Thesis--Kiel. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (p. 244-247).

Thesis--Münster. / Vita. Bibliographical footnotes.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Iowa, 1939.

Esta tese investiga a aemulatio empregada na construção das personagens heroicas da epopeia Punica, de Sílio Itálico. As trajetórias de Aníbal e Cipião Africano, os grandes protagonistas do poema, são construídas frequentemente com alusões ao Eneias virgiliano, num jogo de imitação também próximo daquele utilizado por Virgílio ao fazer do Aquiles homérico um modelo para duas personagens antagonistas, sendo que o verdadeiro imitador evolui ao longo de sua jornada: Cipião Africano que, embora se destaque somente nos últimos livros, reúne qualidades dos generais romanos anteriores, sintetizando virtudes republicanas e a força militar do Império. Destacam-se ainda no jogo alusivo de Sílio os modelos de Hércules e Aquiles, figuras estas também latentes no modelo do Eneias virgiliano. / The present thesis investigates the aemulatio engaged in the construction of the heroic characters of Silius Italicus Punica. The trajectories of Hannibal and Scipio African, the protagonists, are often constructed with allusions to the virgilian Aeneas, in an allusive plot close to that used by Virgil when he did homeric Achilles a model for two antagonistic characters, and did his hero develop throughout his journey: Scipio African is who gathers qualities of the previous Roman generals, synthesizing republican virtues and the military force of the Empire.The paradigms of Hercules and Achilles are also very relevant in the allusive game proposed by Silius, both latent figures of Virgils Aeneas model.

Esta tese investiga a aemulatio empregada na construção das personagens heroicas da epopeia Punica, de Sílio Itálico. As trajetórias de Aníbal e Cipião Africano, os grandes protagonistas do poema, são construídas frequentemente com alusões ao Eneias virgiliano, num jogo de imitação também próximo daquele utilizado por Virgílio ao fazer do Aquiles homérico um modelo para duas personagens antagonistas, sendo que o verdadeiro imitador evolui ao longo de sua jornada: Cipião Africano que, embora se destaque somente nos últimos livros, reúne qualidades dos generais romanos anteriores, sintetizando virtudes republicanas e a força militar do Império. Destacam-se ainda no jogo alusivo de Sílio os modelos de Hércules e Aquiles, figuras estas também latentes no modelo do Eneias virgiliano. / The present thesis investigates the aemulatio engaged in the construction of the heroic characters of Silius Italicus Punica. The trajectories of Hannibal and Scipio African, the protagonists, are often constructed with allusions to the virgilian Aeneas, in an allusive plot close to that used by Virgil when he did homeric Achilles a model for two antagonistic characters, and did his hero develop throughout his journey: Scipio African is who gathers qualities of the previous Roman generals, synthesizing republican virtues and the military force of the Empire.The paradigms of Hercules and Achilles are also very relevant in the allusive game proposed by Silius, both latent figures of Virgils Aeneas model.

Preface: The scope of the commentary is limited. I have been concerned with establishing the diction of Silius in Book 11. I have shown which words are confined to epic, which words are poetic and which words are prosaic. I have not attempted to establish whether there is a correlation between Silius' use of 'poetic' and' prosaic' words and the content of what he is saying. But I have noticed that Silius frequently uses prosaic words when he is following Livy or some other historical source. In other cases, Silius may be using prosaic words because of his own training as an orator. He is clearly indebted to Cicero. Nor have I attempted to establish whether there is any particular effect when Silius uses a'poetic' or 'prosaic' word or phrase or construction. I have been influenced by considerations of length and also by the fact that I believe any such attempted interpretation, although it might produce valuable results, would of necessity be much more subjective than what I have actually done. I leave any such interpretation to future researchers of Silius.

Habilitationsschrift--Tübingen. / Bibliography: p. [215]-237.

Ce travail vise à préciser l’importance que Silius Italicus donne dans ses Punica au personnage d’Hannibal. Il repose sur une étude comparée entre le poème et les différents textes latins et grecs à notre disposition sur le chef carthaginois. Les intertextes avec les épopées antérieures sont aussi sollicités, car Silius s’en inspire pour créer un Hannibal épique, propre aux Punica.L’Hannibal de Silius se distingue d’abord par son portrait dans l’ensemble de l’épopée : le poète nuance voire efface les défauts que la tradition historiographique attribue au Carthaginois, tandis qu’il en souligne les qualités en recourant en particulier aux topoi épiques. Silius fait également du chef le porteur de motivations et d’enjeux multiples qui le présentent comme le personnage majeur des Punica.Hannibal joue par ailleurs un rôle décisif dans la révélation progressive de la grandeur de Rome. Il constitue un véritable faire-valoir pour les Romains et se révèle le premier témoin du renouveau de Rome : c’est par rapport à lui, mais aussi à travers ses prises de conscience, que le redressement romain s’exprime au cours du poème. Enfin, Silius grandit le personnage d’Hannibal en lui faisant mener bien plus que la deuxième guerre punique : le chef entreprend une guerre titanesque contre les dieux ; il appelle en outre à une continuation du conflit au-delà de l’épopée. Entre réhabilitation et revalorisation, la vision d’Hannibal dans les Punica témoigne donc d’une innovation certaine de la part de Silius Italicus au sein de la tradition ancienne sur le personnage : le Carthaginois, qui fut pourtant l’un des plus féroces ennemis de Rome, y devient véritablement un héros épique. / The aim of the author is to clarify the importance that Silius gives in his Punica to the character Hannibal. This work is based on a comparative study between the poem and the different latin and greek texts that we have about the Carthaginian chief. The intertexts with the former epics are also questioned, since Silius draws his inspiration from them to create an epic Hannibal, specific to the Punica.The Silius’ Hannibal can first be distinguished by his portrait in the whole epic : the poet nuances, indeed erases the defects that the historiographical tradition imputes to the Carthaginian, whereas he emphasizes his qualities, in particular by using epic topoi. Silius also portrays the chief as the one who stands for numerous motivations and stakes, which present him as the main character of the Punica.Moreover Hannibal plays a decisive part in the progressive revelation of Rome’s greatness. He serves as a real foil to the Romans and shows himself as the first witness of Rome’s renewal : the Roman recovery expresses itself, during the epic, in comparison to him, but also through his realization of it.Lastly, Silius increases Hannibal’s stature, by making him rule more than the second Punic war : the Carthaginian starts a titanic war against the gods ; he also calls for a continuation of the conflict, beyond the epic.Between rehabilitation and enhancement, the presentation of Hannibal in the Punica shows an undeniable innovation from Silius Italicus within the ancient tradition about the Carthaginian : Hannibal, who was yet one of Rome’s most fierce enemies, truly becomes an epic hero.

Thesis (Ph.D.) - University of St Andrews, September 2008.

Habilitationsschrift--Tübingen. / Bibliography: p. [215]-237.