Atualmente o mundo vive uma fase de mudança da matriz energética, onde fontes mais limpas e renováveis de energia estão sendo cada vez mais utilizadas. Considerando o eminente cenário de escassez dos recursos hídricos, além da necessidade de produzir energia mais limpa, existe a necessidade de racionalizar o uso da água e para isso é preciso estudar o consumo hídrico das culturas. Assim, este projeto terá como objetivos calibrar e utilizar medidas de fluxo de seiva obtidas pelo método de dissipação térmica (MDT) para determinar a transpiração do pinhão-manso (Jatropha curcas L.). Para a calibração foram utilizadas plantas de pinhão-manso cultivadas em casa de vegetação dentro de vasos de 250 L. Estes vasos foram acondicionados sobre lisímetros de pesagem e tiveram sua superfície coberta para evitar a evaporação da água do solo. A calibração foi realizada durante 60 dias consecutivos, quando durante os primeiros 15 dias o solo foi mantido com umidade próxima da condição de capacidade de vaso por meio de irrigações frequentes, seguido de 30 dias de redução da umidade do solo devido a supressão da irrigação e de 15 dias finais com o retorno da irrigação para a recuperação da hidratação das plantas. A transpiração foi determinada nos lisímetros e estes dados foram utilizados para calibrar as medidas obtidas por sensores de fluxo de seiva inseridos no tronco das plantas. Após a calibração, os sensores foram instalados em campo para monitorar a transpiração de plantas cultivadas sob irrigação por pivô central, gotejamento e sem irrigação. Aliado a diferentes tipos de poda a que foram submetidas as plantas, avaliou-se a combinação do consumo de água das plantas de pinhão-manso associado a estes tratamentos de podas. Como esperado o método de dissipação térmica apresentou-se como sendo confiável para determinação da transpiração de pinhão-manso, permitindo que a metodologia pudesse ser utilizada em campo. Foi verificado efeito significativo da irrigação, dos tipos de poda e da época de avaliação após a poda para a altura de plantas, diâmetro e volume de copa e IAF. Observou-se valores de ETc de 6,96; 7,54 e 6,57 mm dia-1 para os tratamentos de irrigação localizada, pivô central e sem irrigação, respectivamente. / Today the world is going through a phase of changing the energy matrix, where cleaner and renewable sources of energy are being used more and more. Considering the imminent scenario of scarcity of water resources, in addition to the need to produce cleaner energy, there is a need to rationalize the use of water and for this we must study the water consumption of crops. Thus, this project will aim to calibrate and use sap flow measurements obtained by the thermal dissipation probe to determine Jatropha curcas L. transpiration. For the calibration, jatropha plants grown under greenhouse conditions were used in 250 L vessels. These vessels were placed on weighing lysimeters and had their surface covered to avoid evaporation of soil water. The calibration was carried out during 60 consecutive days, which during the first 15 days the soil was maintained with humidity near the pot capacity by means of frequent irrigations, followed by 30 days of soil moisture reduction due to suppression of irrigation and of 15 days with the return of irrigation to the recovery of plant hydration. The transpiration was determined in the lysimeters and these data were used to calibrate the measurements obtained by sap flow sensors inserted in the trunk of the plants. After the calibration, the sensors were installed in the field to monitor the transpiration of plants cultivated under central pivot irrigation, drip irrigation and without irrigation. Allied to the different types of pruning to which the plants were submitted, the combination of the water consumption of the jatropha plants associated to these pruning treatments was evaluated. As expected, the thermal dissipation method proved to be reliable for the determination of perspiration of Jatropha, allowing the methodology to be used in the field. It was verified a significant effect of irrigation, pruning types and evaluation period after pruning for plant height, canopy diameter and volume and LAI. ETc values of 6.96; 7.54 and 6.57 mm day-1 for the treatments of localized irrigation, central pivot and without irrigation, respectively.

Submitted by Marlene Santos (marlene.bc.ufg@gmail.com) on 2016-09-15T18:07:05Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Ana Cláudia Oliveira Sérvulo - 2016.pdf: 2434108 bytes, checksum: 3547aafd1a987a6c13667cbd8aa9a2f8 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2016-09-16T12:18:45Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Ana Cláudia Oliveira Sérvulo - 2016.pdf: 2434108 bytes, checksum: 3547aafd1a987a6c13667cbd8aa9a2f8 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-09-16T12:18:45Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Ana Cláudia Oliveira Sérvulo - 2016.pdf: 2434108 bytes, checksum: 3547aafd1a987a6c13667cbd8aa9a2f8 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-04-04 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / The African Mahogany’s commercial exploitation in the Brazilian Midwest lacks information to assist management strategies of the specie and natural resources, specially water. The transpiration and growth analysis are useful, not just for water management, but also to support physiological studies. The Granier method (thermal dissipation probe – TDP) uses sap flow measurements to estimate transpiration in woody species, however it requires validate for each new specie. This paper aimed to study the African Mahogany’s water consumption and growth in the Cerrado bioma. The main activities aimed to: a) Adjust the Granier’s sap flux method to African Mahogany; b) Quantify water consumption and vegetative growth on a 2.5 years old African Mahogany’s forest, under two water regimes; c) Establish relations between tree transpiration and atmospheric water demand. This research consisted of two experiments. The first one, happened in oct-nov/2014 and feb-may/2015, consisted of the Granier’s model adjustment with aid of the lysimetry, for use in African Mahogany’s transpiration measurements. The second experiment, happened between oct/2014 and oct/2015, on a commercial forest up to 2.5 years old, evaluated water consumption (transpiration by leaf area – T) using integrated sap flux measurements by TDP, and vegetative growth [leaf area (AF), diameter at breast height (DAP), tree height (Alt), trunk volume (VTR) and leaf dry biomass (BMF)], treatments were defined as: T1 – forest with irrigation interrupted at two years old; T2 – forest without irrigation. The adjusted sap flux model to African mahogany is F    k  AS 6 1,231 268,25 10 , and the original Granier’s model underestimates the transpiration in 39.1%. The average potential transpiration was between 2.1 and 34.8 L day-1. In field conditions, the growth benefits from the T1 are seen in highest values for AF, DAP and BMF. However, the Alt and VTR are not significant different. The monthly T under field conditions varied between 10.2 and 24.2 L m-2, except for jul-aug/2015, when T2 transpiration was higher. The combination of bigger leaf area and low soil water content led to T1’s water deficit scenario. / A exploração comercial do Mogno Africano (Khaya ivorensis) no Centro- Oeste brasileiro carece de informações sobre a espécie para auxiliar no desenvolvimento de estratégias de ações no manejo da espécie e dos recursos naturais, em especial a água. Para tal, os estudos do processo transpiratório e de análise de crescimento são úteis, não só para o manejo da água no processo produtivo, como também para sustentar estudos fisiológicos. O método de Granier (sonda de dissipação térmica – SDT) utiliza a medida do fluxo de seiva como base para estimativa da transpiração em espécies lenhosas, todavia seu uso requer validação do modelo para cada nova espécie. Este trabalho tem como objetivo determinar consumo hídrico e o crescimento do Mogno Africano no bioma Cerrado. As atividades envolvidas visaram: a) Ajustar o modelo de Granier para estimativa da transpiração em Mogno Africano; b) Quantificar o consumo de água e o crescimento vegetativo em uma floresta a partir dos 2,5 anos de idade em dois regimes hídricos; c) Estabelecer a relação entre a transpiração das árvores e a demanda hídrica da atmosfera em condições naturais de disponibilidade de água no solo. A pesquisa constituiu de dois experimentos. O primeiro experimento foi realizado entre out-nov/2014 e fev-mai/2015 e objetivou o ajuste do modelo de Granier a partir da lisimetria na medida da transpiração do Mogno Africano. O segundo experimento foi realizado a campo entre out/2014 e out/2015, em um plantio comercial a partir de 2,5 anos de idade, avaliou-se o consumo hídrico (transpiração por unidade de área foliar – T), por meio da integração do fluxo de seiva medido com a SDT, e o crescimento vegetativo [área foliar (AF), diâmetro à altura do peito (DAP), altura (Alt), volume de tronco (VTR) e biomassa seca de folhas (BMF)]; os tratamentos foram definidos como: T1 – floresta com irrigação interrompida aos dois anos; T2 – floresta não irrigada. O modelo ajustado para o Mogno Africano é F    k  AS 6 1,231 268,25 10 . O modelo original de Granier subestima em 39,1% a transpiração do Mogno Africano. A transpiração potencial média foi de 13,0 L dia-1. Em campo, a superioridade do crescimento em AF, DAP e BMF prevaleceu para o tratamento T1. Porém o incremento em Alt e VTR foi similar nos dois grupos avaliados. A T em campo variou entre 10,2 e 24,2 L m-2 mês-1, respondendo diretamente à demanda evaporativa atmosférica, exceto em jul e ago/2015, nos quais T2 apresentou maior T. A combinação entre maior área foliar e baixo armazenamento de água no solo (a partir de 33,6 mm) promoveu menor transpiração à T1 devido ao esgotamento precoce da água do solo.

Detta examensarbete behandlar affärssystem (även kallade ERP-system) och implementering av dessa. ERP betyder Enterprise Resource Planning och innebär ett integrerat system som innefattar hela företagets verksamhet. Att införa ett affärssystem i en organisation är en stor investering och ofta en komplicerad uppgift, det är därför bra om tidigare erfarenheter från liknande implementationer kan utnyttjas. I mitt arbete har jag undersökt vilka faktorer en organisation bör beakta för att erhålla en lyckad implementering. Arbetet har bedrivits i form av en fallstudie där jag genom intervjuer med projektdeltagare har studerat den implementation som Volvo Lastvagnar Komponenter AB i Skövde nyligen har genomfört av affärssystemet SAP R/3. Resultatet av undersökningen kan sammanfattas i tre övergripande områden; planering, utbildning och resurser. Dessa områden är alla viktiga att beakta i samband med en implementering av ett affärssystem för att implementeringen skall nå ett, för företaget, lyckat resultat.

I dagens hårda konkurrenssituation krävs det mer och mer av företags informations-system. Detta gör att fler och fler företag väljer att implementera ett integrerat affärs-system. Integreringen gör att företag får en enhetlig systemmiljö för hela företagets informationsbehandling. Implementeringen är dock en kostsam och tidskrävande process (Ekstrand, 1998). Mitt arbete behandlar frågeställningarna om varför företag väljer att implementera ett affärssystem, hur implementeringen förlöpte samt hur affärssystemet fungerar när implementeringen är färdig. Bland de företag jag vände mig till så var den främsta anledningen till att företag installerar ett affärssystem att systemen är omfattande och integrerade. Jag kom även till slutsatsen att det nästan är omöjligt att genomföra en implementering av ett affärssystem helt smärtfritt. Problemen beror dock inte alltid på affärssystemet utan på t.ex. dålig beredskap från företagens sida. Sammanfattningsvis fick jag intrycket att de flesta företag är nöjda med sitt val av system och de som inte ännu såg nyttan med systemen trodde att de inom kort skulle göra det.

With mobile solutions becoming more requested in the IT world, Business Intelligence is no different. This thesis examines and tests the mobile solutions for Microsoft BI, QlikView and SAP Business Objects to see if it can be used by the Sandvik Group. The tests have consisted of creating standard simple reports for the different platforms, evaluate them and then compare their functions and looks on iPad and computers. During this work it has been stated that all platforms supports mobility quite well and the recommendation is to start using it as soon as possible.

Prof. Johan du Plessis

The aim of this diploma thesis is to present the methodology that is used, to test the design and implementation of internal application controls in environment of large companies using ERP systems, especially in the environment of companies using SAP ECC. This methodology is described in the thesis. Practical task which is aimed at verifying the security level of SAP ECC in real business environment is also part of the thesis. The practical part is composed of a detailed description of IT auditors individual steps of the testing procedure, a list of security elements, which are subject to an audit procedures and documents required for verification of the control effectiveness implemented in clients environment. Furthermore, there is a summary and evaluation of the risk level associated with identified deficiencies. Part of the evaluation is a list of recommendations, which the company should apply to increase the efficiency of internal controls and thus achieve the optimal security level of SAP ECC. In the final section of the diploma thesis there is an analysis of the deficiencies elaborated. These deficiencies have been identified during the audit season in 2016 in environment of 20 large companies using this ERP system. Identified findings are classified according to the risk level. Another part of analysis are comprehensive recommendations that IT auditors provide to their clients in order to increase the security level of IT environment, especially in connection with the management and other activities related to financial data.

The aim of this research was to explore employee responses to the implementation of SAP R/3 and Connected Application Portfolios (CAPs) in Shell South Africa (Pty) Ltd. Downstream-One (DS-1) Business/Lubricants (B2B/Lubes) Project Implementation Programme. It assessed whether employees accepted or rejected change prior to the implementation of SAP R/3 and CAP’s. In 2005 globally Shell launched its Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) implementation. Its 16th implementation was conducted in Shell South Africa (Pty) Ltd. (Shell SA) in 2008. This research was conducted using a qualitative approach.

In this diploma thesis, I focus on the application integration. Main goal of this thesis is comparison of integration platforms of the biggest vendors on the market, there are products of companies Microsoft, IBM, Oracle and SAP. I compare these products according criteria, which I had chosen. I use mainly own experiences with the products to achieve a goal. These products I compare with respect to general, technological and possibility of using point of view. My work can be as a source for decision, which of the integration platforms is optimal to use. Then I describe one of them - Microsoft Biztalk Server with simple example. The next goal of this work is to summarize the theory of application integration, where I describe the possibilities of integration's application from the simplest till the most complicated. The next goal of this work is making a methodology in Biztalk Server, which will contain concrete solutions and techniques in different situations. This methodology can help developers and analysts to make better proposals, more convenient solutions and beware of needless problems.

The thesis describes insurance, its main processes and support of the processes by SAP and TIA applications. The goal is to analyze and describe policy management and claims management processes, find out to what extent are these processes supported by TIA and SAP and compare the applications in conclusion. Description of the processes is based on author's working experience and experts' advices. The comparison of TIA and SAP applications is made according to ISO 9126 and other more specific criteria. Rating of the characteristics was made by TIA and SAP experts. Benefit of the thesis is description of support of main processes by SAP and TIA applications and its comparison.