Thesis (Ph.D.)--York University, 2003. Graduate Programme in History. / Typescript. Includes bibliographical references. Also available on the Internet. MODE OF ACCESS via web browser by entering the following URL: http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url%5Fver=Z39.88-2004&res%5Fdat=xri:pqdiss &rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:NQ99219

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:26:36Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2012-08-07Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:47:35Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 dias_ma_me_assis.pdf: 351813 bytes, checksum: edde9a41bfcb260cd371adc92fc249fc (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / O presente trabalho tem como objetivo analisar a visão dos jesuítas a respeito da escravidão africana com base nos escritos dos inacianos André João Antonil, Jorge Benci e Antonio Vieira, que refletiram sobre o assunto em questão à luz da conjuntura colonial do século XVII. Notamos em seus textos uma crítica, não à escravidão em si, mas ao modo como esta se dava na prática, e uma proposta de mudança na forma como os senhores tratavam seus cativos. Reconhecendo a importância da Companhia de Jesus enquanto instituição atuante na América Portuguesa, pretendemos comparar as propostas dos religiosos com a legislação vigente e com a vida no mundo dos engenhos de açúcar, debatendo os limites e possibilidades de interferência de uma instituição religiosa em instituições civis / This paper aims to analyze the vision of the jesuits about african slavery based on the writings of André João Antonil, Jorge Benci and Antonio Vieira, who reflected on the matter in question in light of the colonial situation of the seventeenth century. We noted in their texts a critique, not to slavery itself, but the way it was in this practice, and a proposed change in the way you treated their captives. Recognizing the importance of the Society of Jesus as an institution active in Portuguese America, we intend to compare the proposals of the religious with the law and with life in the world of sugar mills, debating the limits and possibilities of interference from a religious institution in civil institutions

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Despite a progressive constitution lauded as one of the best and most forward-looking in the world, with an advanced Bill of Rights, instances of human rights violations have been detected at all levels of the South African society. The most disturbing revelations have been associated with situations in many farming communities in South Africa. On the basis of a comprehensive nationwide study initiated in June 2001 and documented in 2003, the South African Human Rights Commission (SAHRC) confirmed widespread human rights violations on South African farms. Through the efforts of the South African Human Rights Commission, many of these violations have been brought to the attention of the authorities and there are already numerous actions being taken to contain and possibly eliminate them. Among these is the Child Labour Programme of Action which was adopted in 2003 by the large number of government departments that constitute the stakeholders, particularly those that have responsibility for labour, education, provincial and local government, water services, justice, policing, prosecution, and social development. However, the SAHRC study had limited coverage due to constraints of time and funding and did not pay adequate attention to the former independent homelands. In addition to this significant shortcoming, recent international experience reveals other forms of violations that may not be immediately obvious and therefore go undetected for a very long time. Among these, the International Labour Organization (ILO), together with various non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) and other bodies have drawn attention to existence of what are termed “worst forms of child labour”. The latter involves a wide range of abuses to which under-age individuals are subjected against their will and often exposed to hazards that may leave them permanently excluded from formal educational and economic opportunities. The fact that national definitions differ complicates the situation. As a result, systematic investigation is needed to see to what extent local practices compare with international norms and standards. Similarly, the fact that the former independent homelands were not adequately covered in such an important study that aimed to inform policy on the optimal direction of the transformation process also raises serious questions that must be addressed. This mini-dissertation documents evidence based on a rapid appraisal of farm and non-farm environments in two polar regions of the province, namely the Port St John’s Municipality in the Oliver Tambo District Municipality of the former Transkei homeland and Alice in the Nkonkobe Municipality of the former Ciskei homeland. Descriptive and content analysis methodologies were employed to analyze the data obtained from interviews of employers of labour, the labourers themselves, as well as community members and “bystanders” who had opinions about the insertion of children into the labour market. Correlational analysis and logistic regression were performed to draw inferences about the determinants of child labour in the farming system. The indication is that child labour is an established phenomenon whose discussion is however quite sensitive and elicits a wide range of emotions. The role of socioeconomic factors in influencing the decision to engage child labour seems to be quite extensive. For instance, monthly income of household has important practical implications for national and global policy on the use of child labour are foreseen and form the basis for the recommendations put forward to address the associated concerns.

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<p>This thesis examines the relationship between space and the recognition of African American subjectivity in four African American slave narratives: Frederick Douglass's "Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass" (1845) and "My Bondage and My Freedom" (1855); Harriet Jacobs's "Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl" (1861); and Elizabeth Keckley's "Behind the Scenes, or, Thirty Years a Slave and Four Years in the White House" (1868).</p> <p>Influenced by geographer Edward Soja's examination of social space, I argue that the socio-economic relationship between slave owners and slaves produced slave space. The area where slaves lived and worked, it was concrete evidence of the slave's inferior, non-subject status. Slaves, however, asserted their subjectivity by appropriating, shaping, and escaping the spaces to which they were confined. The slaves' shaping of space included the construction of a "homeplace," a domestic space where slaves could recognize each others' subjectivity. In "Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass", Douglass documented his escape from Southern slave space to Northern free space, where he hoped to be defined as a subject rather than an object. In "My Bondage and My Freedom", however, this recognition is still to be striven for: it was only experienced in Douglass's grandmother's homeplace.</p> <p>As a man, Douglass sought access to, and recognition in, public spaces. Harriet Jacobs, however, defends the African American woman's right to occupy a domestic space maintained by her husband, rather than her master. Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl documents the violation of the slaves' homeplace, key evidence of their non-subject status.</p> <p>Finally, I examine Elizabeth Keckley's post-Civil War narrative, arguing that the seamstress saw her access to the White House as evidence that newly emancipated African Americans would be recognized as subjects in the newly reconstituted republic.</p> / Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)

No / 19 papers presented at the Proceedings of a Prehistoric Society conference at Sheffield University in February 2001. including at number 19: Ambushed by a grotesque: archaeology, slavery and the third paradigm (Tim Taylor).