by Janet Kwai-yu Cheung. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1992. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 130-106). / ABSTRACT --- p.1 / ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS --- p.4 / TABLE OF CONTENTS --- p.5 / LIST OF TABLES --- p.7 / LIST OF FIGURES --- p.9 / Chapter CHAPTER 1 --- GENERAL INTRODUCTION --- p.11 / Chapter CHAPTER 2 --- LITERATURE REVIEW / Chapter 2.1 --- Toxicity of heavy metals to crustaceans --- p.13 / Chapter 2.2 --- Heavy metal pollution in Hong Kong waters --- p.20 / Chapter 2.3 --- Copper: its nature and occurrence --- p.27 / Chapter 2.4 --- General biology of Metapenaeus ensis --- p.32 / Chapter CHAPTER 3 --- ACUTE AND CHRONIC TOXICITY OF COPPER TO METAPENAEUS ENSIS / Chapter 3.1 --- Introduction --- p.39 / Chapter 3.2 --- Materials and Methods --- p.39 / Chapter 3.3 --- Results --- p.45 / Chapter 3.4 --- Discussion --- p.68 / Chapter CHAPTER 4 --- SUBLETHAL EFFECTS OF COPPER TO METAPENAEUS ENSIS / Chapter 4.1 --- Introduction --- p.76 / Chapter 4.2 --- Materials and Methods --- p.76 / Chapter 4.3 --- Results --- p.82 / Chapter 4.4 --- Discussion --- p.96 / Chapter CHAPTER 5 --- GENERAL CONCLUSIONS --- p.101 / REFERENCES --- p.103

[Truncated abstract] I have evaluated the effects of different types of ephemeral pools on the evolutionary dynamics of two large branchiopods in Australia, the clam shrimp Lynceus and the fairy shrimp Branchinella longirostris. Both shrimps are passive dispersers, relying on their sexually produced resting eggs for continuity of populations in time and space, although their actual dispersal ability remains speculative. The two currently recognised species of the genus Lynceus (L. tatei and L. macleyanus) are widespread across Australia, and they occupy a wide range of ephemeral fresh water habitats, while the fairy shrimp Branchinella longirostris is endemic to rock pools on granite outcrops in south-western Australia. Samples of populations were collected from a total of 96 ephemeral pools at 80 locations in New South Wales, Northern Territory, Queensland, South Australia and Western Australia . . . This highlighted the contrast between the two species and their microhabitats, and implied that these microhabitats offered different opportunities for dispersal. These were identified as frequent disturbances of the clam shrimp’s egg-banks due to ‘wash-out’ effects during heavy rains and animal and human vectors attracted by the water stored in the deep pools. My comparative study shows that the difference in evolutionary dynamics observed between the two species was a consequence of their environmental interactions rather than of the microhabitats themselves. Similar to patterns detected in other passive dispersers with disjunct population distribution, evolutionary dynamics in Lynceus and B. longirostris seem to be a result of complex interactions among gene flow, population histories and ecology of their habitat. The results contribute to the emerging evidence that branchiopod crustaceans are poor dispersers and highlight the importance of local context in determining evolutionary processes within species.

published_or_final_version / abstract / Zoology / Master / Master of Philosophy

Orientador: Wagner Cotroni Valenti / Resumo: A freqüência de aceitação de alimento (FAA) por larvas de M. rosenbergii foi utilizada como medida para determinar o tamanho de partícula e o tipo de alimento mais adequados para cada estágio de desenvolvimento. Foram testados quatro classes de tamanho de partículas (250-425; 425-710; 710-1000 e 1000-1190 mm) de dois tipos de ração (seca e úmida). Verificou-se também a freqüência de aceitação das duas rações e de náuplios de Artemia em cada estágio larval. A freqüência de aceitação foi obtida pela avaliação qualitativa da ingestão de cada alimento pelas larvas por meio da observação do trato digestório das mesmas sob estereomicroscópio. Não houve relação significativa (P < 0,01) entre o tamanho das partículas na freqüência de aceitação das rações pelas larvas no decorrer do desenvolvimento. Náuplios de Artemia foram significativamente mais ingeridos por larvas entre os estágios II e VII; aceitação similar para a ração úmida e seca foi obtida a partir dos estágios VII e IX, respectivamente. Verificou-se que o alimento inerte foi capturado e ingerido por mais de 50% das larvas apenas a partir dos estágios VII (ração úmida) e VIII (ração seca). Nossos resultados indicam que a complementação da dieta com alimento inerte deve se iniciar a partir do estágio VII / The functional response (relationship between ingestion rate and food concentration) was determined for each larval stage of Macrobrachium rosenbergii. Artemia nauplii were supplied at six different densities: 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 and 12 ind/mL. The nauplii were counted manually using a Pasteur pipette and placed in Petri dishes containing 40 mL of brackish water (12‰). A single Macrobrachium rosenbergii larvae was placed in each Petri dish and after 24 hours the leftover nauplii were counted. Daily average ingestion rate by larva was calculated for each zoeal stage. Consumption pattern was defined by the model I = Im(1-e-kP). Ingestion rate increased with food density in the medium. The best relationship between predator and prey seemed to occur during stages IV and V. The high values for maximum ingestion (Im) and the low values for constant k obtained in the last larval stages indicate the necessity of supplementary diet during the final stages of development / Doutor

Lee, Yuen Shan. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2007. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 81-102). / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / Abstract --- p.i / Acknowledgements --- p.iv / Table of contents --- p.vi / List of Figures --- p.ix / List of Abbreviations --- p.xi / Chapter Chapter 1. --- General introduction --- p.1 / Chapter Chapter 2. --- Literature review / Chapter 2.1 --- History of food allergy research --- p.3 / Chapter 2.2 --- Prevalence of food allergy --- p.4 / Chapter 2.3 --- Clinical symptoms of food allergy --- p.6 / Chapter 2.4 --- Mechanism of food allergy --- p.6 / Chapter 2.4.1 --- Properties of food allergens --- p.7 / Chapter 2.4.2 --- Exposures to food allergens in the gastrointestinal tract --- p.8 / Chapter 2.4.3 --- Oral tolerance and its relationship to food allergy --- p.9 / Chapter 2.4.4 --- Cellular mechanism of food allergy --- p.13 / Chapter 2.5 --- Studies on seafood allergies and allergens --- p.17 / Chapter 2.6 --- Use of animal models in the study of food allergy --- p.22 / Chapter 2.6.1 --- Selection of species and strain for developing animal models --- p.22 / Chapter 2.6.2 --- Parameters of sensitization protocol --- p.25 / Chapter 2.6.3 --- Lessons from animal models --- p.27 / Chapter 2.6.3.1 --- Investigations on pathogenesis of food allergy --- p.27 / Chapter 2.6.3.2 --- Studies on development of therapeutic strategies --- p.28 / Chapter Chapter 3. --- Characterization of hypersensitive responses to recombinant shrimp tropomyosin in mice / Chapter 3.1 --- Introduction --- p.30 / Chapter 3.2 --- Materials and Methods / Chapter 3.2.1 --- Preparation of the recombinant shrimp tropomyosin / Chapter 3.2.1.1 --- Expression of the recombinant shrimp tropomyosin --- p.32 / Chapter 3.2.1.2 --- Extraction and purification of the recombinant protein under native condition --- p.32 / Chapter 3.2.1.3 --- Sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) --- p.33 / Chapter 3.2.1.4 --- Quantification of the recombinant protein and detection of level of endotoxin in the protein --- p.34 / Chapter 3.2.2 --- Characterization of hypersensitive responsesin mice / Chapter 3.2.2.1 --- Mice --- p.37 / Chapter 3.2.2.2 --- Sensitization and challenge of mice --- p.37 / Chapter 3.2.2.3 --- Assessment of systemic anaphylaxis responses --- p.38 / Chapter 3.2.2.4 --- Detection of shrimp tropomyosin specific IgE level --- p.39 / Chapter 3.2.2.5 --- Passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA) test --- p.40 / Chapter 3.2.2.6 --- In vitro proliferation assay under stimulation of shrimp tropomyosin --- p.40 / Chapter 3.2.2.7 --- Cytokine profile of splenocytes --- p.42 / Chapter 3.2.2.8 --- Histological examination of small intestine --- p.44 / Chapter 3.2.2.9 --- Statistical analysis --- p.45 / Chapter 3.3 --- Results / Chapter 3.3.1 --- Preparation of the recombinant shrimp tropomyosin --- p.47 / Chapter 3.3.2 --- Induction of systemic anaphylaxis responses after challenge --- p.48 / Chapter 3.3.3 --- Elevated level of shrimp tropomyosin specific IgE --- p.49 / Chapter 3.3.4 --- Passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA) reactions --- p.50 / Chapter 3.3.5 --- Proliferation response of splenocytes under in vitro stimulation --- p.54 / Chapter 3.3.6 --- Cytokine profiles of restimulated splenocytes --- p.58 / Chapter 3.3.7 --- Histology of small intestine --- p.65 / Chapter 3.4 --- Discussion --- p.68 / Chapter Chapter 4. --- General conclusion --- p.78 / References --- p.81

Thesis (M.S.)--Mississippi State University. Department of Food Science Nutrition and Health Promotion. / Title from title screen. Includes bibliographical references.

published_or_final_version / abstract / Zoology / Master / Master of Philosophy

Diss. (sammanfattning) Uppsala : Sveriges lantbruksuniversitet, 2005. / Härtill 4 uppsatser.

Thesis (M. Phil.)--University of Hong Kong, 1999. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 104-118).

Thesis (M. Phil.)--University of Hong Kong, 2006. / Title proper from title frame. Also available in printed format.