Copies of author's previously published articles inserted. / Addendum (2 leaves) in pocket. / Bibliography :leaves 152-170. / xvi, 170 leaves : ill. (some col.) ; 30 cm. / Title page, contents and abstract only. The complete thesis in print form is available from the University Library. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Adelaide, Dept. of Crop Protection, 1996

Thesis (doctoral)--Umeå University, Sweden, 1995. / Added t.p. with thesis statement inserted. Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1968. / eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (doctoral)--Umeå University, Sweden, 1995. / Added t.p. with thesis statement inserted. Includes bibliographical references.

Call number: LD2668 .T4 1985 B37 / Master of Science

No description available.

Introduction Previous studies on the glandular odontogenic cyst (GOC) have largely focused on the application of immunohistochemistry for determining how the GOC lining epithelium compares with that of other odontogenic cysts. Studies on the histochemical composition of the mucous cells in the GOC are, however, lacking. This study therefore aimed to determine the mucin phenotype of the mucous cells in the GOC and compared these findings with the mucous cells in the epithelial linings of other odontogenic cysts and with normal salivary gland mucous acinar cells. Materials and Methods Twenty-seven cases made up of 10 GOCs, 9 dentigerous cysts (DC) with mucous cells and 8 radicular/residual radicular cysts (RC) with mucous cells were stained using the combined alcian blue pH 2.5-PAS (AB-PAS) histochemical technique. AB-PAS allows for differentiation between acidic- (type I mucous cells), neutral- (type II mucous cells) and mixed mucin-containing cells (type III mucous cells). Submandibular, sublingual and palatal salivary gland tissue was also subjected to AB-PAS staining. The odontogenic cysts and salivary glands were evaluated for the frequency of type I, II and III mucous cells in these tissues. Results There were significant differences between the level of type I, type II and type III mucous cells within each of the three cyst types; GOC (p=0.006), DC (p=0.0004), RC (p=0.0017). There were no significant differences in the cell counts for each mucous cell type between the 3 cyst types;type I mucous cells (p=0.54); type II mucous cells (p=0.73) and type III mucous cells (p=0.97).All 3 odontogenic cysts showed a predominance of type III mucous cells and this mirrored the mucin phenotype of the submandibular and sublingual salivary glands. Conclusion The mucin phenotype of the GOC is shared by DC and RC with mucous metaplasia. The overlapping mucin phenotypes of the different odontogenic cysts unfortunately does not support the use of the AB-PAS stain as a potential histochemical marker to distinguish between the GOC and other odontogenic cysts with mucous metaplasia. Similarities in the mucin phenotype between odontogenic cysts, submandibular and sublingual salivary glands may suggest a common ectodermal histogenetic origin for the mucous cells in odontogenic cysts and major salivary glands.

Na presente investigação estudamos a possível influência da falta da insulina sobre a atividade de duas enzimas importantes para a via glicolítica: a hexoquinase (HK) e a fosfofrutoquinase-1 (PFK-1), nas glândulas submandibular (GLSM) e parótida (GLPA) de ratos. Para isso, em ratos mantidos em jejum durante aproximadamente 15 horas foi injetado, via intraperitonial, estreptozotocin dissolvido em tampão citrato 0,1M pH 4,5 (60 mg/Kg de peso corporal). 48 horas após a indução, o sangue dos animais foi coletado e a glicemia determinada. Somente aqueles ratos que apresentaram glicemia igual ou acima de 350mg de glicose/100 ml de sangue foram utilizados. Os animais foram sacrificados 30 dias após a indução do estado diabético, por traumatismo craniano. As GLSM e GLPA foram removidas e analisadas para atividade e distribuição das enzimas HK e PFK-1. A enzima HK foi determinada no citosol (fração solúvel) e ligada a mitocôndria (fração ligada). A enzima PFK-1 foi determinada no citosol (fração solúvel) e ligada ao citoesqueleto (fração ligada) em dois pHs: pH 6,9, sujeito a regulação alostérica e pH 8,2, em que mostra atividade máxima. Na GLPA observamos aumento da atividade da HK tanto na fração solúvel (aproximadamente 33%) quanto na fração ligada a mitocôndria (aproximadamente 85%). Relativamente a isoenzimas de HK, não verificamos alteração no estado diabético. A atividade da enzima PFK-1 na GLPA não apresentou alterações quer considerando a forma sujeita a regulação alostérica, quer a forma com atividade máxima e portanto, não sujeita a regulação. Na GLSM constatamos uma redução da enzima HK ligada a mitocôndria de aproximadamente 74%, não havendo alteração da forma determinada no citosol (forma solúvel). Relativamente às formas isoenzimáticas, verificamos a perda de uma forma isoenzimática tanto na fração solúvel quanto na fração ligada. Por outro lado, observamos um aumento da atividade da PFK-1 da fração solúvel de aproximadamente 50% quando determinada em pH 6,9, que reflete a forma regulada alostericamente, e de aproximadamente 84% quando determinada em pH 8,2 e, portanto, não sujeito a regulação. Contrariando ao esperado, o conteúdo de Fru-2,6-P2 nas GLSM de ratos diabéticos apresentou redução de aproximadamente 42% enquanto a atividade da PFK-2 também apresentou redução. / We have studied in the present investigation a possible influence of the diabetic state of the rats on the activity of two important enzymes of the glycolitic pathway, namely, the HK and PFK-1 of the submandibular and parotid gland. The diabetic state was induced by an injection of streptozotocin (60mg/Kg body weight) dissolved in 0,1M citrate buffer pH 4,5 in rats overnight fasted. Forty-eight hours after the injection, blood was collected and the glucose determined. Only those animals presenting a blood glucose equal or above 350mg glucose/100ml blood we used in this experiment. The animals were sacrificed by cranial traumatism, thirty days after the induction of the diabetes, the submandibular and parotid glands were removed and analyzed for activity and distribution of the enzymes HK and PFK-1. The activity of the enzyme HK was determined in the cytosol (soluble fraction) and bound to mitochondria (solubilized fraction). The activity of the enzyme PFK-1 was determined in the cytosol (soluble fraction) and bounded to cytoscheletal (bound fraction)at two pHs, pH 6,9 that respond to allosteric regulation and pH 8,2 in which it show maximum activity. In the parotid gland it was observed an increase in the HK activity in both fractions, soluble and bond to mitochondria, of about 33% and 85% respectively. It was not possible to observe alterations in the isoenzymes profile. The activity of PFK-1 in the parotid gland showed no variation either considering the soluble fraction on the bound form, at both pHs in which it was determined. In the submandibular gland, it was verified a reduction of the bound HK of about 74%, but no variation in the soluble form. Concerning the isoenzymes, it was observed the disappearance of an isoenzyme in both fraction. On the other hand, we observed an increase in the activity of PFK-1 of the soluble fraction of about 50%, when determined at pH 6,9, pH in which it respond to allosteric control, and about 84% when determined at pH 8,2. Contrary to what it was expected, the content of Fru-2,6-P2 were reduced in the submandibular gland of diabetic rats.

Salivary proteins such as statherin (STN) are known to be involved in enamel de/remineralisation, the inhibition of crystal growth, and spontaneous precipitation of calcium phosphate salts. The active N-terminal of STN (STN21) is involved in binding with Ca2+ and in reducing HA demineralisation. In addition, salivary Histatin-1 (HTN) inhibits crystal growth of calcium phosphate salts but does not inhibit their spontaneous precipitation. These salivary peptides do not occur as individual molecules in saliva, they are part of a complex salivary system. The aims were to investigate the effect of salivary STN, HTN and their 21 N-terminal peptides (STN21, and HTN21) individually and when in combination on the demineralisation rates of HA and enamel using scanning microradiography. In addition, to understand their effect on HA and enamel demineralisation, peptide adsorption onto HA and enamel was measured spectrophotometrically. Also, peptide aggregation, surface charge and, conformation in solution were investigated. The adsorption and demineralisation reduction of non-human STN was also investigated. STN, HTN and STN21 individually showed similar adsorption and demineralisation reduction efficacy in HA but not in enamel. HTN21 showed the lowest demineralisation reduction of all peptides. STN21 when in combination with either HTN, or HTN21, showed the greatest demineralisation reduction of all peptides. The increase in peptides demineralisation reduction efficacy when in combination suggests co-operative efficacy, which is further increased with the removal of the C-terminal. All individual peptides were found to adopt an α-helical conformation at the N-terminal, which is important in peptide adsorption onto HA surfaces. When in combination conformational changes led to peptide interaction and caused an increase in their net negative charges. In conclusion, it was found that the degree to which demineralisation is reduced by peptides is correlated with the amount of peptide adsorbed.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--State University of New York at Buffalo, 1971. / eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 181-194).