Thesis (Ph. D.)--Cornell University, 1994. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 472-485).

Thesis (Ph.D.) - University of Queensland, 2005. / Includes bibliography.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Florida, 2002. / Title from title page of source document. Document formatted into pages; contains x, 75 p.; also contains graphics. Includes vita. Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (M. Arch.)--University of South Florida, 1999. / Online version available on World WideWeb. Includes bibliographical references (leaf 49).

China's scientific development has gone through several phases over the past 50 years. In 1956, the first generation of leaders called on the whole country to "march towards science," drafting China's first scientific development plan. In 1978, the then Chinese leaders sponsored a national science conference and mapped out scientific development strategies for a new period of reform and opening-up policies. In 1985, the central government issued a "Decision on the Reform of Scientific and Technological Systems," with the aim of accelerating the application of technological discoveries to promote productivity. Since then, China has implemented a series of projects to spur the take-off of the rural economy. In 1995, at a national conference on science and technology, the Chinese leaders put forward the strategy of "revitalizing the country through science, technology and education." The central government listed this strategy along with the policy of sustainable development as the basic principles for China's long-term economic and social development. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)

Thesis (Ph.D.) --University of Adelaide, School of Commerce, 2006. / Bibliography: pages 296-332. Also available in print version.

Thesis (M.S.)--Ohio University, November, 1995. / Title from PDF t.p.

No description available.

This thesis aims to challenge the conventional assumption about the irreversibility of the decline of the textile industry in developed countries. It is argued that the decline can be reversed if mature textile firms can break away from their traditional routines and practices and radically and continuously change their technologies, markets and organisational structure to adapt to the rapidly changing business environment. Using the European textile industry as a case study, this thesis shows that a number of European countries, including Germany and The Netherlands, have managed to bypass the maturity-trap -a phenomenon commonly found in large mature firms because of an inability to adapt to changing external conditions- through industrial reconfiguration from the 1960s onwards. The majority of the industry, however, has been in relative decline over the past decade as the market has become much more competitive and consequently made their old strategies obsolete. Under such circumstances there is an urgent need to turn the industry around. Learning from the failure of the Courtaulds (UK) and the success of Ten Cate (NL) and Freudenberg (DE), the thesis illustrates how the maturity-trap can take hold and how the process of de-maturity can be initiated at the firm level. The case study of Marzotto highlights how the danger of the maturity-trap is now no longer just a British phenomenon. This once highly successful firm is now in great danger of falling into the maturity-trap. The issue at stake is the long-term survival of the European textile industry and how rapidly its long-term competitiveness can be restored.

The period around the end of the First World War saw the organization of tech­nological research in Sweden. It was at this time that work began at the Wood Pulp Research Association, at the Swedish Institute for Metals Research and at the Swedish Academy of Engineering Sciences. The latter organization had as its basic aim the promotion of technical and scientific research and thereby the support of Swedish industry and the utilization of natural resources. The disser­tation is concerned with the background of these institutions. The indirect cause of the founding of the Academy was a parliamentary motion in 1916 which resulted in an enquiry into an institute responsible for energy and fuel matters. The enquiry led to the conclusion that there existed a need for a central institution for technological research as a whole. Other issues which played a part in the sequence of events that led to the founding of the Academy, were the demand from industry for a modernization of Swedish government administration and the conflict that existed between scientifically- oriented engineers with roots in civil service traditions and the »modern» engine­ers who emphasized the role of the engineer as an industrial manager trained in economics etc. The Academy came into being with the aim of bridging this conflict and of establishing a state agency corresponding to the older Swedish Academy of Agriculture. The Wood Pulp Research Association was founded by the pulp industry, which originally had not been based on any systematic research or development work. After the turn of the century, interest in the chemistry of wood and other related substances began to increase. All early research efforts had one aim in common: the utilization of waste material from the forestry industry. The Asso­ciation was established at the end of 1917 and was jointly owned by a majority of the larger pulp companies. Due to an economic crisis in the pulp industry, the organization was abolished in 1922. The Swedish Institute for Metals Research was originally a metalographic research laboratory established as a result of cooperation between State and industry. The Institute was engaged primarily in basic research, dominated by work based on advanced X-ray spectroscopy. / digitalisering@umu