<p>Utvecklingen inom intelligenta hem med produkter som avser ljud och bild går snabbt framåt. Ett stort problem för konsumenter är att veta vilka produkter som ska köpas för att få de funktioner och egenskaper man är ute efter. Därför måste en vägledning inför inköp göras.</p><p>För att kunna göra en vägledning inför ett inköp har en nulägesanalys av produkter, tekniker och system gjorts. Utifrån insamlad data har jämförelser gjorts med hänsyn till funktioner, egenskaper och pris.</p><p>Resultatet av arbetet blev systemkombinationer där läsaren som konsument ska kunna återfinna sig och på så sätt få en vägledning i ett produktinköp som i sin tur kan leda till en integration.</p><p>Integration av produkter leder till ett intelligent hem där system kommunicerar med varandra för att underlätta för slutanvändaren. Här kan även övriga system som exempelvis el integreras för att få en helhetsintegration.</p> / <p>The development of smart homes with products regarding audio and video is rapidly moving forward. A big problem for consumers is the ability to know what products you need to buy to maximize the experience. A guide needs to be written in order for consumers to make the right choices.</p><p>To do this kind of guidance an analysis of what is latest in the development needed to be done. From this analysis the result is comparison between products was made with aspects such as functions, specifications and price.</p><p>The result of this is a definition of target groups where the reader as a consumer should be able to place him or herself in a group. In that way the guidance can be before a mayor purchase of products or system for smart home integration.</p><p>The integration of products leads to a smart home where systems communicate with each other to ease usage for the end user. In this kind of integration whole house automation can be made regarding electricity for example.</p>

Building smart home environments which automatically or semi-automatically assist and comfort occupants is an important topic in the pervasive computing field, especially with the coming of cheap, easy-to-install sensors. This has given rise to the indispensable need for human activity recognition from ubiquitous sensors whose purpose is to observe and understand what occupants are trying to do from sensory data. The main approach to the problem of human activity recognition is a probabilistic one so as to handle the complication of uncertainty, the overlapping of human behaviours and environmental noise. This thesis develops a probabilistic model as a framework for human activity recognition using multiple multi-modal sensors in complex pervasive environments. The probabilistic model to be developed is adapted and based on the abstract hidden Markov model (AHMM) with one layer to fuse multiple sensors. The concept of factored state representation is employed in the model to parsimoniously represent the state transitions for reducing the number of required parameters. The exact method is used in learning the model’s parameters and performing inference. To be able to incorporate a large number of sensors, several more parsimonious representations including the mixtures of smaller multinomials and sigmoid functions are investigated to model the state transitions, resulting in a reduction of the number of parameters and time required for training. / We examine the approximate variational method to significantly reduce the time required for training the model instead of using the exact method. A system of fixed point equations is derived to iteratively update the free variational parameters. We also present the factored model in the case where all variables are continuous with the use of the conditional Gaussian distribution to model state transitions. The variational method is still employed in this case to speed up the model’s training process. The developed model is implemented and applied in recognizing daily activity in our smart home and the Nokia lab from multiple sensors. The experimental results show that the model is appropriate for fusing multiple sensors in activity recognition with a reasonable recognition performance.

Digital technological breakthroughs have brought about a huge change in the way the society interacts, responds to the immediate environment and the way that people live. Furthermore, Ubiquitous Computing and dirt cheap sensors have created a new paradigm in digital technology where human beings could control their environment in a different approach. In a number of paradigms of digital technology, multiple proprietary solutions in industry results in a huge cost for the end users to use the technology and thus a very sluggish penetration of the technology into the society. Moreover, such unorganized and vendor oriented standards create additional burdens on a person concerned in design and implementation.  This thesis presents existing and emerging technologies in relation to smart home environment having an aim to manifest available open standards and platforms. Smart Home Environment Infrastructures have been presented and discussed. Evaluation and integration of a proprietary elderly care sensor system dubbed   C.STATUSTM and the MediaSense overlay network has also been presented. Performance measurement and comparison has been conducted in relation to the proprietary sensor system running on the top of the peer-to-peer MediaSense Platform with the existing C.STATUSTM centralized sensor system. C.STATUSTM User Interface has been designed and implemented for an Android mobile platform. / smart home environment, Internet of things

The objective of this research is to study smart home network systems and the application of Lab VIEW to develop man machine interface (MMI) so that traditional instrument panels can be replaced with virtual panels to reduce the consumption of hardware resources. For energy efficiency, the focus is on using MATLAB¡¦s fuzzy toolbox as the computing center and applying it to both lighting and air-conditioning systems. This thesis also looks into the use of Lab VIEW¡¦s CGI tools to develop remote monitoring functions as well as embedding the network related syntax into the Web pages. The user not only can use his/her computer equipment, but also their mobile devices (cell phone, PDA, pad, etc.) to link up to the networks and conduct remote monitoring, which enhances convenience and security. Hardware using wired control (PCI, Ethernet) and wireless control (ZigBee) could monitor the information from the components and transmit it to the computer for processing using the aforementioned method, and finally send it to the control end to complete the monitoring process. Choosing ZigBee wireless control is because it is more energy saving and network friendly than other wireless devices.It will have were opportunities to be used in home applications in the future. This thesis also integrates a fuzzy control for the power consumption. Test results show that adding fuzzy control can reduce power consumption. Besides using computers for remote monitoring functions, cell phones and pads were used as well.

Since smart homes will be more and more popular in the future, the needs of finding a friendly, comfortable and smart interface between users and home environments are growing. However, conventional interfaces have reached their limits. So, this paper describes a new concept of interface in a home environment. This work is distinguished by building a separable smart robot. A smart phone is used as a brain, and a robot car is used as a body. With the system, people will be allowed to carry the robot's brain when they are out of their home. In this case, the brain can not only be a normal smart phone, but also can monitor parameters such as the temperature at home. On the other hand, when people are at home, they will be allowed to put their phones on the robot car. By invoking the system, they will have an assist-robot. This assist-robot will act as a new interface in the smart home by following people and recognizing their voice commands in order to take notes, to read notes and to control smart home devices. This thesis also implements face recognition to improve the communication between users and the interface. Test results show that our proposed system is well accepted.

The use of electronics connected to local networks and the Internet is growingall the time. Nowadays you can control your electronics in your house even when away from home, which opens up for potential security threats. The purpose of this report is to point out the potential risks with connecting home electronics to the Internet and to shed light on what security mechanisms that are needed in these kinds of systems. This report contains a theoretical part in which relevant material has been summarized. This material includes the smart home solution Tellstick Net and the wireless technologies ZigBee and Z-Wave, which are commonly used in home automation. The Tellstick Net system was mapped out and a risk analysis with attack trees was performed. After the analysis of the system, the implementation of two potential security threats were attempted. The two attempted attacks were replay attack and cross-site request forgery. The replay attack was unsuccessful due to the way the system communicates and keeps connections alive. However, the cross-site request forgery was discovered to be successful in some cases. It depended on if the browser of the target supported cross-origin resource sharing, as that property protects against cross-site request forgery. Finally, the report discusses what impact the found security deficiencies have, what they entail and how they reflect on the need for security in smart technologies for the home.

Utvecklingen inom intelligenta hem med produkter som avser ljud och bild går snabbt framåt. Ett stort problem för konsumenter är att veta vilka produkter som ska köpas för att få de funktioner och egenskaper man är ute efter. Därför måste en vägledning inför inköp göras. För att kunna göra en vägledning inför ett inköp har en nulägesanalys av produkter, tekniker och system gjorts. Utifrån insamlad data har jämförelser gjorts med hänsyn till funktioner, egenskaper och pris. Resultatet av arbetet blev systemkombinationer där läsaren som konsument ska kunna återfinna sig och på så sätt få en vägledning i ett produktinköp som i sin tur kan leda till en integration. Integration av produkter leder till ett intelligent hem där system kommunicerar med varandra för att underlätta för slutanvändaren. Här kan även övriga system som exempelvis el integreras för att få en helhetsintegration. / The development of smart homes with products regarding audio and video is rapidly moving forward. A big problem for consumers is the ability to know what products you need to buy to maximize the experience. A guide needs to be written in order for consumers to make the right choices. To do this kind of guidance an analysis of what is latest in the development needed to be done. From this analysis the result is comparison between products was made with aspects such as functions, specifications and price. The result of this is a definition of target groups where the reader as a consumer should be able to place him or herself in a group. In that way the guidance can be before a mayor purchase of products or system for smart home integration. The integration of products leads to a smart home where systems communicate with each other to ease usage for the end user. In this kind of integration whole house automation can be made regarding electricity for example.

A model to predict air temperatures inside a residential home was created, which used local and remote environmental sensor data. Space conditioning experiments were carried out in the residential home and models were created to describe the observed temperature data. Results from laboratory space conditioning experiments were used to create a new experimental prediction model. Static inputs of the experimental model were replaced with dynamic inputs and an improved model was created, capable of general prediction application in the residential home. A novel system for space conditioning control was designed, which applied the improved model for air temperature prediction. Initial prediction models showed prediction error margins of ±1°C. Residential home and laboratory space conditioning experiments were utilized to create non-linear temperature prediction models capable of application outside of the experimental scope. Improved prediction models were based on the experimental models and showed average error margins of ±0:12°C compared to observed temperature data. A novel system design was proposed, combining the improved model with a traditional heating control to create a new optimal start-stop heating application for residential homes.

Since smart homes will be more and more popular in the future, the needs of finding a friendly, comfortable and smart interface between users and home environments are growing. However, conventional interfaces have reached their limits. So, this paper describes a new concept of interface in a home environment. This work is distinguished by building a separable smart robot. A smart phone is used as a brain, and a robot car is used as a body. With the system, people will be allowed to carry the robot's brain when they are out of their home. In this case, the brain can not only be a normal smart phone, but also can monitor parameters such as the temperature at home. On the other hand, when people are at home, they will be allowed to put their phones on the robot car. By invoking the system, they will have an assist-robot. This assist-robot will act as a new interface in the smart home by following people and recognizing their voice commands in order to take notes, to read notes and to control smart home devices. This thesis also implements face recognition to improve the communication between users and the interface. Test results show that our proposed system is well accepted.

Smart grid is an emerging technology that aims to empower the current power grid with the integration of two-way communication and computer technology. This thesis deals with energy management in smart grid with focus on the smart home and the Intelligent Transportation System (ITS). The smart home contains a network that connects home elements like smart appliances, HVAC (heating, ventilation, and air conditioning), thermostat, smart meter, sensors, solar panels and energy storage. ITS integrates computer and communication technologies for advanced traffic management and communication among road infrastructure, vehicles and users. A web service describes a collection of operations that are accessible via the Internet. Web services can also provide security and interoperability. Due to the rising cost of energy, more and more residential consumers are interested in controlling temperature or appliances in order to reduce energy consumption. In this thesis, we propose an approach that uses Web services to remotely and efficiently interact with smart home devices in order to manage energy consumption, in a smart grid environment. Consequently, the user is able to adjust the temperature, control appliances or read energy consumption values quickly, remotely and securely. A smart home with a wireless network based on ZigBee and XMPP (eXtensible Messaging and Presence Protocol) is simulated. The advantage of XMPP is that it provides near real-time communication and security. There is a central computer that can communicate with all home elements. Business Process Execution Language (BPEL) is used to implement the Web service on a central computer. Furthermore, quality of service is offered. Therefore, different levels of security and an access control mechanism are provided. An algorithm is proposed that can sell stored energy back to the grid from smart home. Another algorithm is proposed that can facilitate demand response. Moreover, dynamic programming is used to minimize energy consumption. Also, a broadcasting algorithm is presented that can be used by an electric vehicle to find the most suitable charging station in ITS. Simulation and analytical study is undertaken to demonstrate the performance and advantage of the proposed approach and algorithms.