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A prote??o jur?dica dos servi?os ecossist?micos : um dever fundamental ecol?gicoRamm?, Rog?rio Santos 23 March 2017 (has links)
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Previous issue date: 2017-03-23 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / The aim of this thesis is to identify the normative dimensions of the fundamental duty
of individuals towards the ecological balance of the environment, identifying the
nature of the obligations arising from that obligation. The link between the object of
the constitutional protection of the environment and the concept of ecosystem
services is evidenced, which makes it possible to reinterpret the content of the
obligations imposed on individuals by virtue of this fundamental duty. Although the
fundamental ecological duty has content associated with the fundamental right to the
environment, invests individuals in autonomous subjective positions, which will
constitute obligations of conduct with positive or negative content, aimed at the
protection of ecosystem services. Another important point of the research is to
understand the conceptual distinction between ecosystem services and
environmental services. The positive obligations stemming from the fundamental
ecological duty have the identical object of what is being called environmental
services. One of the viable paths to the realization of these obligations is the
incentive. In this context, the protector-receiver principle is identified as a normative
source that bases the consolidation of a promotional legal system, complementary to
the rules of command and control. The concrete instrumentalization of the protectorrecipient
principle, especially in countries of intense social inequality, should be
thought of as an instrument of environmental justice. Thus serving not only as a
source of income for the poorest who engage in environmental services, but also as
a way of valuing the habits and cultures of traditional peoples and communities,
which, without gaining anything in return, contribute to the generation of ecosystem
services. / A presente tese objetiva identificar as dimens?es normativas do dever fundamental
dos particulares para com o equil?brio ecol?gico do ambiente, identificando a
natureza das obriga??es que decorrem desse dever. Evidencia-se a vincula??o
existente entre o objeto da prote??o constitucional do ambiente ao conceito de
servi?os ecossist?micos, o que permite reinterpretar o conte?do das obriga??es que
se imp?em aos particulares por for?a desse dever fundamental. O dever
fundamental ecol?gico, muito embora possua conte?do associado ao direito
fundamental ao ambiente investe os indiv?duos em posi??es subjetivas aut?nomas,
que v?o se constituir em obriga??es de conduta com conte?do positivo ou negativo,
voltadas ? prote??o dos servi?os ecossist?micos. Outro ponto importante da
pesquisa ? a distin??o conceitual entre servi?os ecossist?micos e servi?os
ambientais. As obriga??es de cunho positivo que decorrem do dever fundamental
ecol?gico, tem o id?ntico objeto daquilo que se est? a denominar por servi?os
ambientais. Um dos caminhos vi?veis para a concretiza??o dessas obriga??es ? o
do incentivo. Nesse contexto, se identifica o princ?pio do protetor-recebedor como
fonte normativa que fundamenta a consolida??o de um sistema jur?dico promocional,
complementar ?s normas de comando e controle. A instrumentaliza??o concreta do
princ?pio do protetor-recebedor, sobretudo em pa?ses de intensa desigualdade
social, n?o s? pode como deve ser pensado tamb?m como um instrumento de
justi?a ambiental, servindo n?o apenas como uma fonte de renda para os mais
carentes que se empenhem em servi?os ambientais, mas tamb?m como forma de
valoriza??o dos h?bitos e culturas de povos e comunidades tradicionais, que, sem
ganhar nada em troca, contribuem com a gera??o de servi?os ecossist?micos.
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