulaires dont NUFIP, commun aux deux RNP, et NAF1, spécifique aux RNP à boîtes H/ACA. Le complexe de Survie des Motoneurones (SMN) est essentiel à la survie cellulaire et est nécessaire à l'assemblage d'une autre RNP, les UsnRNP, composants des spliceosomes. Un déficit en protéine SMN conduit à une pathologie grave, l'amyotrophie spinale. Plusieurs études suggèrent que le complexe SMN puisse également jouer un rôle dans l'assemblage des RNP à boîtes C/D et H/ACA. Dans le but d'obtenir de plus amples informations, nous avons testé si des interactions existent entre les constituants du complexe SMN et i) les protéines associées aux RNP matures, ainsi que ii) les autres facteurs d'assemblage déjà connus. Ainsi, par une approche de double hybride chez la levure, nous avons observé des interactions fortes entre NAF1 et les protéines Gemin3 et Gemin8 du complexe SMN. Comme la protéine coeur GAR1 des RNP à boîte H/ACA interagit avec la protéine SMN, ces données suggèrent que le complexe SMN participe à l'échange de NAF1 par GAR1, qui est une étape clé de la biogenèse des RNP à boîtes H/ACA. De plus, nous avons mis en évidence des interactions entre Gemin3/NUFIP, Gemin4/NUFIP et Gemin6/NUFIP. L'étude de cette dernière interaction a été approfondie. Nous avons montré que l'interaction est directe, qu'elle existe dans les cellules de mammifères à la fois dans le cytoplasme et le noyau, et nous avons défini les domaines de chaque protéine nécessaires à l'interaction, en collaboration avec l'équipe d'E. Bertrand (IGM Montpellier). Ces résultats ouvrent de larges perspectives quant à un lien fonctionnel entre le complexe SMN et NUFIP dans l'assemblage des RNP à boîtes C/D et H/ACA, mais aussi dans l'assemblage de la snRNP U4 et dans le mécanisme de traduction localisée dans les cellules / Box C/D and H/ACA ribonucleoparticles (RNPs) are required for UsnRNA and ribosomal RNA maturation. Their assembly in cells is a complex process, which implicates numerous cellular factors, such as NUFIP, a common assembly factor, and NAF1, which is a specific factor for H/ACA box RNP assembly. The Survival of Motoneurons (SMN) complex is essential for cell survival and is required for the assembly of another class of RNPs, the UsnRNPs, which are essential components of the splicing machinery. Decreased levels of the SMN protein lead to a severe disease, the spinal muscular atrophy. Several studies led to the proposal that the SMN complex also plays a role in the assembly of box C/D and H/ACA RNPs. In order to obtain more information, we analyzed whether some interactions may exist between components of the SMN complex and i) core proteins of mature RNPs, or ii) factors already known to be involved in the assembly. Using a yeast two-hybrid approach, we observed strong interactions between NAF1 and the SMN complex components, Gemin3 and Gemin8. Since the core H/ACA protein GAR1 interacts with the SMN protein, our data suggest that the SMN complex participates to the exchange of NAF1 by GAR1, which is a crucial step of H/ACA box RNP biogenesis. Furthermore, we discovered strong interactions between Gemin3/NUFIP, Gemin4/NUFIP and Gemin6/NUFIP. Concerning the Gemin6/NUFIP interaction, we showed that is direct, that it exists in both compartments in mammalian cells and we defined domains of both proteins necessary for the interaction in collaboration with the E. Bertrand team (IGM Montpellier). These results open new perspectives concerning functional links between the SMN complex and NUFIP in box H/ACA and C/D RNP assembly, but also in U4 snRNP assembly and in the mechanism of localized translation