No description available.

No description available.

No description available.

No description available.

Determination of whether ion specific potassium halides binding with BSA occurred within the experimental conditions was the aim of the study. Ultrasound velocity measurements using a Resoscan system and density measurements using a DMA 5000M density meter were made to analyse BSA conformation in the presence of potassium salts of the Hofmeister series. It was found that the density and the adiabatic compressibility of BSA-potassium halide mixed aqueous solutions cannot be predicted from the density and the adiabatic compressibility of potassium halide solutions and that of BSA solutions. Interaction occurs between BSA and Br-, I- and F- ions in mixed aqueous solutions of BSA-KBr, BSA-KI and BSA-KF, but there is no interaction between BSA and Cl- ion in BSA-KCl mixed aqueous solution. The interaction of ion to BSA is ion non-specific to the Hofmeister series.

No description available.

No description available.

No description available.

Various bis-dmio and -dmit zincate complexes, [Q]<SUB>2</SUB>[Zn(dmio)<SUB>2</SUB>] [Q = NEt<SUB>4</SUB>, 1,4-dmp, Ph<SUB>4</SUB>P and FcCH<SUB>2</SUB>NMe<SUB>3</SUB>] and [Q]<SUB>2</SUB>[Zn(dmit)<SUB>2</SUB>] [Q = FcCH<SUB>2</SUB>NMe<SUB>3</SUB>], have been prepared and characterised by IR, <SUP>1</SUP>H and <SUP>13</SUP>C-NMR spectral and elemental analysis data. The solid state structure of [FcCH<SUB>2</SUB>NMe<SUB>3</SUB>]<SUB>2</SUB>[Zn(dmio)<SUB>2</SUB>] was determined by X-ray crystallography. The complexes, [Q]<SUB>2</SUB>[Zn(dmio)<SUB>2</SUB>] and [Q]<SUB>2</SUB>[Zn(dmit)<SUB>2</SUB>], have been further used as precursors of various dmio and dmit complexes of tin (IV) and antimony (III) and (V). Metal exchange reactions with these complexes have also been investigated. The neutral tin compounds, R<SUB>2</SUB>Sn(dmio) [RR' = Me<SUB>2</SUB>, Et<SUB>2</SUB>, Bu<SUB>2</SUB>, Ph<SUB>2</SUB> and MeO<SUB>2</SUB>CH<SUB>2</SUB>CH<SUB>2</SUB>] have been synthesised and characterised by IR, <SUP>1</SUP>H, <SUP>13</SUP>C and <SUP>119</SUP>Sn-NMR spectral and elemental analysis data and for Me<SUB>2</SUB>Sn(dmio) by X-ray diffraction. The compounds, [Q][R<SUB>2</SUB>Sn(dmio)X] [Q = NEt<SUB>4</SUB>, FcCH<SUB>2</SUB>NMe<SUB>3</SUB> ; R = Ph, Et ; X = Cl] and [Q][R<SUB>2</SUB>(dmit)X] [Q = FcCH<SUB>2</SUB>NMe<SUB>3</SUB> ; R = Ph ; X = Cl], have been prepared and halide (X) exchange reactions in [Q][R<SUB>2</SUB>Sn(dmio)X] [Q = NEt<SUB>4</SUB> ; R=Ph ; X=Cl] have been investigated using alkali metal halides and pseudohalides [NaI, NaBr and NaSCN]. The solid state structures of [NEt<SUB>4</SUB>][Ph<SUB>2</SUB>Sn(dmio)Cl], [NEt<SUB>4</SUB>][Ph<SUB>2</SUB>Sn(dmio)-SCN] and [NEt<SUB>4</SUB>][NEt<SUB>4</SUB>][Et<SUB>2</SUB>Sn(dmio)Br] have been determined. The monoestertin bis-dmio complexes, [Q][MeO<SUB>2</SUB>CCH<SUB>2</SUB>CH<SUB>2</SUB>Sn(dmio)<SUB>2</SUB>] [Q = NEt<SUB>4</SUB>, 1,4-dmp and Ph<SUB>4</SUB>P] and the neutral diestertin dmio complex, [(MeO<SUB>2</SUB>CCH<SUB>2</SUB>CH<SUB>2</SUB>)<SUB>2-</SUB>Sn(dmio)], have been synthesised and characterised. The solid state structure of [NEt<SUB>4</SUB>][MeO<SUB>2</SUB>CCH<SUB>2</SUB>CH<SUB>2</SUB>Sn(dmio)<SUB>2</SUB>] has been determined. Also, the tris-dmio and dmit complexes, [Q]<SUB>2</SUB>[Sn(dmit)<SUB>3</SUB>] [Q = NEt<SUB>4</SUB>, 1,4-dmp, Ph<SUB>4</SUB>P and FcCH<SUB>2</SUB>NME<SUB>3</SUB>] and [Q][Sn(dmit)<SUB>3</SUB>] [Q = FcCH<SUB>2</SUB>NMe<SUB>3</SUB>] have been prepared and characterised. The antimony (III) bis-dmio complexes, [Q][Sb<SUP>III</SUP>(dmio)<SUB>2</SUB>] [Q = NEt<SUB>4</SUB>, 1,4-dmp, Ph<SUB>4</SUB>P and FcCH<SUB>2</SUB>NMe<SUB>3</SUB>], and antimony (III) bis-dmit complex, [Q][Sb<SUP>III</SUP>(dmio)<SUB>2</SUB>] [Q = FcCH<SUB>2</SUB>NMe<SUB>3</SUB>], have been synthesised and fully characterised by IR, <SUP>1</SUP>H and <SUP>13</SUP>C-NMR spectral and elemental analysis data.

The onset of the Glass Transition in tetrahedral network liquids is associated with the over-constrained nature of the structure and the low ability of the ions to move relative to one another. We investigate the interplay between the structure and dynamics in BeF₂, a template for the ideal tetrahedral system. We see that the ionic diffusion coefficients can be predicted from the calculated viscosity of the system using the Eyring hopping model of diffusion, with a diffusive jump length approximately corresponding to the radius of the first coordination sphere. Novel correlation functions are developed which enable us to identify the events responsible, on an atomistic level, for the structural rearrangements which correspond to the barrier crossing in this hopping model of diffusion, and we find that these events can be identified as the exchange of ions in the local coordination poly- hedra, or cage, of the cations. The calculation of the rate of the decay of these cages allows us to predict the macroscopic diffusion coefficients with the definition of a jump length over which the diffusive hops occur, and to scale the behaviour of the system at different temperatures by setting the cage lifetime as an effective clock for the system. Comparison between simulations performed with and without the inclusion of the effects of anion polarisation suggest that the polarisation plays an important role in the ability of the system to undergo the cage decay events and to create the defect sites which facilitate a decrease in the number of constraints acting in the system. The decay of the cages describes the local rearrangement of the ions in the first coordi- nation shell of a given ion. The development of other correlation functions allows us to investigate the spatial relationship between these cage decay events over longer length and time scales, and also to investigate how the local structure of the first coordination shells of the cations relates to their ability to undergo the cage decay events and to form the defects. These functions are then used to investigate the link between the structure and the dy- namics in some molten trichloride systems, which have different network structures, and hence a different relationship between the cage decay and the diffusion. Finally, we investigate the effect of changing the potential parameters in BeF2, and we find that the effective polarisability of the system can be controlled such that a less diffusive system may be described, giving a good representation of both structural and dynamical experimental data.