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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

A questão do indivíduo e da sociedade em John Rawls

Schmitz, Pércio Davies 12 April 2012 (has links)
Submitted by Silvana Teresinha Dornelles Studzinski (sstudzinski) on 2016-06-15T14:50:48Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Pércio Davies Schmitz_.pdf: 562620 bytes, checksum: c115ed27d354445d713cfb6eacee7088 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-15T14:50:48Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Pércio Davies Schmitz_.pdf: 562620 bytes, checksum: c115ed27d354445d713cfb6eacee7088 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-04-12 / Nenhuma / A presente dissertação de Mestrado trata da questão da justiça que é tema controverso e aberto desde os primórdios das indagações filosóficas sobre o tema. Nossos dias são marcados por contradições acerca da própria visão de homem e de sociedade, principalmente após termos vivenciado ao mesmo passo as maravilhas do avanço técnico, científico e cultural dos dois últimos séculos, também as atrocidades realizadas contra o homem ferindo os seus direitos mais fundamentais, em especial os fatos históricos do século XX, como as duas grandes guerras. Esse paradoxo entre o enaltecimento das potencialidades humanas e a própria redução utilitária da condição humana leva à busca de uma nova teoria da justiça que seja capaz de repensar o valor do humano e a sua condição natural e que a mesma não seja simplesmente uma condição instrumental e calcada nos princípios de maior satisfação para o maior número de indivíduos, próprios do utilitarismo que se impunha até o momento. O tema proposto visa situar a visão de homem, no interior do contexto da justiça, focando-se especificamente na questão do atomismo social do indivíduo, presente na teoria da justiça como equidade de John Rawls, que o entende uma parte autônoma no interior de uma doutrina contratualista, atomizada portanto, e que se dá, privilegiadamente, em sua teoria, no “momento” ahistórico da posição original. Aqui o enfoque será dado à teoria da justiça de Rawls e se pretende considerar as críticas à questão do atomismo elaboradas por Taylor, no contexto do debate atual entre liberalismo e comunitarismo. / This dissertation is on the issue of justice which is an open and controversial theme since the earliest times of the philosophical questions about the topic. Our time is marked by contradictions about the own vision of man and society, mainly after we have experienced both the wonders of the technical scientific and cultural development of the last two centuries and also carried out the atrocities against man, hurting his most fundamental rights, specially the historical facts of the twentieth century, as the two world wars. This paradox between the enhancement of the human potential and the very utilitarian reduction of the human condition lead us to a search of a new theory of the justice that is able to rethink the value of the human and its natural condition and that it is not only an instrumental condition grounded upon the principles of greater satisfaction for the greatest number of individuals, typical of the utilitarianism that was imposed so far. The proposed debate aims to locate the vision of man within the context of justice focusing specifically on the issue of the individual’ social atomism that is present in the theory of justice as John Ralws fairness that means it as an autonomous part within a contractual doctrine, thus atomized , and which gives, as a privilege in his theory, in the a-historical “moment” of the original position and, on the other hand, the Charles Taylor’s opposed vision that, introducing concepts as the one of interiority, of recognition and of no decomposition of the goods, which are genuinely social, tends to locate his vision of man in an human being located within a broader context than himself. Here the focus is going to be given to Rawls’ justice theory and one intend to consider the criticism to the atomism issue elaborated by Taylor within the context of the current debate between liberalism and communitarians.

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