Το οξείδιο του ψευδαργύρου (ZnO) ανήκει στην κατηγορία των διάφανων αγώγιμων οξειδίων και θεωρείται ως το ανόργανο υλικό που επιδεικνύει τη μεγαλύτερη ποικιλία χαμηλοδιάστατων νανοδομών. Νανοδομές διαφόρων μορφολογιών του ZnO αναπτύσσονται με πλήθος μεθόδων – με κυριότερες την αέρια μεταφορά σε υψηλή θερμοκρασία (VLS) και τη χημεία διαλυμάτων – και παρουσιάζουν μεγάλο εύρος πιθανών εφαρμογών σε τομείς όπως η οπτική, η οπτικοηλεκτρονική, οι αισθητήρες, η παραγωγή ενέργειας, οι βιοϊατρικές επιστήμες, κ.α. Παρά τη συστηματική έρευνα σχετικά με την ανάπτυξη των νανοδομών αυτών για πάνω από μια δεκαετία, η καθιέρωση μιας πειραματικής μεθοδολογίας ικανής να παρέχει με επαναλήψιμο τρόπο συγκεκριμένες μορφολογίες νανοδομών του ZnO είναι ακόμα ένα ανοικτό ερώτημα. Αυτό αποτελεί και μια από τις τρέχουσες ερευνητικές προκλήσεις αφού οι παραγόμενες μορφολογίες χαρακτηρίζονται από διαφορετικές φυσικές ιδιότητες ενώ είναι αρκετά ευαίσθητες σε μικρές μεταβολές των πειραματικών συνθηκών. Στόχος της παρούσας εργασίας είναι η συστηματική μελέτη του ρόλου διαφόρων παραμέτρων της σύνθεσης στα μορφολογικά χαρακτηριστικά και τις οπτικές ιδιότητες των νανοδομών του ZnO. Η ανάπτυξη των νανοδομών πραγματοποιήθηκε τόσο με αέρια μεταφορά σε υψηλή θερμοκρασία (VLS) όσο και με τη μέθοδο της κρυστάλλωσης σε υδατικά διαλύματα (CBD). Σκοπός είναι να κατανοηθεί πως συγκεκριμένες παράμετροι επηρεάζουν τη μορφολογία των νανοδομών, το μέγεθος, τις κατανομές των διαμέτρων των μονοδιάστατων νανονημάτων και τον προσανατολισμό αυτών στο υπόστρωμα. Στην πρώτη περίπτωση δόθηκε έμφαση στο ρόλο του πάχους του υμενίου του καταλύτη (Au), αλλά και στον τρόπο ανόπτησης αυτού ώστε να δημιουργηθεί η κατάλληλη μορφολογία του καταλύτη η οποία μέσω της ανάπτυξης με τη μέθοδο VLS επηρεάζει κατ’ επέκταση και τη μορφολογία των νανοδομών του ZnO. Έτσι, επιχρυσωμένα υποστρώματα πυριτίου (Si) με πάχος καταλύτη (h) από 2 nm έως 15 nm χρησιμοποιήθηκαν μετά από ανόπτησή τους σε διάφορες θερμοκρασίες και για διαφορετικούς χρόνους για την ανάπτυξη νανονημάτων ZnO. Διαπιστώθηκε ότι για πολύ λεπτά υμένια Au (h ≤ 3 nm) δημιουργούνται σφαιρικά νανοσωματίδια χρυσού και ο χρόνος ανόπτησης δεν επηρεάζει τη μορφολογία και την κατανομή μεγεθών. Για παχύτερα υμένια (h ≥ 5 nm), ανόπτηση για σύντομο χρόνο δεν επαρκεί για την ανάπτυξη νανοσωματιδίων αντίστοιχα με αυτά των λεπτών υμενίων. Στην περίπτωση αυτή, η αύξηση του χρόνου ανόπτησης ή/και αύξηση της θερμοκρασίας ανόπτησης είναι επιβεβλημένη για την ελάττωση του μέσου μεγέθους. Εν γένει, ανόπτηση σε χαμηλότερη θερμοκρασία (400 °C) για μεγάλο χρονικό διάστημα (30 λεπτά) μετατρέπει τα υμένια του Au σε νανοσωματίδια με ευρείες κατανομές μεγεθών και υψηλές μέσες τιμές. Η ανάπτυξη νανονημάτων ZnO εξαρτάται από το μέσο μέγεθος των νανοσωματιδίων του Au. Η ανάπτυξη παρεμποδίζεται στα μεγάλα μεγέθη νανοσωματιδίων Au αφού ο υπερκορεσμός τους με Zn και O είναι αργός. Ως εκ τούτου, για τα υμένια Au με πάχος μεγαλύτερο από ~10 nm η ανάπτυξη νανονημάτων του ZnO είναι εξαιρετικά περιορισμένη. Στη δεύτερη περίπτωση, εξετάστηκε διεξοδικά ένα πλήθος παραμέτρων όπως η συγκέντρωση των αντιδρώντων στο διάλυμα, η παρουσία οργανικών ενώσεων για τον έλεγχο της διαμέτρου, οι ιδιότητες του πρόδρομου υμενίου κρυστάλλωσης στο υπόστρωμα, ο χρόνος κρυστάλλωσης, κ.α. Γυάλινα αγώγιμα υποστρώματα (FTO) στα οποία είχε εναποτεθεί πρόδρομο υμένιο πυρηνοποίησης, χρησιμοποιήθηκαν σε αυτή την περίπτωση για την ανάπτυξη νανονημάτων. Καλά προσανατολισμένες δομές κάθετες στο υπόστρωμα με διάμετρο ~30 nm και μήκος μέχρι ~7 μm δημιουργήθηκαν με χρήση 0.04 Μ ZnAc, 0.02 M HMTA, 0.16 M PEI και 0.04 M NH4OH σε υδατικό διάλυμα στους 95 οC. H χρονική διάρκεια των πειραμάτων κυμάνθηκε στο διάστημα 1 – 24 h. Η τιμή του pH του διαλύματος ήταν περίπου 7. Ο προσανατολισμός των νανοδομών χειροτέρευε με αύξηση του μήκους τους καθώς κάμπτονταν και ενώνονταν με τα γειτονικά τους. Επομένως, για την βελτίωση της δομής τους βρέθηκε ότι είναι απαραίτητη η ανανέωση του διαλύματος κάθε ~2.30 h. Οι παραχθείσες νανοδομές εξετάστηκαν με ηλεκτρονική μικροσκοπία σάρωσης (SEM) και περίθλαση ακτίνων – Χ (XRD). Για την μελέτη των ατελειών στους κρυστάλλους του ZnO χρησιμοποιήθηκε η φασματοσκοπία Raman και η φασματοσκοπία φωτοφωταύγειας (Photoluminescence). Με την φασματοσκοπία Raman μελετήθηκαν οι τρόποι δόνησης των μορίων του υλικού, ενώ με τη φασματοσκοπία φωτοφωταύγειας η ύπαρξη ατελειών στον κρύσταλλο, όπως έλλειψη οξυγόνου, αντικατάσταση ψευδαργύρου με οξυγόνο, κλπ. / Zinc oxide (ZnO) is one of the most important low dimensional semiconducting oxides owing to the amazing variety of the nanostructures it can form by means of various synthesis routes. The most important methods are the vapor deposition and the chemical bath deposition. ZnO nanostructures have attracted considerable attention in view of several applications they encounter such as optics – optoelectronics, sensors, energy production, biomedical sciences, etc. Despite systematic research concerning the rational growth of ZnO nanostructures for over a decade, the establishment of an experimental methodology capable of providing specific morphologies of ZnO nanostructures in a reproducible way is still an open question. This is also one of the current research challenges because the resulting morphologies are characterized by different physical properties and are quite sensitive to small changes in experimental conditions. The current work is aimed at providing a systematic study of the role of various growth parameters on the morphological features and the optical properties of ZnO nanostructures. Growth was achieved by catalyst-assisted (Au) vapor transport at high temperature (VLS) and by solution chemistry (CBD). It is important to gain understanding about how certain parameters affect the morphology of the nanostructures, the size distributions of the diameters and their orientation relative to the substrate. High temperature evaporation methods, such as the vapor-liquid-solid mechanism, have been exploited for the controlled growth of ZnO nanostructures on various substrates. While Au is the most frequently used catalyst for growing ZnO nanowires, its morphological features on the substrate, which determine the size and shape of the nanostructures grown, are not yet methodically explored. In the current work, we investigated the details of thermal dewetting of Au films into nanoparticles on Si substrates. Au films of various thicknesses, h, ranging from 2 to 15 nm, were annealed under slow and fast rates at various temperatures and the morphological details of the nanoparticles formed were investigated. The vapor-liquid-solid method was employed to investigate the role of the Au nanoparticles on the growth details of ZnO nanowires. Efficient and high throughput growth of ZnO nanowires, for a given growth time, is realized in cases of thin Au films, i.e. when the thickness is lower than 10 nm. In the second case, the influence of a number of parameters such as the thickness of the seed layer, the reactants concentration, the existence of organic compounds, the growth time, etc. on the growth of ZnO nanowires on conducting glass substrates (FTO) was examined. After parameter optimization it was found that ZnO nanowires grown have excellent orientation, perpendicular to the substrate, while their diameter and length were found to be ~30 nm and ~7 μm, respectively. The best growth conditions were achieved using 0.04 Μ ZnAc, 0.02 M HMTA, 0.16 M PEI and 0.04 M NH4OH. The reaction temperature was kept at 95 οC for 1 h to 24 h. The pH value was ~ 7. The alignment of ZnO nanowires deteriorates when their length increases; therefore neighboring nanowires bend forming bundles. This shortcoming has been overcome by employing the renewal of the solution every 2.30 h. The structure of ZnO nanowires was investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Raman scattering was used to study defects of ZnO nanostructures. New Raman modes, in comparison to the bulk crystal, have been assigned to finite size effects and phonon confinement in the nanostructures. Photoluminescence spectroscopy provides evidence for the type of the defects such as oxygen vacancies, zinc interstitials etc.

Cycling of the relative humidity (RH) levels in the reactant streams of polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) fuel cells has been reported to decay fuel cell performance. This study focuses on the accelerated durability testing to examine different modes of membrane failure via RH cycling. A single PEM fuel cell with an active area of 42.25 cm2 was tested. A Greenlight G50 test station was used to establish baseline cell (Run 1) performance with 840 hours of degradation under high-humidity idle conditions at a constant current density of 10 mA cm-2. Under the same conditions, two other experiments were conducted by varying the RH. For the H2-air RH cycling test (Run 2), anode and cathode inlet gases were provided as dry and humidified gases. Another RH cycling experiment was the H2 RH cycling test (Run 3): the anode inlet gas was cycled whereas keeping the other side constantly at full humidification. These two RH cycling experiments were alternated in dry and 100% humidified conditions every 10 and 40 minutes, respectively. In the experiments, the fuel cells contained a GoreTM 57 catalyst coated membrane (CCM) and 35 BC SGL gas diffusion layers (GDLs). The fuel cell test station had been performed under idle conditions at a constant current density of 10 mA cm-2. Under the idle conditions, operating at very low current density, a low chemical degradation rate and minimal electrical load stress were anticipated. However, the membrane was expected to degrade due to additional stress from the membrane swelling/contraction cycle controlled by the RH. In this work the performance of the 100% RH humidified cell (Run 1) was compared with that of RH cycling cells (Run 2 and Run 3). Chemical and mechanical degradation of the membrane were investigated using in-situ and ex-situ diagnostic methods. The results of each measurement during and after fuel cell operation are consistent. They clearly show that changing in RH lead to an overall PEM fuel cell degradation due to the increase in membrane degradation rate from membrane resistance, fluoride ion release concentration, hydrogen crossover current, membrane thinning, and hot-spot/pin-hole formation.

<p>The main hypothesis in this study is the development of a nanocomposite mediated amperometric biosensor for detection of hydrogen peroxide. The aim is to combine the electrochemical properties of both polyaniline and ferrocenium hexafluorophosphate into highly conductive nano composites capable of exhibiting electrochemistry in non acidic media / shuttling electrons between HRP and GCE for biosensor applications.</p>

<p>The spectroscopic, SEM and Raman measurements on carbon nanotubes under the exact conditions of which OES analysis were made showed that at<br /> a pressure of 400 Torr and a flow rate of 200 sccm, the quality and quantity of single-walled carbon nanotubes was the highest.</p>

Studies have been carried out on specific ion-exchange (Dowex 50W-X8 and Dowex 1-X8) and chelation (Chelex-100) resins, in order to determine their physical and chemical characteristics, to understand and explain their limits of function and to optimise their use as substrates in trace metal and speciation measurement by EDXRF. Structural information was obtained by scanning electron microscopy and x-ray microanalysis showing a homogeneous distribution of functional groups and retained ions on both sectioned and whole resins. Particle size experiments performed on Dowex 50W-X8 (38 - 840 µm) showed that this parameter has no effect on the relationship between intensity of fluorescence and concentration or mass of resin. Inter-element effects were not observed in the analysis of multielemental specimens prepared on ion-exchange / chelation media by EDXRF. This indicates that the proposed method has a significant advantage when compared with other methodologies. A theoretical ‘model’, based on the formation of thin films on the surface of the resin beads, has been proposed in order to link and explain the effects observed in these experiments. The use of a batch retention system has shown distinct advantages over using columns in terms of linearity, accuracy, precision, rapidity and simplicity. Parameters such as pH and ionic strength of the solution, concentration of competing ions and volume of the sample have been proven to be critical. The maximum retention capacity has been determined as 3.2, 1.1 and 0.67 mEq/g for Dowex 50W-X8, Dowex 1-X8 and Chelex-100 respectively. The optimum mass of resin for XRF analysis was found to be 0.5 g, for all resins tested. The linear range covered 4 to 5 orders of magnitude. These findings show the potential of the investigated media to overcome instrumental and sample limitations. Based on the physico-chemical information found, methodologies for three different applications of the resins to EDXRF determinations have been developed and their analytical possibilities explored. The multi-elemental determination of metals in sewage sludge digests was achieved by retaining the metals on Dowex 50W-X8 at pH 2 and Chelex-100 at pH 4. Chelex-100 allows quantitative recoveries for Cu and Zn. A wider range of elements was determined on Dowex 50W-X8, although with poorer recoveries (60 - 90%). The limits of detection were 10 - 21 µg when Dowex 50W-X8 was used and 8 - 49 µg for Chelex-100. The method was validated by the analysis of a certified material. The determination of Kβ/Kα intensity ratios for Cr and Mn species and its potential as a tool for direct elemental speciation has also been studied. A difference in Kβ/Kα between the oxidation states of the analytes was only observed during the analysis of solutions of the metal species by EDXRF at the 98% level of confidence. Finally, the speciation and preconcentration of Cr(III) and Cr(VI) in waters has been performed by retention on Dowex 50W-X8 and Dowex 1-X8 followed by EDXRF determination. Efficient recoveries and preconcentration factors of up to 500 were achieved, leading to limits of detection of 30 µg/L for Cr(VI) and 40 µg/L for Cr(III). This method is simple, fast and inexpensive, allowing quantitative recoveries in the speciation of chromium in waste waters.

Incorporation of monoacetylferrocene to the sulfonated polystyrene ionomers imparted some changes in the properties of sulfonated polystyrene. Sulfonation was carried out by acetic anhydride and concentrated sulphuric acid. The sulfonation reaction and the degree of sulfonation were determined by analytical titration and adiabatic bomb calorimeter . For this purpose, sulfonated polystyrene (SPS) samples with varying percentages of sulfonation were prepared between 0.85% and 6.51%. Monoacetyl ferrocene was used in equivalent amount of sulfonation through addition procedure. FTIR Spectroscopy was one of the major techniques used to support the successful addition of AcFe to the SPS samples. Altering the sulfonation degree did not change the characteristic peak positions, but increased the peak intensities with increasing the degrees of sulfonation. Mechanical properties of resultant polymers were investigated. As a result, elastic modulus of polymers decreased by the amount of monoacetylferrocene. Thermal characteristic were found by Differential Scanning Calorimeter (DSC). Thermal analysis revealed that sulfonated polystyrene samples after addition of monoacetylferrocene displayed lower values of Tg. Microscopic analysis were made by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and single phase for each sample was observed. Besides, energy dispersed micro analysis showed an increase in the intensity of the iron (II) peaks that is related to the amount of monoacetylferrocene added to the SPS samples. Flame retardancy for each polymer was also examined and found that addition of monoacetylferrocene to sulfonated polystyrene does not change the Limiting Oxygen Index value (LOI)(17). However, LOI value for polystyrene is 18.

Gegenstand der Arbeit ist die Analyse der bei hohen Verformungsgraden in Werkstoffen durch kollektive Bewegung der Versetzungen entstandenen neuen Defektkonfigurationen, die auf der mesoskopischen Skala agieren. Diese so genannte Disklinationen rufen neben starken Gitterdehnungen auch erhebliche lokale Gitterrotationen hervor. Es wurde der Nachweis der Existenz der Disklinationen in plastisch verformten Kristallen geliefert sowie die qualitative und quantitative Analyse der Disklinationskonfigurationen und der Disklinationsstärke durchgeführt. Die Untersuchungen an stark verformten Ein- und Vielkristallen wurden mittels sowohl lokalen Methoden der Transmissions- (TEM, CBED) und Rasterelektronenmikroskopie (REM, EBSD) als auch der integralen Methoden der Röntgenstrukturanalyse (XRD) durchgeführt. Die Ergebnisse haben gezeigt, dass die Entwicklung der Zellblockstruktur mit erheblichem Anstieg der Desorientierungen und Versetzungsdichten in Versetzungswänden verbunden ist und durch die Bildung der Netzwerke von Disklinationen gefördert wird.

The Maya of Central America developed a complex society: among their many achievements they developed a writing system, complex calendar and were prolific builders. The buildings of their large urban centres, such as Copan in Honduras, were decorated with painted stucco, moulded masks, carving and elaborate murals, using a range of coloured pigments. In this study the paints used on the buildings of Copan and some ceramic sherds have been investigated, non-destructively, using micro-Raman spectroscopy, micro-ATR infrared spectroscopy, environmental scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray analysis (ESEM-EDX) and FTIR-ATR imaging spectroscopy. The paint samples come from four buildings and one tomb covering three time periods in the four hundred year history of Copan. The main pigment used in the red paint on these samples was identified as haematite, and the stucco as a mixture of calcite particles dispersed throughout a calcite-based lime wash stucco. The composition and physical nature of the stucco changed through time, indicating a refining of production techniques over this period. A range of minor mineral components have been identified in each of the samples including rutile, quartz, clay and carbon. The presence and proportion of these and other minerals differed in each sample, leading to unique mineral signatures for the paint from each time period. Green and grey paints have also been identified on one of the buildings, the Rosalila Temple. The green pigment was identified as a celadonite-based green earth, and the grey pigment as a mixture of carbon and muscovite. The combination of carbon and mica to create a reflective paint is a novel finding in Maya archaeology. The high spatial resolution of the micro-FTIR-ATR spectral imaging system has been used to resolve individual particles in tomb wall paint and to identify their mineralogy from their spectra. This system has been used in combination with micro-Raman spectroscopy and ESEM-EDX mapping to characterize the paint, which was found to be a mixture of haematite and silicate particles, with minor amounts of calcite, carbon and magnetite particles, in a sub-micron haematite and calcite matrix. The blending of a high percentage of silicate particles into the haematite pigment is unique the tomb sample. The stucco in this tomb wall paint has finely ground carbon dispersed throughout the top layer providing a dark base for the paint layer. Changing paint mixtures and stucco composition were found to correlate with changes in paint processing techniques and building construction methods over the four hundred years of site occupation.

Fabrication of SWCNT-PMMA and Activated Charcoal- PMMA composites was carried out by the compression moulding technique. Then Mechanical and Electrical properties of the composites were investigated. The morphological studies of composites showed a) good dispersion of fillers and b) good interaction between fillers and matrix. Electrical conductivity of SWCNT-PMMA composites was increased by 9 orders of magnitude (at 0.8 % volume fraction of SWCNT) and that of AC-PMMA composites increased by 16 orders of magnitude (at 17 % volume fraction of AC). The percolation threshold of both composites turned out to be lower compared to the theoretical values. A significant improvement in mechanical properties was obtained ??? particularly in AC-PMMA composites which showed a 400 % improvement in Vickers microhardness ??? raising the polymer matrix abrasion property literally to that of Aluminium alloys (Dobrazanski et al 2006). In conclusion, it is to be noted that Activated Charcoal - PMMA composites have a great potential for cost effective conducting polymer composite production by the use of cheap filler: In addition, the compression moulding technique shows good potential for cost effective fabricating technique for amorphous polymers with high electrical and mechanical properties.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the root surfaces modifications after the application of different chemicals agents, and their influence on the attachment of a fibrin network and fibroblasts. From 96 anterior mandibular human incisor teeth, extracted due to severe periodontal disease, were obtained 192 dentin blocks (3x3x1 mm) of buccal and lingual surface and randomly divided into 6 groups: Control- control group, which received no treatment; Root surface scaling and root planing (SRP) - root surface was scaling and root planning with Gracey curetes; Citric acid - SRP + 30% citric acid 5 min; EDTA (ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid) - SRP + 24% EDTA gel for 1 min; Tetracycline capsule - SRP + for 3 min with a solution obtained by dissolving one 500 mg capsule of tetracycline in 2 mL of saline solution; Tetracycline gel - SRP + 50 g/mL tetracycline gel for 1 min. After dentin treatment the specimens were analyzed using 4 methodologies: 1- the demineralization level and residues of the product (n = 9); 2- the adhesion of blood components after 20 min of surface treatment (n = 9); 3- the fibroblast attachment after 24h (n = 9), were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM); and 4- the cell metabolism after 4h (n = 5) the methyltetrazolium (MTT) assay was used. Citric acid, EDTA and Tetracycline gel removed completely smear layer and smear plug on root surface, resulted in adequate demineralization .Tetracycline capsule produced great tetracycline residues with several demineralization areas on root dentin surface. Tetracycline gel and EDTA groups had more fibroblast fixation than other experimental groups. The highest mean blood clot adhesion score was observed in roots treated with a tetracycline gel, whereas, the least score was observed in roots treated with tetracycline capsule. These results demonstrated that EDTA and Tetracycline gel surface demineralization removed the smear layer over dentin surface and promoted adhesion of a fibrin network and fibroblast cells attachment. The Tetracycline capsule demonstrated less effective performance in all parameters tested. / O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar as modificações nas superfícies radiculares após a aplicação de diferentes agentes químicos, e sua influência na inserção de rede de fibrina e fibroblastos. De 96 dentes incisivos anteriores humanos, extraídos devido doença periodontal severa, foram obtidos 192 blocos de dentina (3x3x1 mm) da superfície vestibular e lingual e aleatoriamente divididos em seis grupos: controle, que não receberam tratamento, raspagem e alisamento radicular (RAR) - superfície radicular foi raspada e alisada com curetas Gracey, Ácido cítrico - RAR + ácido cítrico 30% por 5 min; EDTA (ácido etilenodiaminotetracético) - RAR + gel de EDTA 24% por 1 min; Tetraciclina cápsula RAR + solução obtida por dissolução de uma cápsula de 500 mg de tetraciclina em 2 ml de solução salina por 3 minutos; Tetraciclina gel - RAR + 50 mg / mL de tetraciclina gel por 1 min. Após o tratamento, as amostras de dentina foram analisadas utilizando 4 metodologias diferentes: 1- o nível de desmineralização e de resíduos do produto (n = 9); 2- a adesão das componentes do sangue no tratamento de superfície após 20 min (n = 9); 3- a inserção de fibroblasto após 24 horas (n = 9), que foram analisadas por microscopia eletrônica de varredura (MEV), e 4- o metabolismo celular após 4h (n = 5), o ensaio com metiltetrazólio (MTT) foi utilizado. Ácido cítrico, EDTA e tetraciclina gel removeram completamente, smear layer e smear plug na superfície radicular, resultando em adequada desmineralização. Tetraciclina cápsula produziu grande resíduos de tetraciclina com áreas severas de desmineralização na superfície de dentina radicular. Grupos Tetraciclina gel e EDTA tiveram maior inserção de fibroblastos que os outros grupos experimentais. A maior média de adesão do coágulo sanguíneo pontuada foi observada em raízes tratadas com a tetraciclina gel, enquanto que, a menor pontuação foi observada em raízes tratadas com tetraciclina cápsula. Estes resultados demonstram que a desmineralização da superfície pelo EDTA e pela tetraciclina gel removeram a smear layer que cobria a superfície da dentina e promoveram adesão da rede de fibrina e inserção de células dos fibroblastos. A Tetraciclina cápsula demonstrou desempenho menos efetivo em todos os parâmetros testados. / Mestre em Odontologia