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Current industry practices promote therapeutic use of pulsatile stimulation plates to increase muscle mass, strengthen bone density, reduce stress, and improve overall athletic performance of horses. The first objective of this study was to investigate the effect of vibration stimulation on muscle thickness of the extensor carpi radialis, extensor digitorum longus, gluteus medius, longissimus lumborum, semitendinosus, supraspinatus, and longissimus thoracis, as well as circumference and cross-sectional area of the extensor carpi radialis and extensor digitorum longus. The second objective was to evaluate changes in nutrient foramen thickness, circumference, and area, as well as dorsal cortical thickness of the left third metacarpal in response to vibration stimulation exposure over 56 d. Increases in thickness of the topline muscles and improvement of nutrient foramen parameters of treatment horses give evidence to conclude that vibration stimulation may be a viable therapeutic treatment for stock-type horses on stall rest.

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Magnetic nerve stimulation is a non-invasive method of exciting a neural tissue which can be achieved by exposing the body to a transient magnetic field. This field is generated by passing a high current through a coil over a short period of time. By positioning this coil in a specific orientation over the targeted nerve, the time variation of the magnetic field will create an electric field in the conductive milieu of the body. Induced currents will result from that electric field. If those currents reach a certain amplitude within a specific time period this will cause a neural depolarization. This depolarization will enable us to test and examine the excited nerve which will provide us with the necessary data for an effective treatment. In my thesis I will analyse the benefits of magnetic nerve stimulation with the objective of designing a coil that provides a focussed magnetic field. This field will excite the targeted nerve with minimal or to no excitation to the surrounding nerves. This means that we can effectively apply or measure the excitation of the targeted nerve without involving the surrounding nerves. It is my intention to bring this application to a practical platform where a simple circuit with lower power requirements can be used. This will enable some patients requiring physiotherapy to safely administer magnetic nerve stimulation to themselves without the help of a therapist. / Thesis / Master of Engineering (ME)

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The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of multi-modal stimulation (differing amounts of light and vocal stimulation) on preterm infants' behavioral and state organization. Specifically, we looked at the effects that supplemental vocal stimulation (taped female voice) had when varied in amount of exposure (three times a day versus once a day) and when provided in different lighting conditions ("typical illumination" versus "decreased illumination"). Forty infants were placed in one of four groups: Standard Illumination/High Voice (SIHV), Standard Illumination /Low Voice (SILV), Decreased Illumination/High Voice (DIHV) and Decreased Illumination/Low Voice (DILV). Infants receiving standard illumination were exposed to the vocal stimulus in standard NICU lighting conditions (approximately 20 lux), whereas infants in the "low" lighting conditions were exposed to the stimulus in darkened conditions (approximately 3 lux). Infants receiving high vocal stimulation listened to a taped female voice three times a day, whereas infants receiving low vocal stimulation were exposed to the voice only once a day. Each infant received 10 minutes of exposure per session over five consecutive days. Infants were videotaped in their incubator for 10 minutes before, during, and after the stimulus exposure (total of 30 minutes) for each day. The videotapes were then scored on the infant's frequency of stress related behaviors and self-regulatory behaviors before, during, and after the stimulus for each day. Results indicated that both lighting levels and vocal stimulation altered preterm infants' stress and self-regulatory behaviors, and that these effects were dependent on both the day and the stimulus condition the infant was in. In addition, the vocal stimulation and lighting levels had an effect on the states that infants exhibited during and after the presentation of stimulation. These results suggest that the occurrence of different types and amounts of stimulation have an effect on behavioral organization of the preterm infant, and these effects are highly dependent on both history and context in which this stimulation is presented / Ph. D.

The purpose of this review of literature is for nurses to understand and utilize sensory stimuli and the impact it has on infant cognition. Emphasis will be placed on the usage of visual, auditory and tactile stimulation on the cognitive development of infants between the ages of O and 6 months based on Piaget's theory of sensorimotor cognition. Introductory passages will focus on the developing brairi from birth until 6 months of age when the peak of myelation occurs. Initiating sensory stimulus during this period of time can ultimately create a positive impact on the growing brain by utilizing the myelation peak. This review will also present possible clinical application for nurses to implement in inpatient hospital settings along with parental education on the possible methods to utilize the findings and implications of this research. Further findings have found that infants respond most effectively to the combination of various stimuli than with one stimulus alone. Utilizing the findings found within the literature may hopefully help provide the evidence needed to support the clinical practice of these results. This research will be conducted through medical and nursing databases with conceptual primary sources that will further expand upon the selected studies on this topic.