Techn. Universiẗat, Diss., 2007--Darmstadt.

Thesis (M.S.)--Oregon State University, 1993. / Typescript (photocopy). Includes bibliographical references (leaves 64-77). Also available on the World Wide Web.

Thesis (doctoral)--Universität, Köln, 2001 entitled: Körsgen, Frank: Didaktisch-methodische Grundlagen und praktische Gestaltung handlungsorientierter computerunter.

Diss. Univ. St. Gallen, 2000. / Originaltitel: Globale Unternehmensarchitekturen, Buchhandelsausg.

The Dolores River in Utah and the Virgin River in Nevada are ecosystems under pressure from increased groundwater withdrawal due to growing human populations, climate change and introduced species such as Tamarix spp. (tamarisk). Tamarisk is reputed to take excessive water from its environment. Controlling tamarisk is of concern in the western United States where plants grow quickly in already fragile and diminishing riparian areas. For this reason, biologic control beetles Chrysomelidae: Diorhabda carinulata were released to weaken the tamarisk population, thus reducing its water use. The studies for this dissertation were conducted between 2010 and 2011. We quantified tamarisk water use over multiple cycles of annual defoliation using sap flow measurements, leaf area index (LAI), well data, allometry and satellite imagery from EOS-1 Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectrometer (MODIS) sensor. Study objectives for the Virgin River were to measure evapotranspiration (ET) before beetles ever arrived and to examine the effects on tamarisk ET in the year after beetle arrival. This site showed plant ET from sap flow averaged about 4.3 mm m⁻² leaf day⁻¹ in 2010. In 2011, ET from sap flow averaged 6.4 mm m⁻² leaf area day⁻¹ pre beetle arrival, but dropped to 3-4 mm m⁻² leaf area day⁻¹ after beetle arrival. Stand level ET measured by MODIS was 2.2 mm d⁻¹ in 2010 and approximately 1.5 mm day⁻¹ when beetle arrival was measured in 2011. Significant visual change was apparent as the trees senesced. Results showed the first year of beetle arrival resulted in reduced ET but did not result in significant water savings. We also compared the reaction of the newly defoliated (in 2011) Virgin River site to the long-term defoliated (since 2007) Dolores River site to explore if all beetle invasions were created equal. This paper views the two sites as fairly extreme examples of tamarisk stand reaction to the beetle. While no mortality was reported at the Dolores River site, the site is much older, less photosynthetically active and covers far less ground when compared to the younger tamarisk monoculture on the Virgin River. Pre-beetle arrival Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) values were higher on the Virgin River than on the Dolores River. Beetle arrival at each site was captured with Landsat NDVI and a reduced NDVI signal (13% drop in NDVI at Dolores River, 5% drop at Virgin River) was seen after beetle arrival.

This thesis deals with the creation of an application developed for a real company using Web Dynpro ABAP technology. The application allows devices running on Windows Mobile platform access to SAP warehouse management.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:32:43Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2010-03-18Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:04:10Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 souza_tr_dr_botfca.pdf: 1790354 bytes, checksum: 207ba02cde3c01c3c80e735249192110 (MD5) / Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) / Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) / O fornecimento adequado de nutrientes é fundamental para melhorar a produtividade e reduzir os custos de produção, principalmente em sistemas de fertirrigação, onde a adição e a demanda por nutrientes podem ser ajustadas. Sendo assim, estudos sobre o monitoramento do estado nutricional das culturas são necessários. Esses estudos incluem técnicas de análise mais eficientes para determinar com maior rapidez e precisão os nutrientes absorvidos pela planta e, assim, definir com mais segurança o manejo adequado da adubação via fertirrigação. O objetivo deste projeto de pesquisa foi avaliar o efeito de cinco doses de N, P e K, fornecidas via fertirrigação, sobre a produção e a qualidade da laranja e o estado nutricional da planta em duas combinações de copa porta-enxerto. Para isso, um trabalho experimental de campo em Reginópolis-SP/Brasil foi conduzido durante duas safras com plantas das variedades Valência e Hamlim, ambas sobre porta-enxerto citrumelo Swingle. Os tratamentos consistiram de cinco doses de N, P e K, aplicadas via fertirrigação: T1 - controle (sem nutriente); T2 - 25%; T3 - 50%; T4 - 100% e T5 - 200% da dose de N, P e K. A dose 100%, oficialmente recomendada, foi definida com base no histórico de análises de solo e folhas e também em função da produtividade esperada. A partir desta dose foram calculadas as outras. Para monitorar o estado nutricional das plantas foram realizadas análises de folha e seiva e também foi determinada a medida indireta da clorofila. A dinâmica dos nutrientes no solo foi monitorada pela amostragem do solo e também pela coleta da solução do solo, com o auxílio de extratores de cápsula porosa. Também foi quantificada a produção e avaliada a qualidade dos frutos. O aumento das doses de N, P e K aplicadas via... / The management of nutrients supply is fundamental to increase citrus fruit yield and to reduce the production costs, mainly in fertigated orchards, in which the nutrients supply and demand can be adjusted. This way, studies about monitoring the nutritional conditions of the plants are necessary. Such studies include more efficient analysis techniques to assess faster and more accurately the absorbed nutrients, enabling a safe management of the fertilizers. This research project was aimed at evaluating the effect of five rates of N, P, and K, supplied by means of fertigation, in the yield and quality of the oranges and in the plant’s nutritional state on two combinations of treetop rootstocks. For this, an experimental work in the city of Reginópolis-SP/Brazil was conducted during two harvests with Hamlin and Valência trees, both grafted on citrumelo Swingle rootstock. The treatments consisted of five rates of N, P, and K, applied through fertigation: T1 - control (no nitrogen); T2 - 25%; T3 - 50%; T4 - 100% and T5 - 200% of the N, P, and K rate. The 100% rate, officially recommended, was established based on historic soil and leaf analysis and also in accordance with the expected productivity. The remaining rates were calculated from it. To monitor the nutritional state of the plants, leaf analysis, sap analysis, and the indirect measurement of the chlorophyll were employed. The nutrients dynamics in the soil was evaluated by soil sampling and by the soil solution analysis, with the help of porous covering soil solution extractors. The yield was quantified and the fruit quality was also assessed. The increasing in the N, P, and K rates through fertigation caused a decreasing in pH and an increasing in electrical conductivity and in ammonium, nitrate, phosphorus, manganese and zinc in the soil solution. A narrow correlation with the SPAD measures was observed in the applied nitrogen... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-26T13:50:07Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 texto completo.PDF: 2973860 bytes, checksum: 9a5b7c9ac54c42849ba6e4ec6a3f1759 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-07-28 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico / The main objective of this research was to evaluate the applicability of thermal methods for measuring sugarcane sap flow under different environmental conditions. For the evaluation of methods (energy balance and heat pulse) measurement events were conducted in a greenhouse according to the transpiration and the sugarcane sap flow under cloudy skies and partly cloudy conditions. The experiment was conducted at the experimental field of Agricultural Meteorology sector from the Department of Agricultural Engineering, Federal University of Viçosa, Minas Gerais. The monitoring of meteorological data within the greenhouse was performed by a computerized data acquisition. It was able to monitor the sap flow from the due sugarcane culture and control the electric power applied to the resistive terminals of the heat source. Based on the results, was noticed that the water needing for the sugarcane culture in hourly and daily scale, may be adequately determined by means of sap flow measurements for using the method of energy balance according to the segment of stem. However, even with the large volume of stored sap in the stems and the low sap flow speed compared to other cultures, the heat pulse method could not be implemented through the methodology proposed on a classical knowledge literature. Only with the application of longer pulses in a scale of minutes instead of seconds, it was possible to detect temperature variations that could be measured by the current data acquisition system. Thus such in order to be applied to the studied sugarcane, the theory of heat pulse method needs to be adapted from specific studies in that matter. It was noticed that, both as the low stream temperature, as the high stream temperature of the heat source show differences after the application of heat pulse in different times of the day, responding with transpiration changing compared to a day of clear skies. It was also observed that the component of heat storage in the stem cannot be disregarded for the energy balance as proposed by some authors for measurements performed in other cultures. Moreover, considering the significant diameter of the stems is necessary to install four thermocouples to obtain the temperature of the sap in the levels above and below from the heat source, two from those inserted in the center and other two in its surface. An additional thermocouple should be placed in the center of the blanket insulation, at the heat source, to quantify the axial and radial conduction of heat. The transpiration of individual sugarcane plants was slightly underestimated by the method of energy balance in the hourly scale (RMSE = 14,6 g planta-1 h-1; MBE = -4,7 g planta-1 h-1; r = 0,9065; d = 0,9432) and daily (RMSE = 97,1 g planta-1 d-1; MBE = -56,2 g planta-1 d-1; r = 0,9369; d = 0,9488), with differences about 4% compared to maximum values of transpiration measured. With the procedure of the new research for improvement of this technique, the energy balance method has great potential to become a referential technique for calibration of other similar methods in order to quantify the water flow of vapor from sugarcane to the atmosphere. / O objetivo principal foi avaliar a aplicabilidade de métodos térmicos para medição do fluxo de seiva da cana-de-açúcar sob condições ambientais distintas. Para a avaliação dos métodos (balanço de energia e pulso de calor), foram realizadas campanhas de medição da transpiração e do fluxo de seiva da cana-de-açúcar em uma casa de vegetação. O experimento foi conduzido na área experimental do setor de Meteorologia Agrícola, pertencente ao Departamento de Engenharia Agrícola da Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Minas Gerais. O monitoramento dos dados meteorológicos no interior da casa de vegetação foi realizado por meio de um sistema computadorizado de aquisição de dados. Ele foi capaz de monitorar o fluxo de seiva da cana-de-açúcar e de controlar a potência elétrica aplicada nos terminais resistivos da fonte de calor. Constatou-se que as necessidades hídricas da cultura da cana-deaçúcar, em escala horária e diária, podem ser determinadas, de forma adequada, por meio de medições do fluxo de seiva com o método do balanço de energia em um segmento de caule. No entanto, em decorrência do grande volume de seiva armazenada nos colmos e da baixa velocidade de deslocamento da seiva em comparação com outras culturas, o método do pulso de calor não pôde ser implementado por meio da metodologia clássica proposta na literatura. Somente com a aplicação de pulsos mais prolongados, em escala de minutos ao invés de segundos, foi possível detectar variações de temperatura que pudessem ser mensuradas pelo sistema de aquisição de dados. Desta forma, para que possa ser aplicada para a cana-de-açúcar, a teoria do método do pulso de calor precisa ser adaptada a partir de estudos específicos. Notou-se que, tanto a temperatura da seiva acima, quanto a temperatura abaixo da fonte de aquecimento comportam-se de maneira distintas após a aplicação do pulso de calor nos diversos horários do dia, respondendo às variações da transpiração para um dia de céu claro. Foi observado também que o componente do armazenamento de calor no caule não pode ser desconsiderado no balanço de energia como foi proposto por alguns autores para medições realizadas em outras culturas. Por outro lado, devido ao diâmetro expressivo dos colmos, é necessário instalar quatro termopares para obtenção da temperatura da seiva nos níveis acima e abaixo da fonte de aquecimento, sendo dois inseridos no centro e outros dois na superfície do colmo. Um termopar adicional deve ser colocado no centro da manta de isolamento térmico, ao nível da fonte de aquecimento, para quantificação da condução axial e radial de calor. A transpiração de plantas individuais de cana-de-açúcar foi ligeiramente subestimada pelo método do balanço de energia em escala horária (RMSE = 14,6 g planta-1 h-1; MBE = -4,7 g planta-1 h-1; r = 0,9065; d = 0,9432) e diária (RMSE = 97,1 g planta-1 d-1; MBE = -56,2 g planta-1 d-1; r = 0,9369; d = 0,9488), com diferenças da ordem de 4% em relação aos valores máximos de transpiração medidos. Com a realização de novas pesquisas para aprimoramento desta técnica, o método do balanço de energia tem grande potencial para se tornar a técnica de referência na calibração de outros métodos utilizados para quantificação do fluxo de vapor d’água da cana-de-açúcar para a atmosfera.

Thesis (MTech (Business Administration))--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2010. / The company studied is a privately owned textile company, which is part of the CAP Germany Group of companies. It is one of the leading textile knitting mills in Southern Africa and has won several awards in this regard, whilst it has also been subject to quite a few changes over the last few years. The company recently appointed a new Chief Executive Officer to lead the textile mill into the technical market, and extend the range of the fashion apparel, which it focuses on as its main product. With the aim of keeping the company in the forefront of new development, it has become important to keep its management team well informed and for them to make strategic decisions with much focus on analysis of the information that is available to them. The textile mill has a SAP ERP system, which was implemented as to provide a source of information, hence management can analyse this information that is available to aid them in their decision-making.

Resumo: O fornecimento adequado de nutrientes é fundamental para melhorar a produtividade e reduzir os custos de produção, principalmente em sistemas de fertirrigação, onde a adição e a demanda por nutrientes podem ser ajustadas. Sendo assim, estudos sobre o monitoramento do estado nutricional das culturas são necessários. Esses estudos incluem técnicas de análise mais eficientes para determinar com maior rapidez e precisão os nutrientes absorvidos pela planta e, assim, definir com mais segurança o manejo adequado da adubação via fertirrigação. O objetivo deste projeto de pesquisa foi avaliar o efeito de cinco doses de N, P e K, fornecidas via fertirrigação, sobre a produção e a qualidade da laranja e o estado nutricional da planta em duas combinações de copa porta-enxerto. Para isso, um trabalho experimental de campo em Reginópolis-SP/Brasil foi conduzido durante duas safras com plantas das variedades Valência e Hamlim, ambas sobre porta-enxerto citrumelo Swingle. Os tratamentos consistiram de cinco doses de N, P e K, aplicadas via fertirrigação: T1 - controle (sem nutriente); T2 - 25%; T3 - 50%; T4 - 100% e T5 - 200% da dose de N, P e K. A dose 100%, oficialmente recomendada, foi definida com base no histórico de análises de solo e folhas e também em função da produtividade esperada. A partir desta dose foram calculadas as outras. Para monitorar o estado nutricional das plantas foram realizadas análises de folha e seiva e também foi determinada a medida indireta da clorofila. A dinâmica dos nutrientes no solo foi monitorada pela amostragem do solo e também pela coleta da solução do solo, com o auxílio de extratores de cápsula porosa. Também foi quantificada a produção e avaliada a qualidade dos frutos. O aumento das doses de N, P e K aplicadas via... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: The management of nutrients supply is fundamental to increase citrus fruit yield and to reduce the production costs, mainly in fertigated orchards, in which the nutrients supply and demand can be adjusted. This way, studies about monitoring the nutritional conditions of the plants are necessary. Such studies include more efficient analysis techniques to assess faster and more accurately the absorbed nutrients, enabling a safe management of the fertilizers. This research project was aimed at evaluating the effect of five rates of N, P, and K, supplied by means of fertigation, in the yield and quality of the oranges and in the plant's nutritional state on two combinations of treetop rootstocks. For this, an experimental work in the city of Reginópolis-SP/Brazil was conducted during two harvests with Hamlin and Valência trees, both grafted on citrumelo Swingle rootstock. The treatments consisted of five rates of N, P, and K, applied through fertigation: T1 - control (no nitrogen); T2 - 25%; T3 - 50%; T4 - 100% and T5 - 200% of the N, P, and K rate. The 100% rate, officially recommended, was established based on historic soil and leaf analysis and also in accordance with the expected productivity. The remaining rates were calculated from it. To monitor the nutritional state of the plants, leaf analysis, sap analysis, and the indirect measurement of the chlorophyll were employed. The nutrients dynamics in the soil was evaluated by soil sampling and by the soil solution analysis, with the help of porous covering soil solution extractors. The yield was quantified and the fruit quality was also assessed. The increasing in the N, P, and K rates through fertigation caused a decreasing in pH and an increasing in electrical conductivity and in ammonium, nitrate, phosphorus, manganese and zinc in the soil solution. A narrow correlation with the SPAD measures was observed in the applied nitrogen... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Orientador: Roberto Lyra Villas Bôas / Coorientador: José Antônio Quaggio / Banca: Dirceu Maximino Fernandes / Banca: Leonado Theodoro Büll / Banca: Dirceu de Mattos Junior / Banca: Salatier Buzetti / Doutor