The topic of this dissertation is employee education in the organizations. This work begins with the description of a comprehensive system of training and education of employees in the organizations. Next chapters are devoted to the business education system with focus on conception of learning organizations. The subsection is also focusing on the concept of strategic human resources development. An important chapter of this dissertation is a description of the process of designing the training of employees in the organizations, which includes parts focusing on the identification and analysis of a need of education, planning and implementation of education and its evaluation. In this framework are defined areas such as learning objectives, selected subgroup of learners, forms and methods of educational events, role of personality motivation and trainers. The practical part is devoted to description, analysis and comparison of the selected small organizations in terms of structure and organization of the education system. This chapter is a survey that focuses on the scope of the education system and degree of the satisfaction of workers with education in selected small organizations. The aim of this dissertation in theoretical aspect is to outline the system of training of staff in the...

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / This study aimed to propose a major systematic management costs based on Activity Based costing (ABC) to small organizations providing services to better manage their costs. Defined the systematics, it is developed an organization in a rendering organization advisement informatics, was used in partially for activity "deliver product (system implementation) . There was a need to know the processes, activities and resources involved to be cost drive and calculate the cost of service. It is concluding that systematics based on ABC method is applicable to rendering organizations services small because cost of originate an appropriation more accurate and thus provide information for decision-making. / Este estudo teve como objetivo principal propor uma sistemática de gerenciamento de custos fundamentada no Activity Based Costing (ABC) para as pequenas organizações prestadoras de serviços com o intuito de melhor gerenciar seus custos. Definida a sistemática, desenvolve-se em uma organização prestadora de assessoria e consultoria em informática, foi utilizada parcialmente para a atividade entrega do produto (implantação de sistema) . Houve a necessidade de se conhecer os processos, atividades e os recursos envolvidos para constituir os direcionadores de custos e calcular o custo do serviço. Conclui-se que a sistemática fundamentada no método ABC é aplicável em pequenas organizações prestadoras de serviços pelo fato de originar uma apropriação de custos mais acurada e, com isso, fornecer informações para a tomada de decisões.

Organizations are social systems established to make decisions. Modern organizational decision-making is complex and can easily overwhelm the capacity of individuals. Because of the complexity of multi-person decisions, there is a big risk for uncertainty in decision-making. In recent years, the rise of business intelligence has enabled organizations to base their decisions on data and minimize uncertainty in their decision-making. However, deployment of business intelligence systems is characterized by complexity, making many small and medium-sized organizations fail to use such a system effectively.This thesis aims to identify and describe variables that influence successful use of a business intelligence architecture to support small organizations in making data-based decisions, what small organizations need to become data-driven in decision-making, and what measures small organizations can take to use business intelligence systems efficiently. Eight semi-structured interviews were conducted with professionals from Vasaloppet, a small organization deploying a business intelligence system. The empirical data gathered have been analyzed with a thematic approach. The thematic analysis identified four themes’ Deficiencies in organizational governance, Deficiencies in data management, Perceived workload, and Degree of matching between processes, organization, and strategy. Findings in these themes and underlying codes within these themes revealed problem areas in organizational governance when making decisions. Respondents mentioned challenges with a lack of a decision model, clear business plan, and intra-organizational understanding. When it comes to becoming data-driven, respondents said deficiency of structure for communication, lack of access to data, lack of data in decision-making, general workload, deficiencies in project results, and deficiencies in degree of matching as problematic. Based on the results of this study, guidelines are presented for small organizations to become data-driven in their decision-making.Keywords: Data-driven decision-making, business intelligence, small organizations

Why do organizations adopt information systems? Is it just because of financial reasons, of concerns for efficiency? Or is it due to external pressures, such as competitor pressure, that an organization adopts an information system? And, how does the adoption take place? Is it a linear process, or is the process one of  conflicts? Does a specific person govern this process, or do we have multiple parties involved? What happens if these conflicts occur among those involved? How does the organization move on and achieve a successful information system adoption? By investigating two organizations, one international academic journal and one South American manufacturing company, this thesis aims to investigate the whys and hows of information system adoption, and aims to contribute to the discourse on information system adoptions in small organizations – an often underrepresented segment in information system adoption literature. By adopting different theoretical lenses throughout the five research papers included, this body of work suggests that even when seemingly simple, information system adoptions can become rather complex. The cases reveal that the role of information systems and issues related to information system adoptions are often not well thought-out in the early days of the organization. The actors’ understandings of adoption and consequences mature and the information systems become more intertwined. Common use of stakeholder theory introduces general stakeholders and their interaction with the focal organization. The cases reveal that the adoption process involves multiple actors, even within what would initially appear as a stakeholder, and that those actors can be in conflict with each other. These conflicts often lead to negotiations, and the cases reveal that these negotiations are opportunities of learning; the actors engage with the information system and with each other, gaining new knowledge about the issues at hand. The dissertation argues that there are various social worlds in information system adoptions, and various factors – ranging from organizational structure to social norms – that often affect why and how the organization undergoes an adoption process. The multiple power relations and divergent interests of stakeholders in these adoption processes, and how information systems affect other parts of the organization, reinforce the need for a well thought-out, flexible and reflexive approach to information system adoptions.

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