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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Development of a Molecular Marker to Track APA G40199 Introgression in Common Bean for Bruchid Resistance

Mazaheri, Lucy January 2018 (has links)
In common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris), the main seed storage pests are the bruchid beetles. Damage done to the seed by the larvae has a large impact on seed quality and yield. Arcelin (ARC), phytohaemagglutinin (PHA), and α-amylase inhibitor (α-AI) are linked seed storage proteins that form the APA locus on chromosome Pv04 and are associated with resistance. A major breeding objective is to introduce bruchid resistance into common bean from a resistant tepary genotype, G40199, by introgressing the resistant APA locus into susceptible common bean backgrounds. Here we developed a molecular marker that tracks the introgression. A set of PCR primers to the α-amylase inhibitor locus amplified a DNA fragment that showed a 45 base pair insertion in the middle of a lectin Leg_b domain. This enhanced locus characterization and insertion/deletion marker may preclude the need for bruchid resistance screening early in the breeding. / United States. Agency for International Development / United States. Global Hunger and Food Security Initiative (Cooperative Agreement No. EDH-A-00-07-00005-00)
2

Diversidade de fungos associados a manchas em sementes de arroz irrigado com aplicação de silicato de cálcio e cinza de casca de arroz / Diversity of fungi seedborne flooded rice seed with application of calcium silicate and rice husk hull.

Roma, Rafaela Carolina Constantino 10 February 2010 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-26T13:37:41Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 texto completo.pdf: 321107 bytes, checksum: 908241592d4e38b9e9d64df652b74e85 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-02-10 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / The rice crop is of great importance on the world stage because it serves as the main food for millions of people around the world. However, several factors affect its production, mainly the diseases. The seed spot is caused by various fungi such as Bipolaris oryzae, Pyricularia grisea, Microdochium oryzae, Phoma sorghina, Cladosporium sp. and others. In seeds, this disease can cause reduction on germination and decrease on production due to the sterility of panicles. The application of silicon (Si) has been studied as an alternative in the control of plant diseases. Thus, the aim of this work was to evaluate the effect of calcium silicate and rice husk hulls in the incidence of fungi associated with flooded rice seed. Rice plants were submitted with rice husk hulls and calcium silicate in the doses 0, 153 and 357 kg/ha of Si. Two experiments were performed, one in the 2007/2008 harvest season and another in 2008/2009 and later seed samples were analyzed in the laboratory. Evaluations of Browning Index Seeds (BIS), the Si concentration in the pericarp of the seeds and determination of seedborne fungi were executed. There was no significant difference from the F test for IES and Si concentration for the two sources of Si in the doses used in both experiments. The efficiency of the products used and the concentration of Si in the pericarp of the seeds were similar, independently of the applied dose. In general, the fungi found in both experiments were Bipolaris oryzae, Curvularia lunata, Fusarium semitectum, F. solani, Microdochium oryzae, Nigrospora oryzae, Pyricularia grisea, Trichoconiella padwickiii and Cladosporium cladosporioides. The incidence of these fungi was not affected by the application of rice husk hulls or calcium silicate in the doses used. / A cultura do arroz tem grande importância no cenário mundial, pois se faz base da alimentação de milhões de pessoas ao redor do mundo. Porém, vários fatores afetam sua produção, dentre eles, as doenças. As manchas em sementes é causada por diversos fungos como Bipolaris oryzae, Pyricularia grisea, Microdochium oryzae, Phoma sorghina, Cladosporium sp., dentre outros. Em sementes, esta doença pode levar a redução da germinação e queda na produção devido à esterilidade de panículas. A aplicação de silício (Si) tem sido estudada como alternativa para o auxílio no controle de doenças de plantas. Desta forma, objetivou-se com este trabalho avaliar o efeito da aplicação de silicato de cálcio e de casca de arroz carbonizada na incidência de fungos associados a manchas em sementes de arroz. Plantas de arroz foram submetidas à aplicação de cinza de casca de arroz e silicato de cálcio nas doses utilizadas foram de 0; 153 e 357 kg/ha de Si. Dois experimentos foram conduzidos, sendo um na safra 2007/2008 e outro na safra 2008/2009 e, posteriormente, amostras de sementes foram analisadas em laboratório. Foram realizadas avaliações do Índice de Escurecimento de Sementes (IES), da Concentração de Si no pericarpo das sementes e a determinaçãp dos fungos presentes nas sementes. Não foi encontrada diferença significativa a partir do teste F para IES e concentração de Si para as duas fontes de Si empregadas, nas doses utilizadas nos dois experimentos, ou seja, a eficiência dos produtos utilizados e a concentração de Si no pericarpo das sementes foi semelhante, independente da dose aplicada. Em geral, os fungos encontrados em ambos experimentos foram Bipolaris oryzae, Curvularia lunata, Fusarium semitectum, F. solani, Microdochium oryzae, Nigrospora oryzae, Pyricularia grisea, Trichoconiella padwickiii e Cladosporium cladosporioides. A incidência destes fungos não foi afetada pela aplicação de casca de arroz carbonizada ou silicato de cálcio nas doses utilizadas.

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