Onset of puberty was observed in 12 bison bulls by the collection of semen at monthly intervals for 12 months beginning at 13 months of age. Onset of puberty was defined as the time in development when an ejaculate contained a minimum of 50x106 sperm showing at least 10% progressive motility. At each collection, data were recorded on body weight, semen quality, fecal testosterone concentration, and physical development. Semen was evaluated for gross motility, individual progressive motility, sperm morphology, sperm concentration and volume. From these data bison bulls attained onset of puberty at an average age of 16.5 months and an average body weight of 353 ± 52.8 kg. Age was the greatest determining factor for onset of puberty in this group of bulls. <p> Monthly abattoir collections of epididymal sperm (n=288) and testicular tissue (n=120) were evaluated to determine if bison bulls undergo seasonal changes in sperm production. Although epididymal sperm morphology did not give any indication of seasonal variation, the histological study of testicular tissue showed greater seminiferous tubule diameter (27.0 ± 4.3 ìm) during the breeding months (July, August and September) than during any other seasons. Semen collected at 4 different occasions during the year (June, November, January, and April) from live mature breeding bulls (n=21) was used to verify data collected from abattoir samples. Semen from mature bulls showed a significantly greater proportion of normal sperm in June than in November (73.8 ± 9.1%; 44.1 ± 24.3%), respectively. There was little improvement in sperm morphology at the January sampling but in April morphology improved to a level close to that observed in June. Fecal testosterone concentrations were highest in June (128.6 ± 67.4 ng/g) and lowest in April (48.5 ± 33.3 ng/g). Although there was no clear seasonal trend in sperm morphology from bulls sampled at the abattoir, mature bulls showed slight seasonal variations in semen quality.

Onset of puberty was observed in 12 bison bulls by the collection of semen at monthly intervals for 12 months beginning at 13 months of age. Onset of puberty was defined as the time in development when an ejaculate contained a minimum of 50x106 sperm showing at least 10% progressive motility. At each collection, data were recorded on body weight, semen quality, fecal testosterone concentration, and physical development. Semen was evaluated for gross motility, individual progressive motility, sperm morphology, sperm concentration and volume. From these data bison bulls attained onset of puberty at an average age of 16.5 months and an average body weight of 353 ± 52.8 kg. Age was the greatest determining factor for onset of puberty in this group of bulls. <p> Monthly abattoir collections of epididymal sperm (n=288) and testicular tissue (n=120) were evaluated to determine if bison bulls undergo seasonal changes in sperm production. Although epididymal sperm morphology did not give any indication of seasonal variation, the histological study of testicular tissue showed greater seminiferous tubule diameter (27.0 ± 4.3 ìm) during the breeding months (July, August and September) than during any other seasons. Semen collected at 4 different occasions during the year (June, November, January, and April) from live mature breeding bulls (n=21) was used to verify data collected from abattoir samples. Semen from mature bulls showed a significantly greater proportion of normal sperm in June than in November (73.8 ± 9.1%; 44.1 ± 24.3%), respectively. There was little improvement in sperm morphology at the January sampling but in April morphology improved to a level close to that observed in June. Fecal testosterone concentrations were highest in June (128.6 ± 67.4 ng/g) and lowest in April (48.5 ± 33.3 ng/g). Although there was no clear seasonal trend in sperm morphology from bulls sampled at the abattoir, mature bulls showed slight seasonal variations in semen quality.

O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o efeito da utilização da associação do butafosfan e da vitamina B12 (Catosal B12®) na qualidade do sêmen fresco e refrigerado de garanhões. Foram utilizados quatro garanhões divididos aleatoriamente em dois grupos, A e B, cada um com dois garanhões. Um dos grupos serviu como controle e o outro como grupo tratado. Como tratamento utilizaram-se duas aplicações intramusculares de 5 ml /100 kg PV de Catosal por semana. O projeto se dividiu em 4 etapas de 84 dias cada uma. Na primeira etapa o grupo A foi tratado enquanto que o grupo B serviu de controle. Na segunda etapa ambos os grupos deixaram de ser tratados. Na terceira etapa se inverteram os grupos, sendo o B tratado e o A controle. Finalmente na quarta etapa, nenhum dos grupos foi tratado. Imediatamente após a coleta o sêmen foi avaliado e diluído a uma concentração final de 25 x 10 6 de espermatozoides por mililitro. O sêmen fresco e refrigerado a 5ºC foi avaliado quanto a numero total de espermatozoides, motilidade total e progressiva, vigor, morfologia, funcionalidade (HOS test) e integridade de membrana (CFDA/PI staining). Foi realizada ANOVA e as médias pelo teste de Tukey. Não se observaram diferenças significativas entre os grupos tratados e os controles em nenhum dos parâmetros espermáticos avaliados tanto no sêmen fresco quanto no sêmen resfriado. Tampouco foram detectadas interações entre os garanhões para nenhum dos parâmetros observados. O uso prolongado de Catosal intramuscular não teve efeitos negativos e pode ser utilizado com segurança, em garanhões destinados á reprodução. O tratamento intramuscular com Catosal nas doses administradas e recomendadas pelo fabricante, durante 84 dias, não alterou a qualidade do sêmen fresco ou refrigerado por 24 horas dos garanhões jovens e férteis. / The objective of this study was to evaluate the action of butaphosphan, in combination with vitamin B12 (Catosal B12®) on the quality of fresh and cooled stallion semen. Four healthy stallions were randomly assigned to two groups A and B (n=2 per group). One acted as control group and the other one as treatment group. The treatment consisted in two intramuscular applications of 5 ml / 100 kg PV of Catosal per week following the manufacturer’s doses recommendations. The project was divided in 4 stages of 84 days. In the first stage group A was treated while group B was the control. After that both groups were not treated allowing a washout period for the treated group. Then, the groups were reversed, group B was treated and group A acted as a control. Finally in the last 84 days both groups were kept without any treatment. Semen was diluted to 25 million sperm/mL and evaluated for total sperm count, total and progressive sperm motility (light microscopy), membrane integrity (CFDA/PI staining) and membrane functionality (HOS test) at 0 and 24 hours after preservation at 5º C. Data were analyzed by one way ANOVA and means compared by the Tukey test at 5% level of significance. Experimental endpoints were analyzed to compare the values for the treated stallions in the period of time between the sixty and eighty-four days of treatment versus the same stallions without treatment. No significant differences between treatment and control groups were detected for any of the sperm parameter evaluated in this study. No interactions between stallions were detected. Results show that the use of Catosal for 84 days in the given doses does not alter fresh and cooled semen quality of the young and fertile stallions.

O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o efeito da utilização da associação do butafosfan e da vitamina B12 (Catosal B12®) na qualidade do sêmen fresco e refrigerado de garanhões. Foram utilizados quatro garanhões divididos aleatoriamente em dois grupos, A e B, cada um com dois garanhões. Um dos grupos serviu como controle e o outro como grupo tratado. Como tratamento utilizaram-se duas aplicações intramusculares de 5 ml /100 kg PV de Catosal por semana. O projeto se dividiu em 4 etapas de 84 dias cada uma. Na primeira etapa o grupo A foi tratado enquanto que o grupo B serviu de controle. Na segunda etapa ambos os grupos deixaram de ser tratados. Na terceira etapa se inverteram os grupos, sendo o B tratado e o A controle. Finalmente na quarta etapa, nenhum dos grupos foi tratado. Imediatamente após a coleta o sêmen foi avaliado e diluído a uma concentração final de 25 x 10 6 de espermatozoides por mililitro. O sêmen fresco e refrigerado a 5ºC foi avaliado quanto a numero total de espermatozoides, motilidade total e progressiva, vigor, morfologia, funcionalidade (HOS test) e integridade de membrana (CFDA/PI staining). Foi realizada ANOVA e as médias pelo teste de Tukey. Não se observaram diferenças significativas entre os grupos tratados e os controles em nenhum dos parâmetros espermáticos avaliados tanto no sêmen fresco quanto no sêmen resfriado. Tampouco foram detectadas interações entre os garanhões para nenhum dos parâmetros observados. O uso prolongado de Catosal intramuscular não teve efeitos negativos e pode ser utilizado com segurança, em garanhões destinados á reprodução. O tratamento intramuscular com Catosal nas doses administradas e recomendadas pelo fabricante, durante 84 dias, não alterou a qualidade do sêmen fresco ou refrigerado por 24 horas dos garanhões jovens e férteis. / The objective of this study was to evaluate the action of butaphosphan, in combination with vitamin B12 (Catosal B12®) on the quality of fresh and cooled stallion semen. Four healthy stallions were randomly assigned to two groups A and B (n=2 per group). One acted as control group and the other one as treatment group. The treatment consisted in two intramuscular applications of 5 ml / 100 kg PV of Catosal per week following the manufacturer’s doses recommendations. The project was divided in 4 stages of 84 days. In the first stage group A was treated while group B was the control. After that both groups were not treated allowing a washout period for the treated group. Then, the groups were reversed, group B was treated and group A acted as a control. Finally in the last 84 days both groups were kept without any treatment. Semen was diluted to 25 million sperm/mL and evaluated for total sperm count, total and progressive sperm motility (light microscopy), membrane integrity (CFDA/PI staining) and membrane functionality (HOS test) at 0 and 24 hours after preservation at 5º C. Data were analyzed by one way ANOVA and means compared by the Tukey test at 5% level of significance. Experimental endpoints were analyzed to compare the values for the treated stallions in the period of time between the sixty and eighty-four days of treatment versus the same stallions without treatment. No significant differences between treatment and control groups were detected for any of the sperm parameter evaluated in this study. No interactions between stallions were detected. Results show that the use of Catosal for 84 days in the given doses does not alter fresh and cooled semen quality of the young and fertile stallions.

O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o efeito da utilização da associação do butafosfan e da vitamina B12 (Catosal B12®) na qualidade do sêmen fresco e refrigerado de garanhões. Foram utilizados quatro garanhões divididos aleatoriamente em dois grupos, A e B, cada um com dois garanhões. Um dos grupos serviu como controle e o outro como grupo tratado. Como tratamento utilizaram-se duas aplicações intramusculares de 5 ml /100 kg PV de Catosal por semana. O projeto se dividiu em 4 etapas de 84 dias cada uma. Na primeira etapa o grupo A foi tratado enquanto que o grupo B serviu de controle. Na segunda etapa ambos os grupos deixaram de ser tratados. Na terceira etapa se inverteram os grupos, sendo o B tratado e o A controle. Finalmente na quarta etapa, nenhum dos grupos foi tratado. Imediatamente após a coleta o sêmen foi avaliado e diluído a uma concentração final de 25 x 10 6 de espermatozoides por mililitro. O sêmen fresco e refrigerado a 5ºC foi avaliado quanto a numero total de espermatozoides, motilidade total e progressiva, vigor, morfologia, funcionalidade (HOS test) e integridade de membrana (CFDA/PI staining). Foi realizada ANOVA e as médias pelo teste de Tukey. Não se observaram diferenças significativas entre os grupos tratados e os controles em nenhum dos parâmetros espermáticos avaliados tanto no sêmen fresco quanto no sêmen resfriado. Tampouco foram detectadas interações entre os garanhões para nenhum dos parâmetros observados. O uso prolongado de Catosal intramuscular não teve efeitos negativos e pode ser utilizado com segurança, em garanhões destinados á reprodução. O tratamento intramuscular com Catosal nas doses administradas e recomendadas pelo fabricante, durante 84 dias, não alterou a qualidade do sêmen fresco ou refrigerado por 24 horas dos garanhões jovens e férteis. / The objective of this study was to evaluate the action of butaphosphan, in combination with vitamin B12 (Catosal B12®) on the quality of fresh and cooled stallion semen. Four healthy stallions were randomly assigned to two groups A and B (n=2 per group). One acted as control group and the other one as treatment group. The treatment consisted in two intramuscular applications of 5 ml / 100 kg PV of Catosal per week following the manufacturer’s doses recommendations. The project was divided in 4 stages of 84 days. In the first stage group A was treated while group B was the control. After that both groups were not treated allowing a washout period for the treated group. Then, the groups were reversed, group B was treated and group A acted as a control. Finally in the last 84 days both groups were kept without any treatment. Semen was diluted to 25 million sperm/mL and evaluated for total sperm count, total and progressive sperm motility (light microscopy), membrane integrity (CFDA/PI staining) and membrane functionality (HOS test) at 0 and 24 hours after preservation at 5º C. Data were analyzed by one way ANOVA and means compared by the Tukey test at 5% level of significance. Experimental endpoints were analyzed to compare the values for the treated stallions in the period of time between the sixty and eighty-four days of treatment versus the same stallions without treatment. No significant differences between treatment and control groups were detected for any of the sperm parameter evaluated in this study. No interactions between stallions were detected. Results show that the use of Catosal for 84 days in the given doses does not alter fresh and cooled semen quality of the young and fertile stallions.