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Aleitamento Materno: Caracterização da situação e determinantes da sua duraçãoCordeiro, Ana Catarina de Oliveira Antunes 31 October 2008 (has links)
Mestrado em Saúde Pública / Master Degree Course in Public Health
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Perceived body image, obesity and food intake in 13-years old adolescentsLeite, Cristiana Daniela de Jesus Leça Santos Setas 07 February 2011 (has links)
Mestrado em Saúde Pública / Master Degree Course in Public Health
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Depression and cardiovascular disease: a pharmacoepidemiologic perspectiveFerreira, Germano Leonel Coelho 27 July 2007 (has links)
Mestrado em Saúde Pública / Master Degree Course in Public Health / Abstract
Depression and cardiovascular disease: a pharmacoepidemiologic perspective
by
Germano Leonel Coelho Ferreira
Supervisor: Professor Doutor Henrique de Barros
Serviço de Higiene e Epidemiologia
da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto.
Depressive disorder and cardiovascular disease comprise the two health conditions
with higher burden in public health. It is known that individuals suffering from
chronic illness are more likely to suffer psychological disturbances. In both cases
treatment relies mostly on pharmacological interventions. Neuro-physiological and
psychosocial links have been proposed to explain the interaction between depression
and cardiovascular conditions.
Our aim was to study the association between depression and cardiovascular disease
from a pharmacoepidemiologic perspective, namely the likelihood for the treatment of
depression to be associated with the treatment of cardiovascular disease, and the
factors affecting this association.
The study was comprised of two stages: a) a systematic review of available literature
on the association of antidepressant drugs use with cardiovascular therapy; b) a crosssectional
study where treatment with antidepressant drugs was considered the
outcome of interest, evaluating the effect of selected determinants including
concomitant use of cardiovascular treatment.
The systematic literature review consisted of a search on MEDLINE, EMBASE and
PsycINFO databases using pre-specified keywords. 4 publications were included in
the review out of 1008 citations initially retrieved. The published evidence reveals a
small number of studies and inconclusive results. Predominantly the authors suggest a
strong influence by factors, such as gender and intensity of contact with the healthcare
system.
A cross-sectional study was conducted based on self-reported information on drug
use, collected through interviews from a cohort of adults residents the city of Porto,
Portugal. The data about the drugs used regularly in the year previous to the interview
were then coded and classified according to the ATC classification system. Gender,
age, marital status, educational attainment, employment situation and medical history
were also collected. Of the 1852 individuals participating in the study, 1016
completed the Beck Depression Inventory and were asked the number of medical
visits during the preceding 12 months.
In the complete cohort, the prevalence of antidepressants use was 7.0% (95%CI: 5.8,
8.2) and depression was reported by 4.3% (95%CI: 3.4, 5.3) of the participants.
Although antidepressant use was associated with female gender, some age strata,
divorced/widowed marital status and cardiovascular drug use in the univariate
analysis, after adjusting for demographic and social factors, using unconditional
logistic regression, the association with cardiovascular drug use dissipated. The only
factors remaining positive were female gender and self-reported depression.
In a second analysis, those participants with a BDI 10 or had reported using at least
one antidepressant drug, were classified as depressed and were included in the subanalysis
to assess the likelihood of antidepressant use among depressed patients
adjusting for age and gender together with number of medical visits and
cardiovascular drug use. Female gender (OR=2.72; 95%CI: 1.20, 6.15) and a greater
number of medical visits in the previous year [OR=3.88 (95%CI: 1.55, 9.75) for 2-5
visits, and OR=11.40 (95%CI: 3.92, 33.14) for 6-11 visits, compared to 0-1 visits] had
a statistically significant association with antidepressant use in patients classified as
depressed.
The results of this study are in line with the results from previous research and allow
us to conclude that the use of antidepressants is not likely to be associated with
concomitant use of cardiovascular therapies. The apparent association may be the
result of parallel chronic conditions and intense contact with the health care system
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Influência das atitudes dos enfermeiros na notificação espontânea de reações adversas a medicamentos.Marques, Joana Isabel Oliveira Mendes 31 January 2012 (has links)
Mestrado em Saúde Pública / Master Degree Course in Public Health
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Prevalência de infertilidade na cidade do PortoSoares, Sónia Maria Barbosa 13 January 2009 (has links)
Mestrado em Saúde Pública / Master Degree Course in Public Health
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Estudo prévio para a implantação de um programa de controlo de reprodução em canídeosRodrigues, Fernando Miguel da Costa 03 March 2008 (has links)
Mestrado em Saúde Pública / Master Degree Course in Public Health / O facto dos animais vadios constituírem um perigo para a Saúde Pública
implica que estes sejam sistematicamente recolhidos da rua pelas Autarquias.
Entregues aos milhares todos os anos nos seus centros de recolha oficial
(antigos canis municipais), não existe posteriormente outra solução que não a
sua eutanásia. Para mudar este cenário pensa-se ser necessário a implantação
de um programa de controlo reprodutivo em canídeos a longo prazo através da
sua esterilização, conjuntamente com uma política de educação e
sensibilização sobre a actual situação de sobre-população animal.
O objectivo deste estudo, até quanto sabemos único em Portugal, foi
determinar a possibilidade de implantação de um programa de controlo
reprodutivo em canídeos, avaliando a disponibilidade da população para a
esterilização dos seus animais. Este trabalho permitirá decidir sobre a forma de
intervenção na população de risco, fazendo um diagnóstico da situação actual
da aceitação pelos proprietários da esterilização dos seus animais.
Devido à diminuição de risco de aparecimento de tumor mamário
conferida pela esterilização, foi paralelamente verificada a prevalência desta
patologia nesta amostra.
No âmbito deste estudo foram inquiridos 1219 proprietários de canídeos
que tiveram acesso à campanha oficial de vacinação antirrábica de 2006 e 197
pelas clínicas veterinárias do Concelho, num total de 1416 questionários
preenchidos. Foi feita a avaliação clínica para diagnosticar nódulos sugestivos
de tumor mamário.
Através dos inquéritos à população que frequentou a campanha oficial
os resultados não foram animadores, verificando-se uma taxa baixa de animais
esterilizados (4,9%), 1% nos machos e 10,5% nas fêmeas. A esterilização não
é um acto recorrente entre a população visto que apenas 22,5% dos Munícipes
a apoiam e reconhecem as suas vantagens. A maioria dos entrevistados
(48,6%) desconhece as suas vantagens e 28,9% opõe-se à esterilização,
principalmente por a considerar errada e antinatural.
A taxa mais elevada de esterilização de animais está associada a um
estrato social com rendimento médio-alto, com maior instrução e com
profissões mais especializadas. Pelo contrário, a menor taxa de esterilização
de animais e a maior percentagem de oposição à esterilização relaciona-se
com estratos sociais de menores recursos financeiros e que habitam áreas
rurais.
Os factores de risco para a subsistência e aumento do número de
animais abandonados tais como a alimentação de animais vadios e a falta do
uso da trela pelos proprietários persistem na população detentora de animais
com uma percentagem de 15,6% e 42,2%, respectivamente. A falha na recolha
das fezes pelos proprietários dos animais quando os passeiam na rua atinge os
75,7%.
Verificou-se que os proprietários de animais que atendem à campanha
oficial de vacinação apresentam menos recursos económicos e menos
instrução, assim como profissões menos especializadas do que aqueles que
escolhem preferencialmente as clínicas veterinárias privadas.
A prevalência de nódulos mamários foi estimada por palpação das
cadeias mamárias em todos os animais avaliados, 2,6% (n=33), verificando-se
estar estatisticamente associada aos factores sexo e idade do animal.
Verificou-se a ausência de nódulos mamários nos animais esterilizados antes
dos 3 anos de idade.
Perante estes resultados, parece-nos imprescindível o investimento em
campanhas educativas de promoção do controlo reprodutivo de forma a
familiarizar a esterilização junto dos proprietários de animais. Um incentivo à
esterilização poderá ser a diminuição do risco de desenvolver tumores
mamários.
O apoio económico às classes de menor rendimento, ao nível da
comparticipação da esterilização, é igualmente necessário para possibilitar o
acesso à mesma por todos e no futuro ser possível alcançar o patamar de
outros países desenvolvidos ao nível do controlo da reprodução. / The fact that stray animals are a danger for the Public Health implies that
these ones need to be systematically collected from the streets by the
Autarchies.
Every year thousand animals are delivered on their Official shelters
(former municipal kennels) and therefore there is no other solution that its
euthanasia. To change and manage this issue it is necessary to establish a
program to control dog reproduction in a long term through its sterilization with
an educational policy and awareness on the current situation about the animal
over-population.
Unique in Portugal, the purpose of this study was to determinate the
possibility of a necessary program to establish the control of dog reproduction,
evaluating and verifying the availability of the population for the sterilization of
their animals. This work will allow to decide the best way to deal with the risky
population, making a diagnosis of the current situation for the acceptance of the
sterilization of their animals by the dog s owners.
Due to the reduction of risk of the appearance of mammary tumor
conferred by the sterilization, it was also found alongside this sample the
prevalence of this disease.
In this study were surveyed 1219 dog owners and all of them had access
to the official campaign of anti-rabic vaccination in 2006 and 197 by the
veterinary clinics of the municipality, a total of 1416 fulfilled inquiries. Their
animals were evaluated to diagnose nodules and therefore analysed the
possibility of mammary tumor.
Through the inquiries maded to the population who attended the official
campaign, the results were not encouraging, with a low level of sterilized
animals (4.9%), 1% in males and 10.5% in females. The sterilization is not a
recurrent act among the population because only 22.5% of the Munícipes are
available to support and recognize the benefits. Most of the inquired people
(48.6%) don t know the advantages of the sterilization and 28.9% are against
the sterilization, mainly because they consider that a wrong option and also an
anti-natural way to solve this issue.
The higher rate of sterilization of animals is relied to a social stratum with
medium-high incomes, with a higher educational level and with more
specialized professions. In opposite, the lowest rate of sterilization of animals
and the highest percentage of opposition to sterilization is related to lower social
strata, with lower financial resource and who lives in rural areas.
The factors of risk for the subsistence and increase of the number of
abandoned animals such as the vagrant animal feeding and lack of the use of
the lead by the dog s owners is a still a reality in the population that have
animals, with a share of 15.6% and 42.2%, respectively . The lack of the
excrement collection by the owners of the animals when they walk them in the
street reached 75.7%.
It was verifyied that the owners of animals that meet the official campaign
of vaccination have less educational and lower economic resources, as well as
less specialized professions than those who prefer to choose private veterinary
clinics.
The prevalence of mammary nodules was estimated by palpation of all
animals evaluated, and 2.6% (n = 33) and have been statistically linked to the
factors of gender and age of the animal. The lack of mammary nodules in
animals sterilized before 3 years of age was verified and confirmed.
These results show that it seems essential the investment in educational
campaigns to promote reproduction control in order to familiarize the
sterilization to the owners of the animals. The factor that may encourage the
sterilization is the advantage that brings the level of prevention of mammary
tumors.
The economical support to the lower income classes in the matter of
sharing the costs of sterelization is also necessary to enable access to all and in
a near future also to make possible the abillity to reach the level of other
developed countries in terms of the control of reproduction.
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Prognóstico a longo prazo dos acidentes neurológicos transitórios no Norte de PortugalTuna, Maria da Assunção Gouveia 20 January 2009 (has links)
Mestrado em Saúde Pública / Master Degree Course in Public Health
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Protecção radiológica em radiologia dentária intraoral no conselho de Vila do CondeSilva, Sílvia Cristina Ribeiro da 20 July 2010 (has links)
Mestrado em Saúde Pública / Master Degree Course in Public Health
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Distribuição geográfica dos internanmentos hospitalares por doença dos legionários em portugal continental, de 2000 a 2008.Guilherme, Marta Isabel Pereira 26 November 2010 (has links)
Mestrado em Saúde Pública / Master Degree Course in Public Health
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Determinantes sociais e comportamentais do consumo de álcoolDias, Paula Cristina Sousa Serôdio 23 June 2008 (has links)
Mestrado em Saúde Pública / Master Degree Course in Public Health
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