Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T13:53:29Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 GabrielARO_DISSERT.pdf: 1143900 bytes, checksum: 8256306f625e33c9e6ce65bec903d081 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-08-27 / The transformations economical, cultural and social that happen in world ambit they are associated to the intense progress and expansion of new technologies, forcing governments, people, companies and nations to the introduction of new patterns of behavior, forcing, in that way, to the continuous renewal of products and technological processes to maintain the competitiveness, so much among nations, as in the managerial world. In that matter, the technological innovation is recognized as basic factor of maintainable economical competitiveness, being the responsible for the breaking and/or improvement of the techniques and production processes, what presupposes the systematization varied institutional arrangements that they involve firms, interaction nets among companies, government agencies, universities, research institutes, laboratories of companies and scientists and engineers activities. Those arrangements, to the if they articulate with the educational system, with the industrial and managerial section and, also, with the financial institutions, they take the form that Freeman (1987) it coined of national system of innovation, promoted through public politics of CT&I, which seek to induce and to support innovative initiatives in the companies, as well as to establish demands and to prioritize vocations and regional potentialities. In that context of government support to the technological innovation interferes this study, that it looked for to know the reasons of the fragility innovative in the pharmaceutical industry of State of Par? in Brazil, pointed for PINTEC (2005), starting from the point of view of the businessmen of that section. For such, the qualitative approach was used - with interviews directing semi and the technique of the content analysis. The results of the research pointed that the fragilities innovative of the section links to the ignorance of the government support to the technological innovation on the part of the businessmen of the pharmaceutical industry of State of Par? in Brazil / As transforma??es econ?micas, culturais e sociais que ocorrem em ?mbito mundial est?o associadas ao intenso avan?o e expans?o de novas tecnologias, for?ando governos, pessoas, empresas e na??es ? introdu??o de novos padr?es de comportamento, obrigando, desse modo, ? renova??o cont?nua de produtos e processos tecnol?gicos para manter a competitividade, tanto entre na??es, como no mundo empresarial. Nesse particular, a inova??o tecnol?gica ? reconhecida como fator b?sico de competitividade econ?mica sustent?vel, sendo a respons?vel pelo rompimento e/ou aperfei?oamento das t?cnicas e processos de produ??o, o que pressup?e a sistematiza??o de variados arranjos institucionais que envolvem firmas, redes de intera??o entre empresas, ag?ncias governamentais, universidades, institutos de pesquisa, laborat?rios de empresas e atividades de cientistas e engenheiros. Esses arranjos, ao se articularem com o sistema educacional, com o setor industrial e empresarial e, tamb?m, com as institui??es financeiras, tomam a forma que Freeman (1987) cunhou de sistema nacional de inova??o, promovido por meio de pol?ticas p?blicas de CT&I, as quais visam induzir e apoiar iniciativas inovadoras nas empresas, como tamb?m estabelecer demandas e priorizar voca??es e potencialidades regionais. Nesse contexto de apoio governamental ? inova??o tecnol?gica se insere este estudo, que buscou conhecer as raz?es da fragilidade inovativa na ind?stria farmac?utica paraense, apontada pela PINTEC 2005, a partir do ponto de vista do empresariado desse setor. Para tal, utilizou-se a abordagem qualitativa - com entrevistas semi diretivas e a t?cnica da an?lise de conte?do. Os resultados da pesquisa apontaram que as fragilidades inovativas do setor se relacionam ao desconhecimento do apoio governamental ? inova??o tecnol?gica por parte do empresariado da ind?stria farmac?utica paraense

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:34:46Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 FrancianeAC_DISSERT.pdf: 1159752 bytes, checksum: 5789ae9b3c2000239de9673924458330 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-10-04 / This Master s Thesis aims to use the theoretical models of growth with restricted balance of payments, specifically Kaldor (1970) and Thirlwall (1979) models, to analyze the behavior and the pattern of specialization of Brazilian exports and imports in the last years. It is observed that, in some periods, the pattern of specialization has contributed in restricting long-term growth of the Brazilian economy. It has been hypothesized that overall this is due to lack of structural transformation policies. To achieve this goal, it analyzed the performance of Brazilian exports and imports disaggregating them according to their technological content. The basis for comparison was a group of countries to which Brazil is inserted in, the BRIC. In this regard, the work is a comparative analysis by using descriptive statistics. It is concluded that the low rate of GDP growth experienced by Brazil since the 1980s can be explained in part by the decoupling of the Brazilian National Innovation System (NIS) and the Brazilian productive structure. This would be reducing the income elasticity of exports and raising imports, causing a pattern of specialization intensive primary commodities and labor and low-skill labor / A presente disserta??o tem como objetivo utilizar o referencial te?rico dos modelos de crescimento com restri??o do balan?o de pagamentos, especificamente os modelos de Kaldor (1970) e Thirlwall (1979), para analisar o comportamento e o padr?o de especializa??o das exporta??es brasileiras nos ?ltimos anos. Observa-se que, em alguns per?odos, o padr?o de especializa??o tem contribu?do na restri??o do crescimento de longo prazo da economia brasileira. Tem-se como hip?tese geral que isto se deve ? insufici?ncia de pol?ticas de transforma??o estrutural. Para atingir tal objetivo, analisou-se o desempenho das exporta??es e importa??es brasileiras desagregando-as de acordo com o seu conte?do tecnol?gico. A base de compara??o foi um grupo de pa?ses o qual o Brasil est? inserido, o BRIC. Neste aspecto, o trabalho consiste numa an?lise comparativa mediante o uso de estat?stica descritiva. Conclui-se que as modestas taxas de crescimento do PIB vivenciadas pelo Brasil desde a d?cada de 1980 podem ser explicadas em parte pelo descolamento entre o Sistema Nacional de Inova??o (SNI) brasileiro e a estrutura produtiva. Isto estaria reduzindo as elasticidades-renda das exporta??es e elevando a das importa??es, ocasionando um padr?o de especializa??o intensivo em commodities prim?rias e em trabalho de baixa qualifica??o