South Africa implemented a simplified Turnover Tax system with effect from the commencement of years of assessment 1 March 2009 in order to help improve the culture of tax compliance. To date the number of applicants has not been significant and a potential reason for this is that it is not fair. Fairness and equality within a tax system is important in order to discourage evasion. The purpose of this research is to explore the perceived fairness of the current Turnover Tax system. Using the principles of a fair tax system as advanced by Adam Smith (1776) a correspondence survey was issued to identify whether the Turnover Tax principles enhance or undermine fairness. The criticisms and provisions of the Sixth Schedule to the Income Tax Act No. 58 of 1962 were investigated to determine whether Adam Smith’s (1776) maxims are promoted or undermined and in turn whether they are perceived as being fair or not. Based on the responses and analysis of the survey, it was deduced that the Turnover Tax system is not being perceived as completely fair. As a result changes need to be implemented to in order to improve the overall compliance and effectiveness of the tax.

Выпускная квалификационная работа (магистерская диссертация) посвящена исследованию контрольной деятельности ФНС за исчислением и взиманием налогов при упрощенной системе налогообложения. Предметом исследования выступают экономические отношения, возникающие в процессе контроля налоговых органов за исчислением и уплатой налогов при применении упрощенной системы налогообложения. Целью магистерской диссертации является анализ контрольной работы ИФНС по Верх-Исетскому району г. Екатеринбурга за исчислением и полнотой уплаты налогов при применении упрощенной системы налогообложения (далее – УСН) и разработка рекомендаций, направленные на решение выявленных проблем. В заключении обозначены рекомендации, по увеличению эффективности налогового контроля за исчислением и полнотой уплаты налогов, при применении упрощенной системы налогообложения. / Final qualifying work (master's thesis) is devoted to the study of control activities of the Federal tax service for the calculation and collection of taxes under the simplified tax system. The subject of the study are the economic relations arising in the process of control of the tax authorities for the calculation and payment of taxes in the application of the simplified tax system. The purpose of the master's thesis is to analyze the control work of the IFNS in the Upper Iset district of Yekaterinburg for the calculation and completeness of tax payment in the application of the simplified tax system (hereinafter-STS) and develop recommendations aimed at solving the identified problems. In conclusion, the recommendations to increase the efficiency of tax control over the calculation and completeness of tax payment, the application of a simplified tax system.

This study compared the turnover tax and small business corporation tax systems in South Africa as applicable to micro and small businesses. Misinformed perceptions of the turnover tax system were the motivation for this study. A three phase approach was adopted to conduct this study, the phases being literature review, in-depth face-to-face interviews and quantitative analysis of financial statements which are referred to as case studies. The tax liability was calculated for each of the thirty cases and thereafter a comparative analysis was performed to establish the most beneficial tax system for each case study. The findings for year one revealed that the small business corporation tax system was the most beneficial tax system for fifteen of the thirty cases and turnover tax for the other fifteen cases. Over an average of five years, fourteen cases benefited from the small business corporation tax system and sixteen from turnover tax. There were a number of significant reasons why the above mentioned tax systems were appropriate for each of the thirty cases, one of which being, the type of business or industry where the case is located. The information obtained from this study could inform small and micro businesses about the most appropriate and beneficial tax system for their businesses. In addition the information emanating from this study could be used by tax practitioners to advise their clients on the most appropriate tax system for their businesses. Lastly, the results of this study could contribute to the debate around legislation for small and micro businesses. / Taxation / M. Com. (Accounting)

This study compared the turnover tax and small business corporation tax systems in South Africa as applicable to micro and small businesses. Misinformed perceptions of the turnover tax system were the motivation for this study. A three phase approach was adopted to conduct this study, the phases being literature review, in-depth face-to-face interviews and quantitative analysis of financial statements which are referred to as case studies. The tax liability was calculated for each of the thirty cases and thereafter a comparative analysis was performed to establish the most beneficial tax system for each case study. The findings for year one revealed that the small business corporation tax system was the most beneficial tax system for fifteen of the thirty cases and turnover tax for the other fifteen cases. Over an average of five years, fourteen cases benefited from the small business corporation tax system and sixteen from turnover tax. There were a number of significant reasons why the above mentioned tax systems were appropriate for each of the thirty cases, one of which being, the type of business or industry where the case is located. The information obtained from this study could inform small and micro businesses about the most appropriate and beneficial tax system for their businesses. In addition the information emanating from this study could be used by tax practitioners to advise their clients on the most appropriate tax system for their businesses. Lastly, the results of this study could contribute to the debate around legislation for small and micro businesses. / Taxation / M. Com. (Accounting)

Малый бизнес играет существенную роль в развитии и формировании стабильной рыночной структуры государства, а также участвует в развитии экономического сектора. Развитие производства малого и среднего предпринимательства создает благоприятные условия для оздоровления экономики. Оптимизация налогообложения является важным фактором, который повышает эффективность деятельности предприятия, особенно для малых предприятий, поскольку уплата значительных сумм налогов снижают возможность малых предприятий на рынке конкурировать с крупными предприятиями. Упрощенная система налогообложения для субъектов малого предпринимательства значительно упрощает работу налогоплательщиков, одновременно уменьшая налоговое бремя, что способствует развитию среднего и малого бизнеса, уровень развития которого определяет уровень развития экономики страны в целом. На основе систематизации организационно-методических подходов к учету на малых предприятиях в зависимости от применяемого налогового режима сформирована упрощенная методика анализа хозяйственной деятельности для субъектов малого бизнеса. Разработаны направления развития информационного обеспечения анализа хозяйственной деятельности на малых предприятиях позволяющие учитывать условия функционирования предприятий малого бизнеса РФ. / Small business plays a significant role in the development and formation of a stable market structure of the state, as well as participates in the development of the economic sector. The development of small and medium-sized enterprises creates favorable conditions for economic recovery. Tax optimization is an important factor that improves the efficiency of the enterprise, especially for small businesses, because the payment of large amounts of taxes reduce the ability of small businesses to compete with large enterprises in the market. The simplified tax system for small businesses greatly simplifies the work of taxpayers, while reducing the tax burden, which contributes to the development of small and medium businesses, the level of development of which determines the level of development of the economy as a whole. On the basis of systematization of organizational and methodological approaches to accounting in small enterprises, depending on the tax regime, a simplified method of analysis of economic activity for small businesses is formed. Directions of development of information support of the analysis of economic activity at small enterprises allowing to consider conditions of functioning of the enterprises of small business of the Russian Federation are developed.