Saflufenacil is a new herbicide for broadleaf weed control. Limited information is available for crop tolerance, weed control and herbicide behavior in the rice environment. Studies were designed to 1 and 2) evaluate rice tolerance and weed control to saflufenacil in combination with clomazone and imazethapyr; 3) evaluate the absorption and translocation of imazethapyr and saflufenacil in weed species 4) assess saflufenacil degradation and persistence in soils; and 5) investigate the use of reference compounds during the determination of pesticide adsorption (Kd). None or minimal rice injury was observed from preemergence (PRE) application of saflufenacil. Intense injury (68%) was noted with combinations of clomazone (505 g ha-1) applied PRE and saflufenacil (50 g ha-1) applied postemergence (POST). Similarly, rice injury up to 83% was observed in earlier evaluations when saflufenacil was applied POST with imazethapyr. However, subsequent evaluations indicated rice recovery from herbicide treatments. Combination of saflufenacil with imazethapyr resulted in hemp sesbania control ≥ 88% and red rice control of 100%. Rice yield was not adversely altered by the herbicide treatments used in the clomazone and imazethapyr weed control programs. Imazethapyr plus saflufenacil provided a greater uptake (30%) and translocation (35%) of 14C-imazethapyr than imazethapyr alone in the TX4 red rice. Absorption of 14C-saflufenacil ranged from approximately 40 to 60% in hemp sesbania plants. At 12 and 24 hours after treatment a greater percentage of the absorbed saflufenacil was quantified above the treated leaf at the two lower light intensities. Similar trends were observed for basipetal movement of saflufenacil. An accelerated solvent extraction method was developed to extract saflufenacil from soil. Half-life averaged among soils was 59 and 33 days for saturated and field capacity, respectively. Saflufenacil persistence in the environment was 2 to 3 times longer under flooded conditions for most of the studied soils. Adsorption values were affected by soil to solution ratios, particularly when the soil-pesticide interaction resulted in Kd values > than 2 mL g-1. The use of reference compounds during Kd estimation allowed for calculation of a conceptual adsorption window generating a more comprehensive set of data with alternatives for comparison of soils and methods.

The dissertation investigates the issues of image authentication and tamper localization after general image processing operations – blurring, sharpening, rotation and JPEG compression. The dissertation consists of four parts including Introduction, 4 chapters, Conclusions, References. The introduction reveals the investigated problem, importance of the thesis and the object of research and describes the purpose and tasks of the paper, research methodology, scientific novelty, the practical significance of results examined in the paper and defended statements. The introduction ends in presenting the author’s publications on the subject of the defended dissertation, offering the material of made presentations in conferences and defining the structure of the dissertation. Chapter 1 revises used literature, analyzes competitive methods. The devastating effect of blur/sharpen methods on digital image matrices is shown. General pixel-wise tamper localization methods are completely inefficient after such casual processing. Block-wise methods demonstrate some resistance against blurring/sharpening, but no tamper localization with the resolution of up to one pixel is possible. There is clearly a need for a method, able to locate damaged pixels despite general image processing operations such as blurring or sharpening. Chapter 2 defines theoretical foundation for the proposed method. It is shown that phase of Fourier transform demonstrates invariance against blurring or sharpening... [to full text] / Disertacijoje nagrinėjamos atvaizdų apsaugos – autentiškumo užtikrinimo ir pažeidimų radimo, po bendrųjų vaizdo apdorojimo procedūrų – blukinimo, ryškinimo, pasukimo ar JPEG suspaudimo – problemos. Disertaciją sudaro įvadas, keturi skyriai, rezultatų apibendrinimas, naudotos literatūros ir autoriaus publikacijų disertacijos tema sąrašai. Įvadiniame skyriuje aptariama tiriamoji problema, darbo aktualumas, aprašomas tyrimų objektas, formuluojamas darbo tikslas bei uždaviniai, aprašoma tyrimų metodika, darbo mokslinis naujumas, darbo rezultatų praktinė reikšmė, ginamieji teiginiai. Įvado pabaigoje pristatomos disertacijos tema autoriaus paskelbtos publikacijos ir pranešimai konferencijose bei disertacijos struktūra. Pirmasis skyrius skirtas literatūros apžvalgai. Jame pateikta konkuruojančių metodų apžvalga. Parodomas globalus blukinimo/ryškinimo operacijų poveikis atvaizdo skaitmeninėms matricoms. Išsiaiškinama kodėl pikselių tikslumo metodai nėra atsparūs tokiam poveikiui. Kodėl blokiniai metodai demonstruoja dalinį atsparumą – bet jie nėra pajėgūs surasti vieno pažeisto pikselio. Parodomas aiškus poreikis metodo, tiek galinčio rasti pažeistus pikselius, tiek atsparaus bendroms vaizdo apdorojimo procedūroms, tokioms kaip blukinimas ar aštrinimas. Antrajame skyriuje pateiktas sukurto metodo teorinis pagrindimas. Įrodoma, kad Furjė fazė pasižymi atsparumu blukinimui ir ryškinimui. Tačiau iškyla sekanti problema dėl to, kad Furjė fazėje neįmanoma rasti konkretaus pikselio –... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]