This research is based on an ethnographic study conducted in 2008. The study took place in Ecuador's coastal province of Manabâi and investigates the lives of a community of transvestite males, known locally as travestâis. This research holds that the social space in which the travestâis live and work, in Puerto Lopez, is negotiated and maintained through a complex interchange of three key factors: the experience of mother's love, the local economy, and sexual desire. The social space itself is defined as a "binary passage." Most of the travestâis are employed as hairdressers, and they draw a wide range of clientele from Puerto Lopez and surrounding smaller villages. Yet, how is it that travestâis can lead open and productive lives in a region that highly values machismo? This research focuses on both the origins of the travestâis' social space and the means by which it is maintained through key discourses. / by Eve E. Brooks. / Thesis (M.A.)--Florida Atlantic University, 2009. / Includes bibliography. / Electronic reproduction. Boca Raton, Fla., 2009. Mode of access: World Wide Web.

Trapped in the hurricane of a changing cultural landscape, the young women of Kakawangwa, Florida must choose to clutch tradition or side with the times. Pearl and Jasmine are two sisters who come of age after being raised by a single mother in a religious household. Whitney, born a hermaphrodite, must determine her gender and sexuality, despite being married to her husband, Joe. Celeste, a college dropout, returns home to Kakawangwa in disgrace. Blackie, who lives life without inhibition, must cope with the consequences of the choices she makes. Filled with language that is pithy, abrupt, direct, and melodious, The History of Kakawangwa is a narrative that reveals these women as they reconcile the world to themselves. / by Kristen McNair. / Thesis (M.F.A.)--Florida Atlantic University, 2012. / Mode of access: World Wide Web. / System requirements: Adobe Reader.

The socio-economic challenges caused by ageing populations, are encouraging many countries to re-evaluate the place of older people in society and to adopt measures to encourage active ageing. Brazil and the UK will have similar proportions of people aged 60 or over as a percentage of the total population by 2050. As a consequence of this, changes to retirement policies in the UK and Brazil, aim to make the welfare system more financially sustainable. It is therefore relevant to study the retirement patterns of occupational groups where their members hold specialised skills, knowledge and have the scope to remain active for longer. This study aims to compare the transition to retirement of academics and their experiences of professional continuity thereafter, in Brazil and the UK. A mixed methods approach combining an on-line survey and in-depth narrative interviews was used to address the research questions. The study found that among Brazilian and UK retired academics there was a desire for a continuity of professional identity, and most tended to experience some professional continuity following retirement. How the retirees engaged in academic activities varied among individuals; the amount of activities usually related to time in retirement, age and health status. It was noted that in the UK there was more scope for alternative retirement arrangements than in Brazil. Life satisfaction in retirement was associated with financial stability, enhanced freedom and the possibility to actively use academic skills and knowledge. The findings suggest that universities’ retirement policies should be made more transparent and, in some cases, reviewed. Additionally, retirees should be encouraged to prepare for retirement to facilitate their adjustment. It is suggested that future research should investigate the retirement of women in academia, the retirement policies of universities and the retirement of academics in other countries.

本研究通过对于过往社会网络和社会资本的相关研究的梳理，提出了社会网络发生作用的机制问题，并通过对于广东珠三角企业的数据模型化分析和定性材料分析，来从策略和门槛两个方面回答了这个问题：从策略方面看，企业要有效发展社会网络，在抓住关键社会网络关系的基础上发展全面的社会网络是对于其效益提升起到最良好作用的策略。而从门槛方面来看，社会网络的作用并不是对于所有企业都是有效的，总体而言社会网络对于具有高行业技术自主性的行业里的企业有正向作用，而对于处于具有低行技术自主性的企业沒有显著作用，这也就是社会网络作用的第一道自主性门槛；而对于处于高技术自主性行业的企业而言，社会网络对于高企业技术自主性的企业的经济效益的正向作用大于对于低企业技术自主性的企业的作用，这就是社会网络作用的第二道自主性门槛 。 / Detailed summary in vernacular field only. / 任慧岩. / Thesis (M.Phil.) Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2014. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 58-64). / Ren Huiyan.

by Louisa Shu-ying Ha. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1988. / Bibliography: leaves 186-196.

Chan Florence. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1994. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves [93-97]). / Chapter SECTION I. --- AN OVERVIEW / Chapter CHAPTER 1. --- THE ENVIRONMENT & BACKGROUND OF ADVERTISING / Chapter 1.1. --- Overview --- p.2 / Chapter 1.2. --- Viewpoints on Advertising --- p.3 / Chapter 1.3. --- The Marketing-Advertising Connection --- p.4 / Chapter 1.3.1. --- A Historical Review on Changing Concept of Marketing / Chapter 1.3.2. --- What is Marketing ？ / Chapter 1.3.3. --- What is Promotion ？ / Chapter 1.3.4. --- Advertising in the Promotion Mix / Chapter 1.4. --- Advertising Planning --- p.8 / Chapter 1.5. --- The Communication / Persuasion Process --- p.9 / Chapter 1.6. --- Summary --- p.9 / Chapter SECTION II. --- COMMON DEFENSES OF ADVERTISING / Chapter CHAPTER 2. --- "CAN ADVERTISING BE SELF-REGULATED BY THE ""INVISIBLE HAND"" ？" / Chapter 2.1. --- A General Interpretation of Smith's Invisible Hand --- p.13 / Chapter 2.2. --- A More Complete Picture of Smith's Theories --- p.15 / Chapter 2.2.1. --- Prudence / Chapter 2.2.2. --- Benevolence / Chapter 2.2.3. --- Self-Command / Chapter 2.3. --- Stoicism --- p.18 / Chapter 2.4. --- A Closer Look at Smith's Invisible Hand --- p.20 / Chapter 2.5. --- Can Advertising be Justified by Smith's Invisible Hand or Free Market Mechanism ？ --- p.22 / Chapter CHAPTER 3. --- CAM ADVERTISING PROVIDE INFORMATIONAL UTILITY ？ / Chapter 3.1. --- Advertising Provides Important Information for Consumers --- p.26 / Chapter 3.2. --- A More Complete Picture of Advertising's Reality --- p.27 / Chapter 3.2.1. --- Ambiguity / Chapter 3.2.2. --- Concealed Facts / Chapter 3.2.3. --- Exaggeration & Puffery / Chapter 3.2.4. --- Psychological Appeals / Chapter 3.2.5. --- Conclusion / Chapter 3.3. --- A Historical Explanation of Why Advertising Cannot be Pure Informative --- p.37 / Chapter 3.3.1. --- The Early Stage / Chapter 3.3.2. --- A Breakthrough / Chapter 3.3.3. --- The Mature Stage / Chapter 3.4. --- Can We Conclude that Persuasive Advertising is Deceptive? --- p.40 / Chapter 3.4.1. --- Gardner's Definition of Deception / Chapter 3.4.2. --- A Reasonable Man Standard of Deception / Chapter 3.5. --- More on Rational/Irrational Persuasion & Deceptive/ Non-Deceptive Advertising --- p.43 / Chapter 3.5.1. --- The Two Dimensions / Chapter 3.5.2. --- Various Combinations / Chapter CHAPTER 4. --- IS ADVERTISING A NECESSITY FOR INDIVIDUAL FIRMS / Chapter 4.1. --- Discussions --- p.47 / Chapter 4.2. --- Conclusion --- p.49 / Chapter SECTION III. --- ADVERTISING & SOCIETY / Chapter CHAPTER 5. --- THE ECONOMIC EFFECTS OF ADVERTISING / Chapter 5.1. --- Providing Informational Utility --- p.51 / Chapter 5.2. --- Employment --- p.52 / Chapter 5.3. --- Distribution Costs --- p.52 / Chapter 5.4. --- Advertising & Brand Names --- p.53 / Chapter 5.5. --- Media Support --- p.54 / Chapter 5.6. --- Effect on the Business Cycle --- p.54 / Chapter 5.7. --- Stimulating Product Utility --- p.55 / Chapter 5.8. --- Developing New Products --- p.56 / Chapter 5.9. --- Contribution to the Overall Welfare of the Economy --- p.57 / Chapter 5.9.1. --- A Common Misunderstanding / Chapter 5.9.2. --- "Advertising can be Counterproductive, Unproductive or Productive" / Chapter 5.10. --- Conclusion --- p.60 / Chapter CHAPTER 6. --- CULTURAL & SOCIAL PERSPECTIVE ON ADVERTISING / Chapter 6.1. --- Reviewing Advertising from the Social Context --- p.62 / Chapter 6.2. --- """Explicit"" Content vs. ""Implicit"" Content" --- p.63 / Chapter 6.3. --- Social Conditions Affecting Individual Autonomy --- p.64 / Chapter 6.3.1. --- A Brief Review on Individual Autonomy / Chapter 6.3.2. --- A Background of Social Influences on Individual Autonomy / Chapter 6.4. --- The Power of Marketing & Advertising : Technique- & Result- Oriented --- p.70 / Chapter 6.4.1. --- Techniques of Marketing / Chapter 6.4.2. --- Technique-Orientation on Advertising / Chapter 6.4.3. --- A Culture of Commercialization & Consumption / Chapter 6.5. --- The Real Evils of Advertising --- p.77 / Chapter 6.5.1. --- """Suppressing "" Autonomy" / Chapter 6.5.2. --- Effects on Future Generations / Chapter 6.5.3. --- Changing Values / Chapter 6.5.4. --- Consumerism / Chapter 6.5.5. --- Neglecting Public Goods & Services / Chapter 6.7. --- Conclusion --- p.90 / CONCLUSION --- p.91 / REFERENCES

Lam Wing Foon. / Thesis (M.Ph.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1989. / Bibliography: leaves 93-96.

Cheung Yue-Lok. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2003. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 72-79). / Abstracts in English and Chinese ; questionnaire also in Chinese.

Amy S.Y. Ho. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1997. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 57-58).

Zhang Jiabing. / Thesis submitted in: October 2005. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2006. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 48-50). / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / Chapter Chapter 1 --- Introduction --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1 --- Background --- p.1 / Chapter 1.2 --- Research questions --- p.1 / Chapter 1.3 --- Thesis organization --- p.2 / Chapter Chapter 2 --- Literature Review --- p.4 / Chapter 2.1 --- Conceptualization of social ties --- p.4 / Chapter 2.2 --- Social ties in context --- p.7 / Chapter 2.3 --- Quality of job information --- p.8 / Chapter 2.4 --- Other dimensions of social ties --- p.12 / Chapter 2.5 --- Work ties and the relevancy of job information --- p.14 / Chapter Chapter 3 --- Data and methodology --- p.19 / Chapter 3.1 --- Analytical framework --- p.19 / Chapter 3.2 --- Data --- p.21 / Chapter 3.3 --- Variables --- p.22 / Chapter 3.4 --- Method --- p.25 / Chapter Chapter 4 --- Results --- p.27 / Chapter 4.1 --- Characteristics of work ties --- p.27 / Chapter 4.2 --- Why use work ties? --- p.30 / Chapter 4.3 --- The outcomes of using work ties --- p.39 / Chapter Chapter 5 --- Conclusion and Discussion --- p.44 / Bibliography --- p.48