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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Uma Abordagem para o Gerenciamento da Execução de Aplicações com Restrições de Tempo de Execução em Grades Computacionais Oportunistas / An Approach to Managing the Execution of Applications with Runtime Restrictions in Grids Opportunistic computing

Martins, Marcio Rodrigo Melo 13 April 2012 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-17T14:53:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Marcio Rodrigo Melo Martins.pdf: 1449274 bytes, checksum: c55738b6ff5f13795eaa87e218fa536c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-04-13 / FUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO À PESQUISA E AO DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTIFICO E TECNOLÓGICO DO MARANHÃO / An opportunistic grid computing environment takes advantage of idle computing cycles of regular computers and workstations that can be spread across several administrative domains for running high performance applications. Opportunistic grids are usually constructed from personal computers that do not need to be dedicated for executing grid applications. The grid workload must coexist with local applications executions, submitted by the nodes regular users. Thus, its execution environment is typically dynamic, heterogeneous and unpredictable failures occur frequently. In addition, the resources of an opportunistic grid can be used at any time for the execution of local tasks, making it difficult to preview the conclusion of the tasks running on the grid nodes. These characteristics hinder the successful execution of applications for which there are time restrictions related to its completion. This thesis presents a management mechanism specifically designed for opportunistic grid computing environments for handling the execution of applications with time deadlines set by users during their submission to the system. The proposed mechanism is based on a dynamic scheduling and rescheduling approach and was evaluated using a simulated model considering various typical scenarios of opportunistic grids. The results demonstrated the benefits of the proposed approach in comparison to traditional scheduling approaches applied in opportunistic grids. / Um ambiente de computação de grade oportunista aproveita ciclos ociosos de computadores e estações de trabalho que podem ser distribuídos por vários domínios administrativos para a execução de aplicações de alto desempenho. Grades oportunistas geralmente são construídas a partir de computadores pessoais que não precisam ser dedicados para a execução de aplicações em grade. Neste tipo de grade, a carga de trabalho deve coexistir com execuções de aplicações locais submetidos pelos usuários dos nós que a compõe. Assim, seu ambiente de execução é tipicamente dinâmico, heterogêneo e imprevisível e falhas ocorrem com frequência. Além disso, os recursos de uma grade oportunista podem ser usados a qualquer momento para a execução de tarefas locais, o que torna difícil prever a conclusão das tarefas em execução nos nós da grade. Essas características dificultam a execução bem sucedida de aplicações para as quais existem restrições de tempo relacionada com a sua conclusão. Este trabalho apresenta um mecanismo de gerenciamento da execução de aplicações projetado especificamente para ambientes de computação de grade oportunista cujas aplicações possuem prazos de execução (deadline) definidos pelos usuários durante sua submissão ao sistema. O mecanismo proposto é baseado em uma abordagem dinâmica de escalonamento e reescalonamento de aplicações e foi avaliado através de um modelo de simulação levando-se em consideração vários cenários típicos de grades oportunistas. Os resultados demonstraram os benefícios da abordagem proposta em comparação com abordagens de escalonamento de aplicações tradicionalmente utilizadas em grades oportunistas.
2

Gestion efficace de données et couverture dans les réseaux de capteurs sans fil / Energy efficient data handling and coverage for wireless sensor networks

Moustafa Harb, Hassan 12 July 2016 (has links)
Dans cette thèse, nous proposons des techniques de gestion de données pour économiser l’énergie dans les réseaux de capteurs périodiques basés sur l’architecture de clustering. Premièrement, nous proposons d’adapter le taux d’échantillonnage du capteur à la dynamique de la condition surveillée en utilisant le modèle de one-way ANOVA et des tests statistiques (Fisher, Tukey et Bartlett), tout en prenant en compte l’énergie résiduelle du capteur. Le deuxième objectif est d’éliminer les données redondantes générées dans chaque cluster. Au niveau du capteur, chaque capteur cherche la similarité entre les données collectées à chaque période et entre des périodes successives, en utilisant des fonctions de similarité. Au niveau du CH, nous utilisons des fonctions de distance pour permettre CH d’éliminer les ensembles de données redondantes générées par les nœuds voisins. Enfin, nous proposons deux stratégies actif/inactif pour ordonnancer les capteurs dans chaque cluster, après avoir cherché la corrélation spatio-temporelle entre les capteurs. La première stratégie est basée sur le problème de couverture des ensembles tandis que la seconde prend avantages du degré de corrélation et les énergies résiduelles de capteurs pour ordonnancer les nœuds dans chaque cluster. Pour évaluer la performance des techniques proposées, des simulations sur des données de capteurs réelles ont été menées. La performance a été analysée selon la consommation d’énergie, la latence et l’exactitude des données, et la couverture, tout en montrant comment nos techniques peuvent améliorer considérablement les performances des réseaux de capteurs. / In this thesis, we propose energy-efficient data management techniques dedicated to periodic sensor networks based on clustering architecture. First, we propose to adapt sensor sampling rate to the changing dynamics of the monitored condition using one-way ANOVA model and statistical tests (Fisher, Tukey and Bartlett), while taking into account the residual energy of sensor. The second objective is to eliminate redundant data generated in each cluster. At the sensor level, each sensor searches the similarity between readings collected at each period and among successive periods, based on the sets similarity functions. At the CH level, we use distance functions to allow CH to eliminate redundant data sets generated by neighboring nodes. Finally, we propose two sleep/active strategies for scheduling sensors in each cluster, after searching the spatio-temporal correlation between sensor nodes. The first strategy uses the set covering problem while the second one takes advantages from the correlation degree and the sensors residual energies for scheduling nodes in the cluster. To evaluate the performance of the proposed techniques, simulations on real sensor data have been conducted. We have analyzed their performances according to energy consumption, data latency and accuracy, and area coverage, and we show how our techniques can significantly improve the performance of sensor networks.

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