Copies of author's previously published works inserted. / Includes bibliographical references (12 leaves) / 1 v. (various pagings) ; 30 cm. / Title page, contents and abstract only. The complete thesis in print form is available from the University Library. / This thesis presents a new theory and a new method of cognitive change, and reports on their practical application in the mediation between conflicting habits and/or skills, and between conflicting concepts in science education. The term, mediation, is here used to mean that an individual consciously attempts to bring about a reconciliation between his or her conflicting habits, skills or concepts. The development of a procedure for conceptual mediation is described both at a theoretical and a practical level. The results of an independent evaluation of its influence on the attitudes to the learning of mathematics and science amongst students at a public secondary school are also presented. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Adelaide, Dept. of Education, 2000

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Acompanha: O uso de temas no cotidiano: ensino de ciências nos anos inicias / O objetivo desta pesquisa é de apresentar as contribuições que o trabalho com temas cotidianos por meio dos Três Momentos Pedagógicos, de Delizoicov e Angotti (2000), poderá trazer ao ensino e aprendizagem de Ciências nos anos iniciais, no sentido de despertar os alunos para as relações existentes entre o conhecimento escolar e a realidade.Para tanto, realizaram-se diferentes atividades, tendo como referencial teórico os momentos pedagógicos da obra de Delizoicov e Angotti de (2000) e da obra de Delizoicov, Angotti e Pernambuco de (2002), em torno do tema “Merenda escolar” com alunos do terceiro ano do ensino fundamental em uma escola da Rede Municipal de Educação da cidade de Guarapuava, Paraná. A coleta e análise dos dados ocorreram por meio da pesquisa qualitativa de cunho interpretativo, sendo de finalidade aplicada. No decorrer do desenvolvimento das atividades, percebeu-se a motivação dos alunos a cada aula, demonstrando maior envolvimento e interesse para aprender. Assim, ao final desta pesquisa, por meio de avaliação formativa com o uso de diferentes ferramentas, notou-se uma relevante melhoria na aprendizagem dos alunos. Diante de tal fato foi possível confeccionar um material de apoio com atividades do cotidiano do aluno voltadas para os conceitos de ciências naturais, para que possa servir de subsídio para os professores dos anos iniciais. / The objective of this research is to present the contributions that working with everyday issues through Three Pedagogical Moments of Delizoicov and Angotti (2000), can bring to teaching and learning science in the early years, to awaken students to the relationship between school knowledge and realidade. Para both, there were different activities, having as theoretical moments of pedagogical work and Delizoicov Angotti 2000 and work Delizoicov, Angotti and Pernambuco 2002, around the theme "school lunch "with students of the third year of elementary school in a school of the Municipal Education Guarapuava, Paraná. The collection and analysis of data occurred through the interpretative nature of qualitative research, the purpose being applied. During the development of activities, we realized the motivation of students to each class, demonstrating greater involvement and interest to learn. Thus, at the end of this research through formative assessment with the use of different tools, there has been a significant improvement in student learning. Faced with this fact was possible to make a material support with daily activities of the student facing the concepts of natural science, so that it can serve as a basis for teachers in the early years.

Science education in South Africa is not improving much. Many science educators do not have appropriate science qualifications. Majority of the learners have limited facilities to learn science. In this dilemma the move to OBE may result in further substantial deterioration of science education. A possible way out is to use computers in science education to facilitate the learning process. This study was designed to investigate how computers contribute to learners’ skills development in a physics course. A series of interactive computer simulations of colour mixing and a number of closely related traditional practical activities are aimed to promote learners’ understanding of colour. It was concluded that while computer environments have greater potentialas learning tools, they also limit interactions in significant ways.

The dependency of educators in Lesotho on externally developed curriculum theories and concepts is fundamental to issues of relevance of the school curricula. This study set out to develop the meaning of environmental literacy in the context of three secondary schools and to explore appropriate teaching methods for the development of this concept in the science curriculum. The participatory action research process involved a team of four science teachers, including the researcher, in partnership with an environmental centre. We progressively developed the meamng of environmental literacy by monitoring teaching innovations in the classroom, holding meetings and workshops and attending conferences where we shared classroom findings and reflected on our emerging understandings based on classroom experiences. Data collection involved: audio-recording of classroom lessons, interviews with teachers and students, audio-visual recording, classroom observations and students' questionnaires. The research process made apparent the complex nature of the process of clarifying and developing environmental literacy in this context. Classroom actiyities planned to inform the team's understanding of the meaning of environmental literacy and develop appropriate teaching methods encountered constraints associated with the education system and the legacy of colonialism. These contextual constraints crystallised the need for the education system to be transformed in order to make schools more conducive environments for the gevelopment of students' environmental literacy. While initially teachers were reluctant to engage in critical reflection, the research process did encourage the team to revise and expand their understandings of both environmental literacy in the science classroom, and the action research itself. The emerging meaning of environmental literacy in this context and how it may be developed among students does not involve a definition with prescriptive, effective teaching methods, but provides insights and understandings gained by the participants in their engagement with a reflective process of reconslructing meaning. I have come to understand environmental literacy during the study to be a process that should draw strongly on the local knowledge and understandings into the science curriculum, through participatory process-based curriculum development models.

Education / D.Ed. (Didactics)

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Thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree MASTER OF EDUCATION in the FACULTY OF EDUCATION AND SOCIAL SCIENCES at the CAPE PENINSULA UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY 2014 / The purpose for this study was to reveal the perceptions held by science teachers on the integration of socio-scientific issues in their science teaching. Also pertinent to this investigation was an understanding of what these teachers saw as the purpose(s) of such integration, how they purported to carry out the integration in their classroom, and how they perceive the role of social justice in science teaching. The theoretical principles of critical pedagogy underpinned the study and its methodology was guided by a phenomenological approach. The qualitative study was confined to eight schools in the Cape Town Metropole and ten science teachers made up the purposefully selected sample. Grounded theory was used as a method of analysis of the transcripts obtained from the semi-structured interviews conducted with the teachers on the socio-scientific issues depicted by two scenarios. Teachers saw the purposes for SSI integration in terms of its focus on the science curriculum, the everyday relevance of science and the impact of science. In addition they thought SSI integration could be useful to inculcate values, encourage behaviour change, advance both society and self, and develop critical thinking. They cited seven different teaching strategies and practices which they preferred for such integration: enquiry-based tasks; science content-specific activities; science-technology-society-environment (STSE) activities; communication of science information; science oriented projects; literacy programmes and deliberation and decision-making. The teachers thought that they could use the SSI scenarios to address socio-economic issues and issues pertaining to equity, self-determination, equality and civic values. Four general teacher profiles emerged from the research findings. These profiles captured both the commonalities and diversity existing among the participants’ perspectives.

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Doctor of Philosophy / Curriculum and Instruction Programs / Margaret G. Shroyer / The purpose of this exploratory case study was to explore the middle school science classroom of a constructivist teacher and examine how constructivist-based teaching influences ELL students and their learning of science. The researcher’s purpose was to discover patterns which emerged after close observations, careful documentation, and thoughtful analysis of the research topic. What was discovered by this exploratory case study was not sweeping generalizations but contextual findings. This case study was conducted in the spring of 2006. The researcher sought to answer the question, “How does constructivist teaching help middle school English Language Learners understand science?” Two variable clusters were examined: 1) the independent variable cluster of the constructivist teaching practices of the one selected teacher; and 2) the dependent variable cluster of the middle school English Language Learners understanding of the science concepts being taught. Four broad categories of data were collected: 1) observations of teaching and learning (including teaching plans and other teaching materials); 2) interviews related to teaching and learning; 3) inventories of teaching and learning; and 4) artifacts of learning. Steve Loos an eighth grade middle school science teacher is an expert constructivist-based teacher. His teaching influences English Language Learners understanding of the science concepts being taught. Steve’s teaching influenced the English Language Learners through a variety of pedagogical strategies. The researcher concluded in this study that, “Constructivist teaching helps middle school English Language Learners understand science.”