Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:22:57Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2007-03-16Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:29:27Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 rodrigues_mg_me_sjrp.pdf: 1264858 bytes, checksum: 0078fa5981910a3510d18b60f351fd54 (MD5) / Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) / Foram analisados exemplares das cinco espécies de Chironius (C. bicarinatus, C. exoletus, C. foveatus, C. fuscus e C. laevicollis), provenientes da Floresta Atlântica na Serra do Mar, incluindo os estados do Paraná, São Paulo e Rio de Janeiro. Todas as espécies foram caracterizadas em relação à morfologia, dieta e uso do ambiente. O dimorfismo sexual no tamanho de corpo é variável entre as espécies: machos de C. bicarinatus e C. foveatus são maiores que as fêmeas conspecíficas, ao passo que em C. fuscus e C. laevicollis não existe dimorfismo sexual de tamanho, e em C. exoletus, as fêmeas são maiores. Essas diferenças sugerem que o comportamento de combate ritual, registrado em algumas espécies não esteja difundido em todos representantes do gênero. A comparação interespecífica evidência diferenças marcantes na morfologia e dieta: Chironius laevicollis tem corpo grande, maior robustez, a menor cauda e dieta baseada em anfíbios terrestres, características condizentes com o hábito terrestre; C. fuscus, tem corpo pequeno, robustez intermediária e alimenta-se principalmente de anuros terrestres, indicando hábito predominantemente terrestre; C. bicarinatus tem corpo médio, robustez intermediária e dieta baseada em anuros arborícolas e terrestres, sugerindo que forrageia freqüentemente nos dois ambientes; C. exoletus possui corpo pequeno, é pouco robusta e apresa principalmente anuros arborícolas, indicando que forrageia principalmente no substrato arbóreo, e por fim, C. foveatus possui o maior tamanho corporal, menor robustez, a maior cauda e dieta baseada em anuros arborícolas, o que indica ser a espécie mais arborícola do grupo. O ancestral hipotético desse grupo possuía tamanho médio de corpo e cauda, era semi-arborícola e alimentava-se de anfíbios terrestres e arborícolas. / We explored the relationship of morphology, diet and habitat use in five sympatric species of Chironius (C. bicarinatus, C. exoletus, C. foveatus, C. fuscus and C. laevicollis) from Serra do Mar, eastern Brazil. Sexual dimorphism in body length varies among species: males C. bicarinatus and C. foveatus are larger than conspecific females, whereas no sexual dimorphism in body size is recorded for C. fuscus and C. laevicollis, and female C. exoletus is the larger sex. Such differences suggest that ritual combat (already recorded in the genus Chironius) may be absent in some species. Interespecific comparison shows differences in morphology and diet: Chironius laevicollis has large body size and the smallest tail, is more stout, and prey on terrestrial anurans, characters that may reflect terrestrial habit; C. fuscus, has small body length, medium stoutness and feed on terrestrial anurans, indicating a predominant terrestrial habit; C. bicarinatus has medium body size and stoutness, preying on terrestrial and arboreal anurans, suggesting a semi arboreal habit; C. exoletus has small and slender body and prey on arboreal anurans, indicating an arboreal habit, and finally C. foveatus has the largest body size and tail length, is more slender, and feed on arboreal anurans, thus may been the most arboreal species of the group. Hypothetic ancestor of this clade had medium body and tail length, was semi arboreal and fed on terrestrial and arboreal anurans.

Thesis (M.A.)--University of Adelaide, Dept. of Geography, 1964. / "Thesis submittede October 30th, 1963." Includes bibliographical references.

Submitted by Geyciane Santos (geyciane_thamires@hotmail.com) on 2015-07-27T13:29:40Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação - Cristian Coelho Silva.pdf: 8465324 bytes, checksum: e456f2079686386d924277234e0d1520 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Divisão de Documentação/BC Biblioteca Central (ddbc@ufam.edu.br) on 2015-07-27T20:25:31Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação - Cristian Coelho Silva.pdf: 8465324 bytes, checksum: e456f2079686386d924277234e0d1520 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Divisão de Documentação/BC Biblioteca Central (ddbc@ufam.edu.br) on 2015-07-27T20:25:27Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação - Cristian Coelho Silva.pdf: 8465324 bytes, checksum: e456f2079686386d924277234e0d1520 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Divisão de Documentação/BC Biblioteca Central (ddbc@ufam.edu.br) on 2015-07-27T20:39:12Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação - Cristian Coelho Silva.pdf: 8465324 bytes, checksum: e456f2079686386d924277234e0d1520 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-07-27T20:39:12Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação - Cristian Coelho Silva.pdf: 8465324 bytes, checksum: e456f2079686386d924277234e0d1520 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-05-16 / Não informada / This study was developed in the vicinity of the rural area of the municipal district of Rio Preto da Eva, Amazonas, in an area that Rainforest terra-firme, located to 105 km to northeast of Manaus with access for the Highway AM-010. The study area possesses 220Km2 approximately, being characterized by factors that contribute to a process of fragmentation of the habitat, distinguishing areas that are not more in direct connection with the forest continues, and these factors are evidenced by the construction of the own Highway AM-010, ring road ZF-9 and Procópio that locate about of the area. Other activities of the impact thatthey modify the natural landscape can be observed, as the illegal exploration of wood, it hunts and illegal traffic of animals. The objective of this work went accomplish a rising so that it was possible to observe the distribution status and use of the habitat for Família Boidae's serpents. The study was accomplished among the period from 2005 to 2006 with the total of 18 months of collection of data. For sampling of serpents in field different methods were used (time constrained, local collectors, sampling by car and incidental encounters) could be observed a significant difference between its use and the sampling of serpents. During the field works they were applied questionnaires in 3 communities and 17 properties peculiar of the I spill, in relation to the etno-knowledge of serpents Boidae, and to evaluate the factors of conflicts among these encourages and the local inhabitants. They were still obtained through the INPE images of the satellite CBERS - 2, sensor CCD, of the study area so that it was possible to accomplish a classification and to generate use maps and occupation. For that 60 control points associated to a landscape diagnosis were collected. During the period 59 serpents distributed in four generous and five species were found, Boa c. constrictor, Corallus caninus, Corallus hortulanus, Epicrates cenchria cenchria and Eunectes Murinus. The species showed a variation between the substratum type and used habitats. It is possible to observe through the covering maps which species can be potentially affected for the alteration of the natural landscape and the risks of they be close of the human presence, once to the serpents they are seen as a risk to the good to be of the local inhabitants. / Este estudo foi desenvolvido nas imediações da área rural do município de Rio Preto da Eva, Amazonas, em uma região que compreende a formação de floresta de terra firme, localizada a 105 km a nordeste de Manaus com acesso pela Rodovia AM-010. A área de estudo possui aproximadamente 220 Km2 , sendo caracterizada por fatores que contribuem para um processo de fragmentação do hábitat, distinguindo regiões que não estão mais em conexão direta com a floresta continua, sendo que estes fatores são evidenciados pela construção da própria Rodovia AM-010, ramal ZF-9 e Ramal Procópio que se situam ao redor da área. Outras atividades impactantes que modificam a paisagem natural podem ser observadas, como a exploração ilegal de madeira, caça e tráfico ilegal de animais. O objetivo deste trabalho foi realizar um levantamento para que fosse possível observar o status de distribuição e uso do ambiente pelas serpentes da Família Boidae. O estudo foi realizado entre o período de 2005 a 2006 totalizando 18 meses de coleta de dados. Para amostragem de serpentes em campo foram utilizados diferentes métodos (Procura visual limitada por tempo, coleta por terceiros, encontros ocasionais e busca de carro), podendo se observar uma diferença significativa entre sua utilização e a amostragem de serpentes. Durante os trabalhos de campo foram aplicados questionários em 3 comunidades e 17 propriedades particulares do entorno, em relação ao etno-conhecimento de serpentes Boidae, e avaliar os fatores de conflitos entre estes animais e os moradores locais. Foram ainda obtidos através do INPE imagens da área de estudo do satélite CBERS – 2, sensor CCD, para que fosse possível realizar uma classificação e gerar mapas de uso e ocupação do solo. Para isso foram coletados 60 pontos de controle associado a um diagnóstico de paisagem. Durante o período foram encontradas 59 serpentes distribuídas em 4 gêneros e 5 espécies, sendo Boa c. constrictor, Corallus caninus, Corallus hortulanus, Epicrates cenchria cenchria e Eunectes murinus. As espécies mostraram uma variação entre o tipo de substrato e ambientes utilizado. É possível observar através dos mapas de cobertura quais espécies podem ser potencialmente afetadas pela alteração da paisagem natural e os riscos de estarem próximas da presença humana, uma vez que a as serpentes são vistas como um risco ao bem estar da população local.

L’environnement dans lequel les espèces animales vivent joue un rôle important dans leur évolution. Les contraintes physiques sont particulièrement intéressantes car elles induisent souvent une pression évolutive qui pousse les espèces, même éloignées, à développer des réponses adaptatives similaires. Les contraintes physiques liées à la vie en milieu aquatique ont un impact important sur les trajectoires évolutives des espèces et notamment sur leur comportement et leur morphologie. De nombreux cas de convergences ont été démontrés, comme l’évolution d’une forme profilée chez les poissons, les mammifères marins et certains oiseaux aquatiques. Ces contraintes, appelées contraintes hydrodynamiques, sont particulièrement présentes lors de la réalisation d’un mouvement. On peut caractériser deux contraintes principales : la trainée et la masse ajoutée. La trainée est la résistance que le fluide oppose au mouvement de l’animal. La masse ajoutée elle, est la masse d’eau déplacée lorsque le corps se met en mouvement donc lors d’une accélération. Ces contraintes sont particulièrement présentes lors de la capture d’une proie dans l’eau. Ainsi, beaucoup d’animaux aquatiques ont développé un système de succion qui leur permet d’aspirer leur proie afin de limiter ces contraintes. Cependant, certains animaux, comme les serpents, ne peuvent pas développer ce type d’adaptation. Pourtant, plus de 200 espèces de serpents attrapent des proies dans l’eau. A travers ce travail, nous nous intéressons aux stratégies adaptatives développées par les serpents aquatiques afin de devenir de performants prédateurs. Deux hypothèses sont explorées : l’adaptation morphologique de la tête des serpents ainsi qu’une adaptation comportementale qui permettraient de réduire les contraintes hydrodynamiques. Des analyses morphologique et comportementale sont réalisées sur plusieurs espèces de serpents aquatiques afin de tester ces hypothèses. Les contraintes associées aux différentes formes de tête et comportements mis en évidence sont caractérisées à l’aide d’expériences d’hydrodynamique. L’interdisciplinarité qui est le cœur de ce manuscrit permet d’apporter un regard nouveau sur ces questions qui intriguent tant les biologistes que les physiciens. / Animal-environment interactions are determinant in driving the evolution of phenotypic variation. Most aquatic animals have developed adaptations to overcome the physical constraints inherent to an aquatic lifestyle and particularly to motion in water. These constraints are the drag and the added mass if an acceleration is involved in the motion, such as during prey capture. The aim of this project is to evaluate the role of water as a potential driver of evolution of aquatic snakes by focusing on morphological and behavioral convergences during underwater prey capture. Snakes are a good model as an aquatic life-style has originated independently in different genera. However, aquatic snakes did not develop a suction feeding system in contrast to most aquatic vertebrates. Prey-capture under water is constrained by the physical properties of the fluid and thus morphological and/or behavioral convergence is expected. By comparing the head shapes and the behavior of different species, we evaluated the impact of water on the evolution of head shape and strike behavior. By using experimental fluid mechanics approaches, we quantified the physical constraints involved in prey capture and evaluated the nature of the evolutionary response in response to these hydrodynamic constraints. This interdisciplinary approach allowed us to bring novel data to our understanding of functional constraints as drivers of phenotypic evolution.

Thesis (D.Litt.)--University of Adelaide, 1976. / Collective title supplied by cataloguer. Includes bibliographical references and indexes.

Cette thèse propose un cadre méthodologique général et unifié adapté à l’étude de la locomotion d'une large gamme de robots, en particulier bio-inspirés. L'objectif de cette thèse est double. Tout d'abord, elle contribue à la classification des robots locomoteurs en adoptant les outils mathématiques mis en place par l'école américaine de mécanique géométrique. Deuxièmement,en profitant de la nature récursive de la formulation de Newton-Euler, elle propose de nouveaux outils efficaces sous la forme d'algorithmes aptes à résoudre les dynamiques externe directe et interne inverse de tout robot locomoteur approximable par un système multicorps mobile. Ces outils génériques peuvent aider l’ingénieur ou le chercheur dans la conception, la commande, la planification de mouvement des robots locomoteurs ou manipulateurs comprenant un grand nombre de degrés de liberté internes. Des algorithmes effectifs sont proposés pour les robots discrets ainsi que continus. Ces outils méthodologiques sont appliqués à de nombreux exemples illustratifs empruntés à la robotique bio-inspirée tels les robots serpents, chenilles et autres snake-board… / This thesis proposes a general and unified methodological framework suitable for studying the locomotion of a wide range of robots, especially bio-inspired. The objective of this thesis is twofold. First, it contributes to the classification of locomotion robots by adopting the mathematical tools developed by the American school of geometric mechanics.Secondly, by taking advantage of the recursive nature of the Newton-Euler formulation, it proposes numerous efficient tools in the form of computational algorithms capable of solving the external direct dynamics and the internal inverse dynamics of any locomotion robot considered as a mobile multi-body system. These generic tools can help the engineers or researchers in the design, control and motion planning of manipulators as well as locomotion robots with a large number of internal degrees of freedom. The efficient algorithms are proposed for discrete and continuous robots. These methodological tools are applied to numerous illustrative examples taken from the bio-inspired robotics such as snake-like robots, caterpillars, and others like snake-board, etc.

Text in English / The southern Appalachian mountain region is home to a sincere group of religious fundamentalists. They obey Jesus' last command that serpents should be taken up (Mark 16:17-18). They believe the Holy Ghost anoints them and gives them the power to handle serpents, drink poisons, handle fire, and to heal the sick. Nevertheless, they are fully aware that they may be bitten and may even die. Each church is autonomous. / Religious Studies and Arabic / M.A. (Religious Studies)

In this dissertation I examine the role played by the ancient Near Eastern serpent in apotropaic and prophylactic magic. Within this realm the serpent appears in roles in healing and protection where magic is often employed. The possibility of positive and negative roles is investigated. The study is confined to the Bronze Age in ancient Egypt, Mesopotamia and Syria-Palestine. The serpents, serpent deities and deities with ophidian aspects and associations are described. By examining these serpents and deities and their roles it is possible to incorporate a comparative element into his study on an intra- and inter-regional basis. In order to accumulate information for this study I have utilised textual and pictorial evidence, as well as artefacts (such as jewellery, pottery and other amulets) bearing serpent motifs. / Old Testament & Ancient Near Eastern Studies / M.A. (Ancient Near Eastern Studies)

Text in English / The southern Appalachian mountain region is home to a sincere group of religious fundamentalists. They obey Jesus' last command that serpents should be taken up (Mark 16:17-18). They believe the Holy Ghost anoints them and gives them the power to handle serpents, drink poisons, handle fire, and to heal the sick. Nevertheless, they are fully aware that they may be bitten and may even die. Each church is autonomous. / Religious Studies and Arabic / M.A. (Religious Studies)

In this dissertation I examine the role played by the ancient Near Eastern serpent in apotropaic and prophylactic magic. Within this realm the serpent appears in roles in healing and protection where magic is often employed. The possibility of positive and negative roles is investigated. The study is confined to the Bronze Age in ancient Egypt, Mesopotamia and Syria-Palestine. The serpents, serpent deities and deities with ophidian aspects and associations are described. By examining these serpents and deities and their roles it is possible to incorporate a comparative element into his study on an intra- and inter-regional basis. In order to accumulate information for this study I have utilised textual and pictorial evidence, as well as artefacts (such as jewellery, pottery and other amulets) bearing serpent motifs. / Biblical and Ancient Studies / M.A. (Ancient Near Eastern Studies)