Os motores de indução monofásicos necessitam de dois enrolamentos estatóricos para criação de um campo magnético girante: um enrolamento principal e um enrolamento auxiliar. Este último tem o objetivo de criar um campo girante apenas na partida do motor, desligando-se logo em seguida, através de um interruptor centrífugo acoplado ao eixo do rotor da máquina. O objetivo deste trabalho é avaliar a influência das diferentes configurações de enrolamentos sobre as características externas do motor de indução monofásico. Sendo assim, através desta análise, pretende-se verificar se há algum benefício em seu desempenho. Neste trabalho, duas configurações de enrolamentos foram desenvolvidas e testadas em laboratório. Na primeira configuração, o enrolamento principal foi alocado na parte inferior das ranhuras. Na segunda configuração, as posições dos enrolamentos foram invertidas. As duas configurações de enrolamento foram aplicadas a um protótipo de 0,37 kW, quatro pólos. A simulação foi realizada através de um programa computacional de elementos finitos, possibilitando a extração e análise de resultados, com as densidades de fluxo nas duas configurações. Os resultados dos ensaios realizados no protótipo permitiram analisar o comportamento de grandezas como corrente elétrica, torque, potência e rendimento que são apresentados e comparados no final deste trabalho. / The single phase induction motor needs two stator windings to produce the rotating magnetic field: a main winding and an auxiliary winding. The aim of the auxiliary winding is to create the rotating electromagnetic field when the machine is starting and afterwards turned off, generally through a centrifugal switch coupled to the shaft of the machine. The main purpose of this work is to evaluate the influence that the position of the two windings have on the external characteristics of the single phase induction motor. For this purpose, two different kinds of winding configurations were carried out and simulated in a prototype. In the first configuration, the main winding was located in the bottom of the slot. In the second configuration, the positions of the windings were inverted. Performance analysis and computational simulation by Finite Element Method were carried out after the prototype 0.37 kW, four poles was prepared. In this way, through this analysis, improvements on its performance are expected. The electrical quantities such as flux density, electric current, torque, power and efficiency are compared in the end of this document.

Os motores de indução monofásicos necessitam de dois enrolamentos estatóricos para criação de um campo magnético girante: um enrolamento principal e um enrolamento auxiliar. Este último tem o objetivo de criar um campo girante apenas na partida do motor, desligando-se logo em seguida, através de um interruptor centrífugo acoplado ao eixo do rotor da máquina. O objetivo deste trabalho é avaliar a influência das diferentes configurações de enrolamentos sobre as características externas do motor de indução monofásico. Sendo assim, através desta análise, pretende-se verificar se há algum benefício em seu desempenho. Neste trabalho, duas configurações de enrolamentos foram desenvolvidas e testadas em laboratório. Na primeira configuração, o enrolamento principal foi alocado na parte inferior das ranhuras. Na segunda configuração, as posições dos enrolamentos foram invertidas. As duas configurações de enrolamento foram aplicadas a um protótipo de 0,37 kW, quatro pólos. A simulação foi realizada através de um programa computacional de elementos finitos, possibilitando a extração e análise de resultados, com as densidades de fluxo nas duas configurações. Os resultados dos ensaios realizados no protótipo permitiram analisar o comportamento de grandezas como corrente elétrica, torque, potência e rendimento que são apresentados e comparados no final deste trabalho. / The single phase induction motor needs two stator windings to produce the rotating magnetic field: a main winding and an auxiliary winding. The aim of the auxiliary winding is to create the rotating electromagnetic field when the machine is starting and afterwards turned off, generally through a centrifugal switch coupled to the shaft of the machine. The main purpose of this work is to evaluate the influence that the position of the two windings have on the external characteristics of the single phase induction motor. For this purpose, two different kinds of winding configurations were carried out and simulated in a prototype. In the first configuration, the main winding was located in the bottom of the slot. In the second configuration, the positions of the windings were inverted. Performance analysis and computational simulation by Finite Element Method were carried out after the prototype 0.37 kW, four poles was prepared. In this way, through this analysis, improvements on its performance are expected. The electrical quantities such as flux density, electric current, torque, power and efficiency are compared in the end of this document.

Η παρούσα διπλωματική εργασία πραγματεύεται τη μελέτη και κατασκευή ενός μετατροπέα για την οδήγηση ενός μονοφασικού επαγωγικού κινητήρα. Η εργασία αυτή εκπονήθηκε στο Εργαστήριο Ηλεκτρομηχανικής Μετατροπής Ενέργειας του Τμήματος Ηλεκτρολόγων Μηχανικών και Τεχνολογίας Υπολογιστών της Πολυτεχνικής Σχολής του Πανεπιστημίου Πατρών. Σκοπός είναι η μελέτη και κατασκευή ενός τριφασικού αντιστροφέα τάσης για τη λειτουργία και τον έλεγχο των στροφών ενός μονοφασικού επαγωγικού κινητήρα. Αρχικά μελετάται η βασική αρχή λειτουργίας του μονοφασικού επαγωγικού κινητήρα και αναλύονται οι τεχνικές εκκίνησης που χρησιμοποιούνται για σύνδεση του κινητήρα απευθείας στο δίκτυο. Ακόμα παρουσιάζονται τα ισοδύναμα κυκλώματα λειτουργίας του μονοφασικού επαγωγικού κινητήρα, η εξίσωση της ηλεκτρομαγνητικής ροπής του και προσομοιώνεται η λειτουργία του για τη μελέτη της στατικής συμπεριφοράς του. Στη συνέχεια γίνεται μια θεωρητική ανάλυση του κυκλώματος του τριφασικού αντιστροφέα τάσης που κατασκευάστηκε, καθώς και όλων των υπόλοιπων κυκλωμάτων που είναι αναγκαία για τη λειτουργία του. Επιπροσθέτως αναλύεται η μέθοδος παλμοδότησης των διακοπτικών στοιχείων του αντιστροφέα τάσης, που είναι η "Ημιτονοειδής Διαμόρφωση του Εύρους των Παλμών" (SPWM). Στο επόμενο βήμα αναλύονται τα τεχνικά χαρακτηριστικά όλων των κυκλωμάτων που κατασκευάστηκαν, και περιγράφεται ο κώδικας του προγράμματος του μικροελεγκτή, που χρησιμοποιήθηκε για την παραγωγή των παλμών. Τέλος, παραθέτουμε παλμογραφήματα και μετρήσεις που προέκυψαν από τα πειράματα που διενεργήθηκαν μετά την ολοκλήρωση της κατασκευής. / This diploma thesis discourse the analysis and construction of a converter topology for single phase induction motor drives. The project was based in the Laboratory of Electromechanical Energy Conversion of the department of Electrical and Computer Engineering of School Engineering of University of Patras. The objective of this project is the analysis and construction of a three phase voltage inverter to control the speed of a single phase induction motor. The first stage of this work is the study of the basic principle of operation of the single phase induction motor and the analysis of the starting techniques, used for the direct connection to the power grid. The equivalent circuits of the running single phase induction motor and the equation of the electromagnetic torque are also presented in this project. Following, there is a theoretical analysis of the three phase voltage inverter circuit, as well of all the remaining circuit, necessary for its function. Moreover the method of pulse generation for the switching elements of the voltage inverter is analyzed, which is the “Sinusoidal Pulse Width Modulation”. The next step is the analysis of the technical characteristics all of the circuits developed, as well the description of the program code for the microcontroller, used to produce the pulses. Finally oscillograph figures and measurements, occurred from the experiments transacted after the finalization of the construction, are adduced.