Submitted by Marco Antônio de Ramos Chagas (mchagas@ufv.br) on 2016-12-06T13:15:41Z No. of bitstreams: 1 texto completo.pdf: 220765 bytes, checksum: f666d2a790720d7cad9fc9d68ff7e84a (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-12-06T13:15:41Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 texto completo.pdf: 220765 bytes, checksum: f666d2a790720d7cad9fc9d68ff7e84a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2001-06-06 / O conhecimento das estratégias que as famílias rurais que sobrevivem da agricultura familiar desenvolvem para gerar ou aumentar suas fontes de renda, de forma a prover um rendimento mensal que atenda às suas necessidades mais prementes, pode servir de subsídio para as entidades e os profissionais que trabalham e, ou dão assistência a tais famílias. Neste sentido, procurou-se com esta pesquisa identificar e analisar as principais estratégias desenvolvidas por unidades domésticas de pequenas propriedades rurais de sobrevivência do município de Viçosa-M.G., segundo o perfil do produtor, as características das propriedades e a fase do ciclo de vida dessas famílias. Foram analisados os aspectos referentes ao perfil pessoal e familiar dos pequenos produtores; as características das propriedades, abordando suas formas de exploração e as condições de seus rendimentos; a caracterização das principais estratégias de geração de renda, a partir de sua identificação; sua periodicidade, bem como seu padrão, em função da fase do ciclo de vida familiar e do tipo de exploração das propriedades. Para isto, os dados foram coletados junto aos produtores rurais, em suas propriedades, utilizando os procedimentos estatísticos de freqüência, média e freqüência cruzadas. Os resultados mostram que as estratégias eram de suma importância para a sobrevivência familiar e a manutenção das propriedades, e que elas envolviam a participação de todos os membros familiares. As famílias, predominantemente nucleares, de tamanho reduzido, encontravam-se na fase de dispersão do ciclo de vida, com a maioria dos proprietários com idade acima de 50 anos, de baixo nível de escolaridade. Do ponto de vista estatístico, pôde-se observar que certos tipos de estratégias, como a aposentadoria (renda não-agrícola), estavam mais associados à fase de dispersão do ciclo de vida, e a indústria caseira e renda não-agrícola e a parceria, à fase de formação, enquanto na fase intermediária as estratégias mais representativas foram a renda não-agrícola (especialmente aluguel de imóvel na cidade), realizada junto em parceria, e o reaproveitamento de subprodutos. Em relação ao tipo de exploração da propriedade, os dados mostraram que a indústria caseira, e a renda não-agrícola foram as que predominaram entre os cafeicultores; entre os bovinocultores predominou a estratégia das rendas não-agrícolas, o que também ocorreu com os produtores de milho. Torna-se imprescindível que as autoridades competentes incentivem e adotem políticas dirigidas a essa população, para que ela possa melhorar suas condições de vida e se manter no campo, evitando o êxodo rural. / The scarcity of cash in subsistence agriculture is a serious problem that most families face every where. The main objective in this research was to study income generation strategies adopted by small household producers in the rural area of Viçosa County, Minas Gerais according the main stages in the family life cycle. It was assumed that small rural household in subsistence agriculture would develop different strategies in order to obtain cash to pay for those family daily needs to which the income generated by the regular farming activities fall behind. It was also assumed that these family strategies would differ according the stages of their life cycle as well as the main types of agriculture activities in which the families are engaged. The sample comprised 45 independent households living in the rural area of the county of Viçosa, MG whose major crops were coffee beans, corn and cattle raising. Participants were selected according the snowball sampling procedure. Data were collected by personal interview following a schedule designed and tested for that purpose. The characterization of the family and farm participants were drawn from variables such as: age, level of education, number of children residing in the household, occupation on and off farm, main types of crops, sources and amount of income, and the strategies themselves. Information, also, were gathered about community facilities and public utilities related to quality of life such as: school, health center, roads, energy, running water, public transportation, post office. Data were analyzed by frequencies and cross tabulation. The results showed that all families has developed some strategies to raise extra cash and that that the money obtained is essential not only to pay for families needs but also to maintain the property itself. All family members participated in the agriculture activities. The majority of the household visited were comprised by small nuclear family, with the couple aged above 50 years old within the last stage of they family life cycle with most children gone married, some of them still living in their parent’s land but in their own houses. They had low level of education but all of their children were going to school. The cross tabulation showed that some non-agriculture sources of income were more commonly found among families in their later stage of life cycle. While families in the first stage of their life cycle seemed to be more engaged in income generation activities such as home industry and others obtained off farm combined with “parceria” in their neighborhood. The families who were in the intermediate stage were also dependent on the income generated out side the property like renting as well as on some home production. In regard to the strategies most developed when considering the main agriculture activities the data showed a predominance of home production activities among the coffee growers in many cases combined with no farming income. In farms where cattle raising and corn crops were the main products the households were mostly engaged in activities to generate income performing tasks not exactly related to agriculture. The data reveal that households in subsistence agriculture have long been confronted with shortage of resources both inside and outside their properties and that much effort must be place to find means to support them in carry on their work which is also an important mode of living in our society in helping to relieve migration to the metropolitan areas of the country. / Dissertação importada do Alexandria, sem lattes