Evolution and form of the three-aisle hall type layout in Bohemian sacral architecture to the mid-15th century The hall church with two, three and rarely more aisles in German described as "Hallenkirche" is usually defined as having the aisles of the same or almost the same height as opposed to the basilica. With this type of organization the main nave is lit only indirectly because there is no space for basilica type windows. Other variants or transitional types are pseudohalls, sometimes also called pseudobasilicas (in German terminology Staffenhalle and Stufenhalle), which differ from the main type by having an elevated nave without the aforementioned direct light sources. These distinctions stem from a thought construct of art history which strives for strict taxonomy in their source material. The diversity of medieval architecture nevertheless proves that there is cannot be drawn a clear and decisive line between the basilical and hall type layouts, just as the distinction between the longitudinal and central floor plans. This is connected to the cultural semantics of the different types and the even more complicated question of the intentions of the choice. The hall type is spread all across medieval Europe from the Romanesque era to the end of the Middle Ages. This type of architecture was...

The diploma thesis deals with sacral architecture in the urban structure of the Prague districts of the 19th and 20th centuries. The aim is to answer the question whether these two centuries prolong the tradition in which the urban structure responded to sanctuaries, which were often the basic starting point for new urban foundations or, on the contrary, only respond to the given urban situation. The main ambition of the work is to create a set of material from Prague urbanism to illustrate the development of relationship between sacral structures and urban space during the 19th and 20th centuries. Based on available sources, documents, catalogs, and maps, the work tries to compare new church builders with a catholic tradition without excluding the issue of minor christian churches and synagogues from the scope of the work. Keywords urbanism, sacral architecture, 19th and 20th century, Prague

The aim of this essay is to study the now demolished synagogue in Karlstad, Sweden. Its existence, or rather lack thereof, is shrouded in mystery as it remains unmentioned in most of Swedish architectural history research, and only briefly in historical writing about the city of Karlstad. The essay is an attempt to preserve and immortalise the memory of this lost piece of cultural heritage. To better understand the synagogues unique visual character it is set against two of its contemporary contexts - 19th century synagogue buildings in Europe, and the prayer houses built by the Swedish Free church and Mission movements. Describing and analysing the architecture of the synagogue in Karlstad provides a foundation for comparison between examples of these two architectural phenomena.

Diversity of today´s castles and its lucid establishment in tradition or on the other hand the unique of its forms calls up questions, the need to look back and the need of reflection. This contribution is focused on phenomenon of sacral space from the point of view of certain type - opened and closed - especially on co-influencing of light and glass as one of themost important attributes of these archepypes influencing the creation of liturgics area composition.

The study presents a new church for Novy Liskovec in Brno. The site is situated in the middle of housing estate close to public transport, on a rocky southern slope. The proposed building is used for local citizens and the christian community. For the project to be beneficial to all people concerned, I suggest layout features on culture, recreation, services and church. The open building design creates a natural social center. The church acts as a social center - multi-functional building. The basic inspirational impulse for the general shape and formal concept of the house is the existing passage through the plot, the need for social meetingpoint and the relationship to the surrounding landscape. Abstracted belt runs continuously through the construction; gradually defines and separates the social, secular and sacred space. To the visitor the house reveals a play of light, shadows and glimpses of the horizon. The project is divided into three parts: connected community center and church which are accompanied by multi-functional car park with shops and playground. The described objects create two building complexes that stand opposite to each other on the western and eastern edge of the plot. Among them, these create a town-square motif, leaving free space - the rock. The architectural concept of the church as a meandering path is expressed in the material solution of the construction. Path - the band that wraps the space has a different outer and inner material surface. The wrapped ribbon motif embracing and defining the space comes alive and changes with the movement of man in the enclosed space. Construction works as a series of leaflets - images that tell the story. The main axis of the object is oriented in the north-south direction thus offering views of open countryside and horizon, binds the building to the landscape. The structural design of the church is designed from concrete walls and steel trussers. The main load-bearing structures are embedded with self standing boxes from wooden KLH boards (laminated solid wood) as additional space separators.

Darbe nagirnėjami XX a. pabaigos – XXI a. pradžios Lietuvoje pastatytų sakralinių pastatų - katalikų bažnyčių architektūriniai ir konstrukciniai sprendiniai. Aptariama bažnyčių erdvinės - tūrinės kompozicijos, planinės struktūros, urbanistinis kontekstas ir konstrukcinės sistemos. / In thesis of the master analyzing of architectural and structural solutions in sacral buildings of Lithuanian at the end of the 20th - the beginning of the 21th century. The church's are important in architectural and cultural history, they are important of the nation culturally. Sacral buildings represented material and mental valuables of their century, so they are interesting subject of architecture.

Country churches are in the study of early medieval religious architecture the important point. In many cases, as is also the case in South Bohemia, just these shrines become an important group of objects that reflects historic rendition of certain art forms in architecture. A very important part of this theses is dedicated to a general definition of the characteristics of the construction rural churches in the area of central Pootaví. The main part of this work is a catalog of selected rural churches, which provides separate studies with detailed analysis of their construction history. The aim is to introduce the oldest form of each selected sacred sites around Strakonice. Finally, every catalog password is integrated in the system-defined groups according to the most outstanding architectural features. Also each password contents a short assessment of the quality and importance of construction, including efforts to introduce wider relations to artistic center in Strakonice or areas completely remote. Selection of buildings is made up to present rural churches far less known. With some exceptions, these are sights that are not in the literature strongly addressed. The core of the chosen methodological approach in this part of the work has become the basic points of the structural-historical...

The work deals with the historical development of the liturgical space and the architecture of the Břevnov monastery. The first part describes all building styles which were applied to Christian churches and their influance on the worship. It also includes numerous examples of important sacral buildings in our country as well as abroad. Next it deals with the changes concerning the liturgical space and liturgy itself after the 2nd Vatican Council and gives some examples of Post-Council churches. The subject matter of the second part is the Břevnov Monastery. First it briefly describes the history of Břevnov and its architectural development from Romanesque period to the Baroque style. In order to understand its constructional development it was necessary to mention some notable people and historic events that influenced the outer appearance and the inside structure of the monastery.

This project focuses on an ideal solution for restoring the roof of Notre-Dame in Paris, which burned down together with its spire on April 15, 2019. The main motive behind the design was to create a quiet space that will serve as a memorial of the fire and reflect the unity of the society that contributed to the rebuilding found. The primary step of the whole reconstruction is to find an adequate way of renewal and its ethical boundaries. Main attention is focused on the roof and on the spire of the cathedral. As a tribute to medieval builders who consecrated their lives into this magnificent piece of work. The exterior of the new design has the same silhouettes and proportions that it has got eight centuries ago, but with a touch of a modern day aesthetics. When designing the interior of the roof, it was really important to maintain a clear representation of Gothic architecture – the balance between darkness and light. The space is divided into two parts. The first part represents darkness, as an obstacle, which each of us has to overcome. The second part is full of natural light that seems to tear the roof of the cathedral and illuminates the entire space inside. At the heart of the design is a gem that matters the most, life. The spire of the cathedral is designed with four pillars that symbolize the connection of mind-spirit-body with physical world The idea of the spire reflects these seemingly different things, but together they unite into one piece.

The subject of the diploma thesis is the design of a new Roman Catholic church with conveniences, which will be located in the city of Brno - Líšeň, in the northwestern part of the cadastral area Líšeň, on a sloping plot, between Horníkova and Molákova streets, near the youth center ("Saleska"). The church will serve the Roman Catholic Congregation of the Selesians, who are attended to the education and work with children and youth. The church will be dedicated to the third Divine Person of the Holy Spirit. The main aim of the church is to be a place of meeting in the community of believers, but also a quiet and peaceful place to meet God. The proposal will also consider the construction of a vicarage, which should be a meeting place for parishioners at various events with the possibility of accommodating the Salesians. The idea is proceeded on the main symbols of the Salesians. The design is based on the idea of a home, a circle, which symbolizes the family atmosphere. It is derived from three pillars. The sense, the religion and the kindness, standing on a triangular background that serve as points to create a community bounded by circles. This fellowship is defined by three circular segments in the form of reinforced concrete framework structures, each of them represents one of the divine persons of the Holy Trinity. God the Father, God the Son and God the Holy Spirit. The gaps among the structures serve for such an illumination, which does not distract the attention from the church to the outside environment and preserves the peace and the spirituality in the interior.