Given the numerous benefits noted in academic research from having social capital, investigators may now turn to looking at what makes a person likely to create it. In this study I examine whether building social capital in high school through participation in religious, athletic, and volunteer activities makes individuals more likely to continue to create it as adults through participation in similar activities. Using data from the National Education Longitudinal Study, I employ both multilevel and seemingly unrelated regression models. I find that early participation in religious and athletic activities increases the likelihood of doing two out of three social activities as adults, and that volunteering in high school increases the likelihood of doing all three activities in adulthood. This suggests that one way of maintaining high social capital levels in this country is by promoting teenagers' participation in religious, athletic, and especially volunteer activities while in high school.

Social capital has shown the potential to benefit health, and therefore is an important concept to take up within nursing. However, the lack of consensus about how social capital should be defined and measured leads to challenges translating existing evidence into health promotion practice. Further, there is some literature suggesting that social capital may not benefit the health of rural residents in the same way as it does for urban residents. Therefore, there is a need for research that helps advance our conceptual knowledge of social capital while examining the concept and its impact on health for rural residents. This thesis involved a sequential explanatory mixed methods study to understand how rural residents experience social capital and how it impacts their health. In the first phase, I began with an exploratory factor analysis of the 2013 General Social Survey data. This revealed the underlying factors that made up social capital for urban and rural residents of Ontario. Logistic regression analysis indicated that four of the six social capital factors were positively associated with health. There were no differences between rural and urban residents in the factors revealed, nor in the influence of the factors on health, however rural residents scored higher on several social capital factors. In the second phase, interviews and focus groups in two rural Ontario communities helped explain the findings and explored how rural residents experienced social capital in their daily lives. The friendly and helpful social context helped elucidate why rural residents had high social capital scores, yet the structural context contributed to difficulties accessing social capital for some groups. Together, the data from both study phases help advance our knowledge of social capital with important implications for nursing practice. / Thesis / Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) / There has been a lot of attention to the topic of social capital and how it may benefit health. Social capital means the resources someone has access to because of belonging to a social network. This thesis aimed to understand what makes up social capital, how it influences health, whether there are differences in its impact between urban and rural residents, and how people living in two rural communities experience it in their daily lives. Quantitative analysis showed that some components of social capital benefited physical and mental health while others did not. Rural residents were not impacted any differently by social capital, however they had higher scores on several of its components than urban residents. Interviews and focus groups helped explain how the friendly and helpful social context of the rural environment contributed to high social capital, yet structural challenges meant some community members had difficulty accessing its benefits.

It is not only a complicated but also long-term mission to implement the information system and system project. It involves a variety of interior and exterior problems, such as the supporting from decision management, users' resistance, conflict between departments, leadership of project members, outsourcing¡¦s cooperation, supporting of develop tools (Software & Hardware) and cooperation of supply chain. Therefore, we have defined the social network of the CIO as seven dimensions, which are CEO, users, cross dept. chiefs, MIS dept. employees, Supplies & Clients, Outsourcings & Consultant and Software/Hardware supplies. The research tries to approach the topics from the angle of observer, starting from the social network of the CIO, by case study method, to process the detailed data analysis through a great different of CIO interviews. Thus we may find out and realize the circumstance CIO may faced and the phenomenal incurred in intercourse with the others, which intends to explore that CIO faces the challenge & response while they are trying to push information system in the enterprise. We also take the perspective of Social Capital consists of three dimensions which are structural dimension, cognitive dimension and relational dimension combined as a analyzing perspective to interpret and analyze how the CIO create and take advantage of his social capital to solve problems and achieve the goal eventually. The first finding of the research is that the social network of the CIO was suitable and practicable analyzing perspective based on the three dimensions of social capital theory; secondly, the communication between the correspondents of the CIO social network and CEO is the most importance and the most difficulty as well. The enterprise culture, background, CIO network structure have the influence on intercourse benefit. It is inter-supported with the three dimensions of the social capital. We hereby hope to achieve the following progresses with the research: 1. The reference to the qualified candidate of the CIO to an enterprise. 2. Target on the managers of information management and offer them a brief and simple analyzing perspective, in order to make an accurate diagnose & analysis to the problems. 3. The enterprise could take advantage of social capital to impulse the information system, so that it may reduce information management from any cognitive difference, conflicts between interfaces and get promotion of the service quality of the information department.

Si capital social es una fuente de desarrollo económico, es importante crear mecanismos de inversión social que sean capaces de alimentar el Si capital social es una fuente de desarrollo económico, es importante. En la tercera parte se evalúa el rol del capital social en la educación capital social, particularmente en países en vías de desarrollo económico,superior en lo concerniente a la formulación de políticas publicas en el sector educación.

Many authors have argued that social capital is positively related to economic prosperity, regional development, collective action, and democratic governance. But it alone can not explain all of these phenomena in societies. The concept of trust can not be neglected in the social capital literature. Considerable confusion exists concerning the relationship between social capital and trust, namely whether trust is a precondition of social capital or a product of it. This paper begins to explore their relationships by tracing the origins and development of the concept of social capital. It then discusses the relationship between social capital and trust by comparing their origins or sources. Finally, these two ideas are placed in organizational context to develop an analytical distinction between trust and social capital while clarifying and exploring the implications of these two primary perspectives on organizational effectiveness. The paper concludes that trust and social capital are mutually reinforcing -- social capital generates trusting relationships that in turn produce social capital. / Master of Public and International Affairs

archives@tulane.edu / 1 / Sarah Beth Rescoe

Thesis (M. Phil.)--University of Hong Kong, 2007. / Title proper from title frame. Also available in printed format.

Thesis (M.A.)--Ohio State University, 2006. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 41-45). Available online via OhioLINK's ETD Center

The intent of this thesis is to conduct an empirical study of social capital in a single resource dependent fishing community, Petty Harbour, Newfoundland. The community under study, Petty Harbour, has a 335 year attachment to what was its primary fishery, Northern cod (Gadus morhua). This ended in 1992 when the Canadian government implemented an indefinite moratorium on Northern cod. Historically the community has exhibited high levels of activism aimed for the most part at protectionism of its primary economic mainstay, the fishery. Social capital by definition implies available resources embedded in social structures such as informal networks that can be accessed and mobilized by individuals or groups for either personal or communal gain (Coleman, 1988; Putnam, 2000; Krishna, 2002; Onyx, 2005). High levels of social capital can lead to collective activism, which according to some, is the single most important contributing factor to sustainability because without activism, an outcome of social capital, there maybe no hope for recovery and sustainability. My hypothesis is that the extent to which one is socially connected through network ties to close friends and/or family (structural social capital) and the level of trust in neighbors (cognitive social capital) will positively correlate with their involvement with activism. Leadership and sense of ownership are introduced as additional independent variables to further explore explanations for the community's level of collective activism and stewardship of the resource. Treating activism as a dependent variable, I am going to examine social capital indicators, suggesting network ties (weak, strong) as independent variables that can partially explain the historically high level of activism. I am also going to propose that the independent variables leadership and sense of ownership will also positively correlate with activism.

The Sara Communication Initiative (SCI), a girls intervention programme, was introduced by the Forum for African Women Educationalists in Malawi (FAWEMA), to address girls low enrolment and high dropout from school. NORAD and UNICEF initially funded the SCI. FAWEMA is currently the custodian of the SCI in Malawi. <p>The purpose of this study was to determine stakeholder perceptions of the extent to which the social capital and capabilities of girls had been enhanced through the Sara Communication Initiative (SCI) in the two selected rural school communities of Chikwawa district. Two theoretical frameworks were utilized, Nussbaum (2001) and Sens (1999) capability development model and the concept of social capital theory based on Putnam (2000) and Coleman (1998). <p>A case study using mixed methods was used to examine the two cases. Data collection consisted of questionnaires, focus groups, structured interviews, document analysis and class observations. The study engaged 59 students, 30 students from Eastern school and 29 students from Southern school. Parents focus groups were attended by a total of 41 parents, 21 at Eastern school and 20 at Southern school. The researcher also interviewed four teachers, two from each school, as well as the National Coordinator for FAWEMA. Class observations took place at both venues and at the junior and senior primary school levels.<p>Descriptive data analysis was conducted using an SPSS package. Data from the focus group discussions were taped, transcribed, and analyzed thematically.<p>From the data it was concluded that comic books were an integral part of the SCI meetings and they highlighted some major challenges that girls experienced. T-shirts were also powerful in conveying SCI messages, apart from providing decent clothing for needy students. The study noted that there were more girls, than boys participating in the SCI.<p>In addition, it was found that basic and internal capabilities were limited for girls. As a result, although many girls enrolled in school, at the beginning of the school year the enrolment of girls dropped off sharply. The reasons for girls dropping out of school included heavy workload, poverty, sexual harassment, early pregnancies, early marriages, lack of motivation, lack of encouragement, and lack of female role models. In regard to external conditions, which comprise the material and institutional environments, the findings of this study were that although the family, the school, and development agencies assisted in providing some resources for the pupils to enable them to stay in school the provisions were not adequate.<p>As well, the study found that some tenets of social capital were evident. Social networks were apparent between parents/guardians and their children/wards, teachers and pupils, teachers and parents, female pupils and the UNICEF mothers groups, and the development committees. Institutional trust appeared to be lacking in some cases. There was a lack of trust of male teachers and older schoolboys by the parents because there were no female role models for the girls at the schools. Organizations in the form of development agencies were also considered an important resource to the two communities. <p>Finally, it was found that the Sen Capabilities Model had some limits to its applicability in a developing country. In addition, it was concluded that while the SCI enhanced the social capital for girls, in all likelihood the community members require attitudinal and cultural change.