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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Crescimento urbano e seus impactos no sistema de drenagem de uma bacia em Natal/RN / Urban growth and its impacts on drainage system of a basin in Natal/RN

Gurgel, Ge?rgia Moreira 22 February 2016 (has links)
Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2016-08-16T20:39:14Z No. of bitstreams: 1 GeorgiaMoreiraGurgel_DISSERT.pdf: 12815990 bytes, checksum: 923ea7cc1d7d815f0404b42cfcd4f2c8 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-08-18T23:27:26Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 GeorgiaMoreiraGurgel_DISSERT.pdf: 12815990 bytes, checksum: 923ea7cc1d7d815f0404b42cfcd4f2c8 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-18T23:27:26Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 GeorgiaMoreiraGurgel_DISSERT.pdf: 12815990 bytes, checksum: 923ea7cc1d7d815f0404b42cfcd4f2c8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-02-22 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (CAPES) / O crescimento desordenado da maioria das cidades brasileiras n?o ?, de forma planejada, acompanhado pelo desenvolvimento da infraestrutura urbana. Com o aumento da impermeabiliza??o do solo, do escoamento superficial e a diminui??o do volume infiltrado, impactos sobre os recursos h?dricos e sobre a popula??o das ?reas afetadas pelo crescimento urbano s?o inevit?veis. Este trabalho tem como objetivo avaliar o uso e ocupa??o do solo de uma bacia e analisar o sistema de drenagem, de forma a controlar os impactos por meio de medidas que integrem o desenvolvimento urbano com a drenagem das ?guas pluviais em uma importante bacia na cidade de Natal/RN. O estudo envolveu a caracteriza??o da bacia XII.4, sobre o uso e ocupa??o do solo, referente aos anos de 2005 e 2014. Com a aplica??o do modelo SWMM foi poss?vel analisar os impactos causados pelo processo de urbaniza??o no sistema de drenagem existente, mostrando que os dois anos analisados encontram- se com suas ?reas muito pr?ximas do estado de satura??o, em termos de porcentagem de ?reas imperme?veis. Apesar da regi?o ainda ser predominantemente residencial unifamiliar, sofre crescente verticaliza??o, principalmente de edif?cios comerciais. Sobre o sistema de drenagem, este se encontra ineficiente para as necessidades da ?rea j? no ano de 2005. O sistema de drenagem tamb?m foi testado para quatro varia??es de uso do solo atrav?s da elabora??o de cen?rios. O cen?rio 1 ? relacionado ao ano de 2014, considerado atual. O cen?rio 2 foi adotada a taxa m?xima de 80% para a ocupa??o do solo, permitida para o munic?pio de Natal. O cen?rio 3 apresenta o estado cr?tico de ocupa??o do solo, estando ? ?rea 100% impermeabilizada. O cen?rio 4 ? aplicado para a exist?ncia de LID( Dispositivo de Baixo Impacto). A an?lise dos cen?rios mostrou que todos indicam defici?ncia em algum ponto do sistema de drenagem em conseq??ncia do alto grau de ocupa??o da ?rea que geram escoamentos superiores a capacidade inicial do sistema. Com o estudo ficou claro que a ado??o de medidas n?o estruturais s?o eficientes na redu??o de alagamentos e no aumento da capacidade do sistema de drenagem. / The uncontrolled growth of most Brazilian cities is not accompanied by the development of urban infrastructure. With increasing soil sealing, runoff and decreased infiltration volume, impacts on water resources and on population of the areas affected by urban growth are inevitable. This study aims to evaluate the use and occupation of a watershed and analyze the drainage system in order to control the impact using tools to integrate urban development with the drainage of rainwater in an important watershed in the Natal City, Rio Grande do Norte State. The study involved the characterization of the basin XII.4 on the land use and occupation, for the years 2005 and 2014. With the application of SWMM model was possible to analyze the impacts caused by the urbanization process in the existing drainage system, showing the two years analyzed have their areas very close to percentage saturation of impervious areas. Although the region is still predominantly single family residential, suffers increasing verticalization of mainly commercial buildings. The drainage system is inefficient for the area's needs by the year 2005. The drainage system was also tested for four variations of land use by developing scenarios. Scenario 1 is related to the year 2014, considered current. Scenario 2 was adopted the maximum rate of 80% for land use, allowed for the Natal City. Scenario 3 gives the critical condition of land use, with the area 100% impervious. Scenario 4 is applied to the existence of LID (Low Impact Device). The scenarios analysis showed that all indicate deficiency at some point of the drainage system as a result of the high degree of occupation of the area that generate higher flows than the initial drainage system capacity. With the study it became clear that the adoption of non-structural tools are effective in reducing flooding and improving the drainage system capacity.

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