Speculation has arisen regarding the possibility of an additional offshore sediment source on the Atlantic inner shelf south of Long Island, New York, as a result of deficits in recent south shore budgetary estimates. In view of the importance of Long Island's inner shelf as a possible sediment source for other conflicting commercial uses in the future, the present study attempts to compare the known source at Montauk Point with sediments from buried palaeodrainage channels and nearby offshore and to examine the degree to which they may be linked to south shore beaches. Samples from each of these three environments were subjected to S.E.M. analysis using a checklist approach. Qualitative results comparing individual quartz grain surface feature variability with transport distance west of Montauk Point divided the south shore into three sections largely on the basis of mechanically derived and source textures: the distinctive glacial deposits formed in Ronkonkoma moraine at Montauk Point; Headlands section beaches, and Fire Island beaches. Surface feature variability plots and between sample variability plots revealed a more complex pattern of surface feature development than may be expected from what appears to be generally a single alongshore-trending wave dominated regime, which suggests an additional control such as an offshore source. Canonical variate analysis, as well as cluster and factor analyses confirmed qualitative findings and tentatively link offshore lobe deposits with onshore Fire island beaches, and distinguish them from Headlands beaches and Montauk Point. Strong supporting and complementary links between qualitative results, photographic evidence and subsequent statistical analysis suggest that the technique employed is a useful and valid sedimentological tool.

Orientador: Giorgio Basilici / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Geociências / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-23T12:00:04Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Simplicio_Fabio_M.pdf: 8080825 bytes, checksum: fba3debc6ddf60e9930361db9c5c3855 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013 / Resumo: Os lençóis de areia eólica são sistemas deposicionais constituídos em áreas de morfologia plana ou ligeiramente ondulada. As formas de leito predominantes nos lençóis de areia são as marcas onduladas de vento. Tais formas de leito podem ocorrer em comboios ou compondo zibars. Os zibars são formas de leito similares às dunas. Nos zibars não há geração de estratos de queda. Embora muitos estudos reconheçam sistemas de deposição eólica pré-cambrianos, poucos são direcionados aos lençóis de areia eólica. Igualmente negligenciados são os zibars. A Formação Bandeirinha é a unidade inferior do Supergrupo Espinhaço. Depósitos de arenitos vermelhos intercalados a conglomerados intraformacionais compõem esta unidade. Três elementos arquiteturais foram individualizados: zibars, dunas com faces de deslizamento e canais efêmeros. Os depósitos de zibars são arenitos finos a grossos, moderadamente bem selecionados, constituídos por sets de arenitos com laminações planas e paralelas, de geometria tabular ou em cunha. Os sets ocorrem sobrepostos, separados por superfícies truncadas, e constituem cosets. Os depósitos de dunas com faces de deslizamento são arenitos finos a médios, muito bem selecionados, que ocorrem na forma de corpos de geometria lenticular. Os depósitos de canais efêmeros são constituídos por corpos de conglomerados intraformacionais, clasto-suportados, de base côncava, os quais ocorrem em contato erosivo sobre os estratos de arenitos. As superfícies erosivas, de contato entre arenitos e conglomerados, têm amplitude regional. A Formação Bandeirinha é interpretada como uma sucessão sedimentar formada em um lençol de areia eólica dominado por zibars. A alternância entre depósitos de arenitos eólicos e conglomerados revela variações climáticas de ordem regional, onde a deposição eólica (clima seco) era interrompida por deposição subaquosa (clima mais úmido). Neste lençol de areia, o balanço entre entrada e saída de materiais clásticos foi sempre positivo, a construção eólica foi contínua nos períodos mais secos. A estabilização do sistema foi resultado dos processos de cimentação no substrato. A subsidência tectônica foi o principal mecanismo de preservação do sistema eólico / Abstract: The aeolian sand sheets are depositional systems formed in areas with flat or slightly undulating morphology. The predominant bedforms in sand sheets are climbing wind ripples. These bedforms may occur in convoys or composing zibars. The zibars are similar to dunes, but without avalanching faces. Although many studies recognise aeolian Precambrian systems, few works deal with aeolian sand sheets. Equally neglected are the zibars. The Bandeirinha Formation is the lower unit of the Espinhaço Supergroup. Deposits of red sandstones intercalated with intraformational conglomerates compose this unit. Three architectural elements are recognised: zibars, dunes with slip faces and ephemeral channels. Deposits of zibars are fine to coarse grained sandstones, moderately well sorted, and composed by sets of planar-parallel laminations sandstones, in tabular geometry. The sets are superimposed and occur separated by truncated surfaces that constitute cosets. The dunes with slip face are fine to medium grained, very well sorted, and occur as lenticular bodies. The ephemeral channel deposits consist of intraformational conglomerates, clast-supported, with concave erosive basal surface on the sandstone strata. The erosive surfaces of the conglomerates seem to have a regional extension. The Bandeirinha Formation is interpreted as an aeolian sand sheet dominated by zibars. The transition between aeolian sandstones and conglomerates reveals climate variations of regional range, where aeolian deposition, which corresponds to dry climate phase, was interrupted by subaqueous deposition, in more humid climate. During the sand sheet deposition, the balance between input and output of clastic materials was always positive, the aeolian construction was continuous. The stabilization of the aeolian system was result of cementation processes of shallow depth. The tectonic subsidence was the main mechanism of preservation of the aeolian system / Mestrado / Geologia e Recursos Naturais / Mestre em Geociências

Orientador: Giorgio Basilici / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Geociências / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-21T07:38:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Prandi_PedroLifterRodrigues_M.pdf: 6770707 bytes, checksum: cf2520ff00d4079bf88ddac4cccd8e0b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012 / Resumo: O principal objetivo deste trabalho é a caracterização estratigráfica da bacia Bauru nas proximidades do município de Marília (SP) através da análise das diferentes litofácies e superfícies limitantes de diversas escalas. O trabalho inclui também a análise dos paleossolos como elemento arquitetural, e a geofísica de poços que proporcionaram um maior detalhamento nas análises dos dados de superfície e subsuperfície. Os depósitos na área são interpretados como sucessões de lençóis de areia eólica com forte influência de processos pedogenéticos no topo e depósitos subaquosos na base da sequência. Esta influência ocorre devido a variações no clima. A espessura dos depósitos na área é de aproximadamente 260 metros, como pode ser comprovado pelos dados de perfilagem. As litofácies determinadas para este trabalho foram o arenito com laminação plano paralela, arenito com estruturas de fluxo não canalizado e arenito com estruturas de adesão. Para os paleossolos encontrados foram o Aridisols e o Entisols. Três fases deposicionais são distintas, da base para o topo: 1) A primeira fase deposicional é caracterizada por uma predominância de depósitos eólicos com grande influência do lençol freático aflorante; 2) A segunda fase também predominada por depósitos eólicos, porém mais seca, com pequena influência do lençol e a presença de paleossolos é pequena; 3) A terceira fase, do topo, é caracterizada por uma predominância de processos pedogenéticos ainda de clima árido a semiárido / Abstract: The main objective of this work is the stratigraphic characterization of Bauru basin in the city of Marília (SP) through the analysis of different lithofacies and bounding surfaces of various scales. This work also include an analysis of paleosols as an architectural element, and the analysis of geophysics wells data that provide a better detailed characterization of the surface and subsurface lithology. The deposit on this area is interpreted as eolian sand sheet deposits with strong influence of pedogenetic processes at the top and subaqueous at the bottom of the sequence. This influence occur due to the climate variations. The thickness of the deposit in this area is approximately 260 meters, as proven by the profiling data. The lithofacies determined for this work are: the sandstone with parallel lamination; sandstone with non-channeled flow structures and sandstone with adhesion structures. The palaeosols found was Aridisols and Entisols type. Three deposition phases can be distinguished, from the base to the top: 1) The first phase of the aeolian deposition process is characterized by a predominance of aeolian deposits with highly influence of water table; 2) The second phase is also of aeolian sedimentation but drier than the lower one, it is not so influenced by the water table and that are few paleosols; 3) Third phase, at the top of the deposit, is characterized by pedogenic processes from arid to semiarid climate / Mestrado / Geologia e Recursos Naturais / Mestre em Geociências

This study is concerned with a 29km long barrier island system along the New Brunswick coast of Kouchibouguac Bay. Over the past 150 years these islands have been retreating shorewards and have been affected by storm wave action. The changes in the island configuration, the characteristics of the island topography and the seasonal variations in the beach profile suggests that these islands are similar to better known ones along the United States coastline. The sediment characteristics of these islands reveal that there is an interplay of wind and wave processes on the sands, an interplay that is constantly mixing beach, dune and lagoon sands. The dominant southwest winds in summer cause most of the beach and dune sands to take on the characteristics of wind affected sands while the fall and spring storms impart characteristics of wave deposition to the beach sands at these times. The sediment characteristics revealed seasonal changes in the islands but simulation modelling of the energy distribution of waves in the bay after wave refraction accounts for most of the long term change in the island configuration. This modelling emphasizes field work which revealed that not all parts of the islands are affected by the same storm waves. Nort-northeast waves have a better chance of affecting the southern part of the bay while more easterly approaching waves will only influence the northern part. Over a period of time form 1894 to 1964, wave refraction modelling also shows that much of the change in the configuration of South Beach can be accounted for by wave refraction over a changing offshore bathymetry. Storm wave action thus accounts for most of the change in island configuration but the change around the inlets is most likely dependent upon the ability of these inlets to maintain stability at all times. Richibucto Inlet has achieved a stable equilibrium between the strength of the tidal currents passing through the inlet and the amount of incoming longshore drift, so that its position has remained static over the last 30 years. It is unlikely that Blacklands Gully or Little Gully have achieved this stability. / Thesis / Master of Science (MS)