The area immediately surrounding a landfill was studied by DC resistivity methods, soil borings, and review of historical data bases to learn if the landfill had released leachate to the ground water and to define the geology and hydrogeology of the site. Property immediately adjacent to the landfill has been proposed as a new landfill site. The geology and hydrogeology of this site were investigated to provide supplemental data for use in planning and operating the new landfill.Although no contaminant plumes were located by resistivity methods, the range in measured resistivity values proved to be sufficiently large to possibly mask existing leachate migration from the landfill. Using the resistivity data base generated through this effort, future resistivity surveys at this site may identify changes indicating contaminant plume formation or migration.Zones of shallow sand and gravel were found (by resistivity methods) to be present at locations that appear to correlate with slightly higher topography and soil type MuB2. This information led to the location and confirmation of other shallow permeable zones in the glacial drift with the same common attributes (soil type MuB2, higher topography and 5 to 15 feet deep sand and gravel). These shallow permeable zones had been omitted from the ground-water monitoring systems for both the Metropolitan Landfill and the proposed Delaware County Landfill. The results of this study were used as the basis for recommendations presented to the local board of health and the state regarding the need for additional ground-water monitoring at the two sites and the suggested locations for such.

Environmental issues were at their peak in the 1960s'. The concern and willingness of the public to work for a better environment brought new federal laws and regulations to the United States. After more than twenty years, it seems that the public is losing interest in attaining a better environment.This case study deals with perception and recognition of environmental issues such as solid waste disposal in Delaware county, Indiana. Statements regarding knowledge and willingness to get involved in issues like solid waste disposal and environmental education were addressed. / Department of Landscape Architecture

This thesis has developed a suite of compound specific stable isotope tools to monitor landfill leachate and identify the infiltration of leachate to ground water and surface water. These tools have the power to indicate the fractional contribution multiple discrete sources of pollution are making to a single location. This journey began by developing two solid phase extraction (SPE) methods to extract non-polar and polar organic compounds from leachate with minimal fractionation of hydrogen or carbon isotopes. Non-polar compounds were successfully extracted using ENV+ SPE cartridges and polar compounds were successfully extracted using Strata-X SPE cartridges. The isotopic fractionation of non-polar compounds during ENV+ extraction varied significantly (up to 245⁰/₀₀ and 1.8⁰/₀₀ for D and ��C respectively, when eluted with acetonitrile and ethyl acetate, as recommended by manufacturers) but the fractionation of compounds eluted with dichloromethane was negligible (less than instrumental precision). Polar compounds were eluted from Strata-X cartridges with negligible isotopic fractionation using methanol. The direct comparison of SPE and liquid-liquid extraction found SPE to extract slightly more compound from leachate then liquid-liquid extraction (especially for polar compounds) and the isotopic compositions of compounds did not change with extraction methods. These new analytical methods subsequently were used to determine the isotopic compositions of organic compounds dissolved in leachates from three New Zealand landfills. The molecular and isotopic signature of leachate varied significantly between landfills, indicating the isotopic fingerprint of organic compounds in leachate is unsuitable as a universal tracer of leachate. However, compounds such as terpien-4-ol, methylethylbenzene and juvabione maintained their isotopic composition over short geographical distance-indicating their potential as site-specific tracers of leachate. Organic compounds analysed on a transect across the landfill boundary indicated polar compounds were more mobile than semi-volatile compounds and possessed a more conservative isotopic composition. However, hexadecanoic acid extracted from leachate and ground water was highly depleted in ��C (-72 ⁰/₀₀ to -40⁰/₀₀), indicative of methanogenic and sulfate reducing bacteria. These bacteria only live in highly reducing environments such as leachate; therefore their presence in the pristine environment can potentially indicate the release of leachate from the landfill. The final experiments traced the uptake and utilisation of leachate by periphyton. The isotopic composition of bulk periphyton, fatty acids and phytol indicated that microbial assimilation and utilisation of nutrients is a complex process. Fatty acid biomarkers for green algae and diatoms showed signs of leachate derived nutrients, however the availability of nutrients (carbon, nitrogen, water and light) caused significant changes in metabolic processes and isotopic compositions. Under slow growing conditions, the [delta]��C composition of periphyton became enriched in ��C as solar irradiation levels decreased (including shading by detritus and periphyton), while the [delta]D composition of fatty acid was controlled by the internal recycling of hydrogen. This study indicated the power of compound specific isotope analysis as a tool to detect the release of landfill leachate from a landfill, especially at locations with multiple potential sources of contaminants, and provides a sound platform for future research.

Thesis (Ph. D. - Hydrology and Water Resources) - University of Arizona. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 95-99).

Lic.-avh. (sammanfattning) Västerås : Mälardalens högskola, 2007. / S. 55-59: Bibliografi.

Thesis (M. Phil.)--University of Hong Kong, 1997. / Includes bibliographical references (leaf 192-208).

Thesis (PH. D.)--Michigan State University. Civil Engineering, 2008. / Title from PDF t.p. (viewed on Sept. 2, 2009) Includes bibliographical references (p. 267-278). Also issued in print.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1970. / Typescript. Vita. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record.

Orientador: Alcides Lopes Leão / Banca: Izabel Cristina Takitane / Banca: Valeria Cristina Rodrigues Sarnighausen / Banca: Valdir Schalch / Banca: Rosane Aparecida Gomes Battistelle / Resumo: O exponencial crescimento populacional e a crescente urbanização, agravado pelo desenvolvimento econômico da sociedade, tem como resultado o crescimento da geração de resíduos sólidos urbanos e também a necessidade cada vez maior de energia. As formas de destinação e disposição de resíduos impactam negativamente o meio ambiente. No entanto, os resíduos podem ser utilizados para recuperação de energia, a qual pode ser adicionada à matriz do país. A realização da gestão integrada dos resíduos sólidos, com base na Política Nacional de Resíduos Sólidos, apresenta também condições para o Brasil atuar de forma responsável e com mais sustentabilidade, através de uso de instrumentos como a logística reversa e a responsabilidade compartilhada, o que pode permitir a composição gradual da hierarquia da boa gestão dos resíduos sólidos: não gerar, reusar, reciclar, destinar e dispor. O objetivo desta tese é realizar um estudo sobre um projeto regional com 39 municípios para análise comparativa para destinação dos rejeitos dos resíduos sólidos urbanos em um incinerador e disposição em um aterro sanitário com captação do biogás, considerando a possibilidade de recuperação energética em ambos os sistemas. Em complemento objetiva-se a elaboração de uma análise documental sobre o tema resíduos sólidos com abordagem de critérios que possam ser comparados entre os dois sistemas, especificamente: emissão de gases de efeito estufa, ocupação de área física de terra, impactos negativos ao meio ambie... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: The exponential population growth and increasing urbanization, aggravated by the economic development of society, results in the growth of urban solid waste generation and also the increasing need for energy. The destination and disposal of solid waste cause negative impacts in the environment. However, solid waste can be used for energy recovery, which can be added to the country matrix. The implementation of integrated solid waste management, based on the National Solid Waste Policy, also presents conditions for Brazil to act in a responsible and more sustainable way, through the use of instruments such as reverse logistics and shared responsibility, which may allow the gradual composition of the hierarchy of ideal solid waste management: not generate, reuse, recycle, destine and dispose. The objective of this thesis is to realize a study on a regional project with 39 municipalities for comparative analysis for the destination of waste from urban solid waste in an incinerator and disposal in a landfill with biogas capture, considering the possibility of energy recovery in both systems. In addition, the objective of this paper is to elaborate a documentary analysis on the subject of solid waste, with approach to criteria that can be compared between the two systems, specifically: greenhouse gas emissions, occupation of the physical area of land, negative impacts on the environment and hierarchy of systems in solid waste management. In order to carry out this study, the following methodologies were adopted: documentary analysis on solid waste; gravimetric characterization of solid waste fractions produced in the region; calculation of biogas capture with energy recovery using the equation elaborated by the International Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), with a triangular distribution of the methane production generated over the years by the slow and rapid degradation of the wastes; and energy .... / Doutor

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:24:47Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2005-01-14Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:13:03Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 iwai_ck_me_bauru_prot.pdf: 3665034 bytes, checksum: 9d79ea4ab1123d568960b092916c0d08 (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / O tratamento de chorume tem-se tornado cada vez mais importante na medida em que novos aterros sanitários são construídos de acordo com a legislação vigente. Esta relevância está associada à grande quantidade de chorume captada pelo sistema de drenagem nos aterros com liners eficientes. O tratamento de chorume é dificultado pela dinâmica de suas características durante as estações do ano e também durante sua vida útil. Processos biológicos via de regra apresentam baixa eficiência na remoção de carga orgânica, exigindo ainda grandes bacias de equalização. Processos fíico-químicos produzem grandes quantidades de lodo, necessitando ainda de maiores recursos para seu manejo. Portanto, tornam-se necessárias formas alternativas que auxiliem ou substituam os processos convencionais a custos reduzidos. Outra característica fundamental de todo aterro sanitário é grande demanda de terra para cobertura... / The leachate treatment has become more relevant insofar as recent sanitary landfills have been built according the current legislation. This relevance is associate to a large amount of leachate collected by drainage systems in sanitary landfill with efficient linears. The leachate treatment is difficult due to the variation on the quality and on the quantity of the leachate generated on the different seasons and during the landfill lifetime. The biological process to treat leachate needs large equalization basins and usually presents low efficiency. Physical-chemical process produces large amount of sludge at low efficiency and needs more management resources... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)