Global ETD Search

1	Hypolimnetic Aerators: Predicting Oxygen Transfer and Water Flow Rate Burris, Vickie Lien 22 January 1999 (has links) The objective of this research was to characterize the performance of hypolimnetic aerators with respect to oxygen transfer and water flow rate to allow the development of two comprehensive process models. The oxygen transfer model is the first model that applies discrete-bubble principles to a hypolimnetic aerator, and the water flow rate model is the first that applies an energy balance to this particular type of lake aeration device. Both models use fundamental principles to predict hypolimnetic aerator performance, as opposed to empirical correlations. The models were verified with data collected from a full-scale hypolimnetic aerator installed in Lake Prince, which is a water supply reservoir for the City of Norfolk, Virginia. Water flow rate, gas-phase holdup and dissolved oxygen profiles were measured as a function of air flow rate. The initial bubble size was calculated by the oxygen transfer model using field data. The range of bubble diameters obtained using the model was 2.3-3.1 mm. The Sauter mean diameters of bubbles measured in a laboratory system ranged from 2.7-3.9 mm. The riser and downcomer DO profiles and gas holdups predicted by the model are in close agreement with experimental results. The water flow rate model was fitted to the experimental water velocity by varying the frictional loss coefficient for the air-water separator. An empirical correlation that predicts the loss coefficient as a function of superficial water velocity was obtained. The results of the correlation were similar to those predicted by literature equations developed for external airlift bioreactors. / Master of Science single-bubble model hypolimnetic aerator energy balance
2	INTERFACIAL CHARACTERISTICS AND EBULLIENCE IN AQUEOUS SURFACTANT SOLUTIONS: DYNAMIC SURFACE TENSION AND SINGLE BUBBLE BEHAVIOR SAMPATHKUMAR, SETHURAGHAVAN 27 May 2005 (has links) No description available. Engineering, Mechanical Dynamic Surface Tension Single Bubble Behavior
3	Experimental System Effects on Interfacial Shape and Included Volume in Bubble Growth Studies Wickizer, Gabriel Benjamin 25 September 2012 (has links) No description available. Mechanical Engineering experimental fluid dynamics adiabatic single bubble nucleation and necking capillary flows interfacial profile and aspect ratio flow visualization
4	Développement d'une méthode de pénalisation pour la simulation d'écoulements liquide-bulles / A penalization method for the simulation of bubbly flows Morente, Antoine 31 October 2017 (has links) Ce travail est dédié au développement d'une méthode numérique pour la simulation des écoulements liquide-bulles. La présence des bulles dans l'écoulement visqueux et incompressible est prise en compte via une méthode de pénalisation. Dans cette représentation Euler-Lagrange, les bulles supposées indéformables et parfaitement sphériques sont assimilées à des objets pénalisés interagissant avec le fluide. Une méthode VOF (Volume Of Fluid) est employée pour le suivi de la fonction de phase. Une adaptation de la discrétisation des équations de Navier-Stokes est proposée afin d'imposer la condition de glissement à l'interface entre le liquide et les bulles. Une méthode de couplage entre le mouvement des bulles et l'action du liquide est proposée. La stratégie de validation est la suivante. Dans un premier temps, une série de cas-tests est proposée; les objets pénalisés sont supposés en non-interaction avec le fluide. L'étude permet d'exhiber la convergence et la précision de la méthode numérique. Dans un second temps le couplage est testé via deux types de configurations de validation. Le couplage est d'abord testé en configuration de bulle isolée, pour une bulle en ascension dans un liquide au repos pour les Reynolds Re=17 and Re=71. Les résultats sont comparés avec la théorie établie par la corrélation de Mei pour les bulles sphériques propres décrivant intégralement la dynamique de la bulle. Enfin, des simulations en configurations de nuage de bulles sont présentées, pour des populations mono- et bidisperses dans un domaine entièrement périodique pour des taux de vide s'établissant entre 1% et 15%. Les statistiques fournies par les simulations caractérisant l'agitation induite par les bulles sont comparées à des résultats expérimentaux. Pour les simulations de nuages de bulles bidisperses, de nouveaux résultats sont présentés. / This work is devoted to the development of a numerical method for the simulation of two-phase liquid-bubble flows. We use a volume penalization method to take into account bubbles in viscous incompressible flows. The chosen Euler-Lagrange framework involves spherical and nondeformable bubbles represented as moving penalized obstacles interacting with the fluid. A VOF (Volume Of Fluid) method is used to track the phase function while a discretization of the penalized conservation equations is realized to impose slip conditions at the liquid-bubble interface. A coupling method devised from the penalized momentum equations is proposed. The validation process is set as following. First, the fluid is supposed non-acting on the bubbles; several test-cases are presented; we consider configurations with different penalized obstacles shapes (curved channel, inclined channel), the obstacles are either static or dynamic; in each configuration an analytical solution is known. The results show the compliance and the quality of our numerical closures by exposing the convergence order of the method. In order to verify the accuracy of the coupling method, numerical simulations of a 1mm diameter single bubble rising in a quiescent liquid are performed for Re=17 and Re=71. Results are compared with theory established by using Mei correlation for clean spherical bubbles describing the whole dynamics of the rising bubble. Finally, simulations of bubble swarms, in mono- and bidisperse configurations have been carried out in a fully periodic box with moderate void fractions ranging from 1% to 15%. The statistics provided by the simulations characterizing the bubble-induced agitation are compared to experimental results. For the bidisperse bubble swarm configuration, new results are presented. Mécanique des Fluides Écoulements liquide-bulles Méthode de pénalisation Méthode de Frontières Immergées Bulle isolée Nuage de bulles Fluid Mechanics Bubbly flows Penalization method IBM Method Single bubble Swarm of bubbles
5	Partikelmodellierung der Strukturbildung akustischer Kavitationsblasen in Wechselwirkung mit dem Schalldruckfeld / Particle modeling of acoustic cavitation bubble structure formation and interaction with the acoustic pressure field Koch, Philipp 29 August 2006 (has links) No description available. 530 Physik Mathematics and Computer Science akustische Kavitation Strukturbildung akustische Lichtenbergfigur nichtlineare radiale Blasendynamik Keller-Miksis-Modell Oberflächenstabilität Gasdiffusion Partikelmodellierung primäre und sekundäre Bjerkneskraft Reibungskraft virtuelle Masse Ultraschallfeld Helmholtz-Gleichung stehende Schallfeldmode Resonanzverschiebung Blasen-Flüssigkeits-Gemisch van Wijngaarden-Wellengleichung Einzelblase Vielblasensysteme Hochgeschwindigkeitsaufnahme acoustic cavitation structure formation acoustic Lichtenberg figur nonlinear radial bubble oscillation Keller-Miksis model surface stability gas diffusion particel modeling primary and sekundary Bjerknes force drag force added mass ultrasonic field Helmholtz equation standing wave field resonance shift bubble liquid mixture van Wijngaarden wave equation single bubble multi bubble systems high-speed video observations 33.12 30.20 RHK 000: Ultraschall {Physik: Akustik} RHH 150: Schallausbreitung -reflexion in Flüssigkeiten {Physik: Akustik}

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