Out of 60 million Americans suffering from sleep disorder, an estimated 18 million have sleep apnea. According to the U.S. Department of Health & Human Services, sleep apnea is a chronic condition that disrupts a patient’s sleep. While the annual cost of treating sleep apnea patients in the United States is approximately $3.18 billion (including screening costs) it is estimated that untreated sleep apnea may cause $3.4 billion in additional medical costs. A polysomnography (PSG) is an all-night sleep study which monitors various physical functions during sleep including electrical activity of the heart, brain wave patterns, eye movement, muscle tone, body movements, and breathing. It is currently, the most accurate and sophisticated test for the diagnosis of sleep-disordered breathing (SDB), but also, the most expensive. The cost of an overnight sleep study is estimated between $900 and $3,000. In addition, the PSG is not mobile and has to be administered outside a patient’s home. The Long QT Syndrome (LQTS) is a rhythm disorder that causes erratic (unpredictable) heartbeats. The LQTS has been linked to patients with the most severe form of sleep apnea. If LQTS is left untreated, sudden cardiac death may occur. / Includes bibliography. / Dissertation (Ph.D.)--Florida Atlantic University, 2014. / FAU Electronic Theses and Dissertations Collection

Orientador: Rubens Nelson Amaral de Assis Reimão / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciencias Medicas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-12T21:24:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Albertini_FatimaRosana_M.pdf: 2966137 bytes, checksum: 717621ec39fa45a6ee84a55d963bd2a5 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009 / Resumo: : Diagnóstico auxiliar dos Distúrbios Obstrutivos Respiratórios do Sono com telerradiografia em norma lateral em crianças com TDA/H. Os Distúrbios Obstrutivos Respiratórios do Sono (DORS) têm sido associados ao Transtorno de Déficit de Atenção e hiperatividade das crianças com Transtorno de Déficit de Atenção e Hiperatividade (TDAH). O objetivo deste trabalho é utilizar as tele-radiografias norma lateral como auxiliar no diagnóstico das áreas obstruídas das vias aéreas e atresias orofaciais relacionadas aos DORS em manejo interdisciplinar. Métodos: Sujeitos da pesquisa foram diagnosticados pelo Ambulatório de Neuro-Dificuldades de Aprendizagem do Hospital das Clínicas da Universidade Estadual de Campinas. Foram incluídas 23 crianças, 04 (17,39%) meninas e 19 (82,61%) meninos, de 7 à 13 anos (Média 9,65). Foram realizadas duas tomadas radiográficas em cada criança: uma em oclusão dental e outra em Repouso da Mandíbula, para medir menores espaços vazios das vias respiratórias para correlação de Pearson. Em 20 sujeitos, as tonislas faringeas apresentaram porcentagem de 30 à 54%; e nos demais, 3 de 54 à 90%. A correlação de Pearson foi -0,75 para aumento das Tonsilas Faríngeas com o vazio atrésico na nasofaringe alta, isto é, ao aumento das Tonsilas Faríngeas têm se como conseqüência uma diminuição no espaço linear entre a retrofaringe e a parte alta do palato mole, o que dificulta a passagem aérea nasal. (Pearson foi +0,47) com aumento das Tonsilas Faríngeas ocorreu leve aumento do espaço vazio linear entre retrofaringe e o dorso lingual, o qual pode colaborar com a respiração oral. Vinte e uma crianças apresentaram-se com língua de ápice baixo,assim como todo grupo apresentou hipertrofia das Tonsilas Palatinas e atresias dos maxilares, o que colabora com os DORS. Através destes resultados é possível sugerir que a telerradiografia é econômica, não invasiva e facilemtne realizada e é capaz de facilitar o diagnóstico das áreas passíveis de obstrução ligada aos DORS, mediante o manejo interdisciplinar otorrinolaringológico e odontológico quando utilizada em crianças e adolescentes com TDA/H. / Abstract: : Diagnosis of Obstructive Respiratory Sleep Disorders by Standard Lateral Teleradiography in Children with ADHD. Obstructive Respiratory Sleep Disorders (ORSD) have been associated with attention deficit and hyperactivity in children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). This purpose of this work is to use standard lateral teleradiography as an auxiliary in the diagnosis of obstructed areas of the airway passages and orofacial atresias related to ORSD. Methods: The subjects of this research were diagnosed by the Neuro-difficulties Outpatient Teaching Clinic at the Clinical Hospital of Campinas State University, and were referred for inclusion and exclusion. Twenty-three 7 to 13 year-olds (mean age: 9.65) were included, 4 girls (17.39%) and 19 boys (82.61%). Two X-rays were taken of each child, one in dental occlusion and the other at mandibular rest, to measure smaller empty spaces of the airway passages for a Pearson correlation. Results: In 20 subjects, the pharyngeal tonsils showed a volume of 30 to 54%, and among the other subjects, 3 showed 54 to 90%. The Pearson correlation was -0.75 for augmented pharyngeal tonsils with the atresic void in the upper nasopharynx, i.e., the augmented pharyngeal tonsil leads to a reduction of the linear space between the retropharynx and the upper part of the soft palate, which impairs the nasal air passage. A Pearson correlation of +0.47 with augmented pharyngeal tonsils indicated a slight increase in the linear empty space between the retropharynx and the dorsal tongue, which may contribute to oral respiration. Twenty-one children presented low tongue apex and the entire group showed palatine tonsil hypertrophy and maxillary atresia, which contribute to ORSDs. These findings suggest that standard lateral teleradiography is inexpensive, noninvasive, easy to carry out, and can facilitate the diagnosis of areas subject to ORSD-related obstruction by means of interdisciplinary odontological and otorhinolaryngological management when applied to children and adolescents with ADHD. / Mestrado / Saude da Criança e do Adolescente / Mestre em Saude da Criança e do Adolescente