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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
31

Ethnic Identity And Social Distance In Ankara

Altunsu, Lutfi 01 August 2007 (has links) (PDF)
The purpose of this study is to investigate perceived group identity and the differences between select ethnic groups as well as the perceived distance and discrimination experienced by these groups from the other ethnic groups. Using the conceptual framework provided by Constructionist Theory of ethnicity and subjectivist approaches to ethnicity, as well as the theoretical insights of Symbolic Interactionism, this study explores the individual and ethnic identity, images and perceptions of the other groups, discrimination or feeling discriminated by the others, social distance between the groups, commonly shared traits among the groups, ethnic relations and interactions among the groups, and finally the future of the intergroup relations. These problem areas of the thesis are explored conducting a survey questionnaire applied to 252 people, chosen on the basis of purposive sampling, and 20 in-depth interviews in Ankara. It is found out that the ethnic identities are not salient characteristics of the members of the ethnic categories and determining factor in intergroup relations in Ankara.
32

The effects of teachers' social distance scores on teacher-student interactions in relation to the gender and ethnic background of students

Melnyk, M. Felicia January 1990 (has links)
Typescript. / Thesis (Ed. D.)--University of Hawaii at Manoa, 1990. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 111-118) / Microfiche. / xiii, 118 leaves, bound ill. 29 cm
33

Interpersonal distance in the primary family as a measure of school success after re-parenting of disadvantaged students

Bates, Edward Charles January 1974 (has links)
Typescript. / Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Hawaii at Manoa, 1974. / Bibliography: leaves [153]-163. / xi, 163 leaves ill
34

Interaction and communication in a Philippine barrio: a study of social space and social distance

Parsons, John Sanford January 1973 (has links)
Typescript. / Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Hawaii at Manoa, 1973. / Bibliography: leaves [252]-260. / viii, 260 l illus., maps, tables
35

Changes in social distance among American undergraduate students participating in a study abroad program in China

Chen, Danxia. Lumsden, D. Barry, January 2007 (has links)
Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of North Texas, Dec., 2007. / Title from title page display. Includes bibliographical references.
36

Mecanismos da homofilia : a invisibilização dos desiguais no associativismo urbano

Zanata Júnior, Rui January 2012 (has links)
Esta dissertação visa dar prosseguimento às investigações realizadas com duas associações de moradores de Porto Alegre – uma localizada numa vila popular e outra situada num bairro de classe média. Essas pesquisas evidenciaram que as distâncias estruturais e relacionais entre agentes que ocupam posições distintas em contextos de desigualdades extremas se reproduzem também na conformação das redes associativas. Frente a esses resultados, coloca-se a finalidade central desta pesquisa: identificar e analisar processos sociais que permitem explicar a associação causal entre distância social estrutural e distância social relacional – ou seja, a homofilia – observada no associativismo urbano de Porto Alegre. Devido à impossibilidade de abordar adequadamente os diversos mecanismos que concorrem para a (re)produção da homofilia, optou-se por focalizar um mecanismo que, hipoteticamente, parece desempenhar um papel central em um contexto de profunda desigualdade como o brasileiro: o mecanismo de invisibilização. Argumenta-se que a invisibilização de indivíduos e grupos em posições inferiorizadas por parte daqueles ocupantes de posições superiores na hierarquia social constitui um mecanismo importante na constituição das fronteiras sociais e simbólicas em espaços sociais marcados por desigualdades extremas. A hipótese aventada é de que a invisibilização tende a bloquear os contatos entre indivíduos desigualmente situados no espaço social ao estabelecer fronteiras sociais e simbólicas entre eles, contribuindo, assim, na reprodução das distâncias estruturais e relacionais no associativismo. Para fins de análise, tomam-se como objetos de investigação indivíduos engajados em duas associações de moradores de classe média de Porto Alegre. São investigadas as relações e os deslocamentos desses indivíduos como um recurso metodológico para analisar os padrões homofílicos observados na atuação das organizações às quais eles pertencem. A opção por indivíduos como unidade de análise se fundamenta no argumento de que as relações entre agentes sociais são conformadas pelos grupos aos quais eles pertencem conjuntamente, enquanto que os laços entre grupos são formados pelos integrantes que eles compartilham. Para compreender como opera a invisibilização nas redes de relações, empregou-se a metodologia de análise de redes sociais. As técnicas de produção de informações reticulares conhecidas como gerador de nomes e name interpreters possibilitaram construir a trama de relações dos egos entrevistados e explorar os atributos socioeconômicos dos seus alters, respectivamente. Para dar conta da invisibilização nos deslocamentos e destinos dos agentes pesquisados foram realizadas entrevistas semiestruturadas. Foi solicitado a eles que desenhassem em um mapa até três percursos dentro do bairro e três trajetos dentro da cidade, bem como fazer comentários sobre tais deslocamentos. A análise das redes relacionais e dos deslocamentos dos oito casos investigados permite sustentar empiricamente a presença e a operação do mecanismo de invisibilização. De um lado, ela se expressa na tendência de que indivíduos em posições subalternizadas estejam ausentes dos espaços e das relações que estruturam o cotidiano dos indivíduos pesquisados. Tal ausência diminui (e, no limite, impede) a possibilidade de que relações significativas e duradouras se estabeleçam entre os desiguais. Por outro, mesmo quando aquela tendência é rompida e os entrevistados interagem com indivíduos e organizações em posições inferiorizadas, observa-se que tal interação tende a não produzir vínculos relevantes. / This dissertation aims to continue the investigations carried out with two residents’ associations in Porto Alegre – one located in a poor neighborhood and the other in a middle class neighborhood. These surveys have shown that the structural and relational distances among agents who occupy distinct positions in contexts of extreme inequality are reproduced in the conformity of the associative networks as well. Based on these results, the main purpose of this research is presented: to identify and analyze the social processes that help explain the causal association between structural social distance and relational social distance – in other words, homophily – observed in the urban associations in Porto Alegre. Given the impossibility of adequately covering the numerous mechanisms that compete to the (re)production of homophily, we chose to address a mechanism that, hypothetically, seems to play a central role in a context of profound inequality, as it is the case in Brazil: the invisibility mechanism. It is argued that the invisibilization of individuals and groups in inferior positions by the ones that occupy superior positions in the social hierarchy constitutes an important mechanism in the formation of social and symbolic boundaries in social spaces characterized by extreme inequalities. The suggested hypothesis is that invisibilization tends to impede the contact between individuals unequally situated in the social space by establishing social and symbolic boundaries between them, contributing, thus, to the propagation of the structural and relational distances in associations. For the analysis, individuals engaged in two middle class residents’ associations in Porto Alegre are taken as objects of investigation. The relationships and displacements of these individuals are investigated as a methodological resource to analyze the homophylic patterns observed in the performance of the organizations they belong to. The choice for individuals as units of analysis is based on the argument that the relationships among social agents are shaped by the groups in which they participate together, whereas the relations between groups are formed by the participants they have in common. In order to understand how the invisibilization on the networks of relations operates, a method of social network analysis was used. The reticular information production techniques, known as name generators and name interpreters, facilitate the construction of a web of relations of the interviewed egos and the exploration of the socioeconomic attributes of their alters, respectively. To address the invisibilization on the dislocations and destinations of the participants, semi-structured interviews were made. They were asked to draw in a map up to three routes inside their neighborhood and three routes inside the city, as well as to comment about these dislocations. The analysis of the networks of relations and dislocations on the eight cases investigated allow empirical sustention of the presence and operation of the invisibility mechanism. On the one hand, it is expressed on the tendency that individuals in subordinated positions are absent in spaces and relations that structure the daily lives of the participants. This absence decreases (and, ultimately, prevents) the possibility of establishing significant and lasting relationships between the unequal. On the other hand, even when this tendency is broken and the participants interact with individuals and organizations in inferior positions, it is observed that this interaction tends not to produce relevant bonds.
37

External Validity of Estimates of Social Distance

January 2018 (has links)
abstract: Social discounting underlies individual altruistic decision-making, and it is frequently measured as the amount of hypothetical money one is willing to forgo for another person as a function of social distance. In the classic social discounting task, individual participants are asked to imagine their friends along a continuum of social distance, that is then used to estimate participant’s social discounting rate. While an ever-growing proportion of social interactions takes place over social media, no research has yet characterized social discounting in that context. Moreover, no research has estimated social discounting rate using real persons’ social distance, instead of the hypothetical continuum described above. Using existing social media indicators of social distance, it is now possible to estimate social discounting rate based on real people, which may lead to more accurate social discounting measurements and may expand the discounting model to real-life situations. Specifically, using computer algorithms to estimate the social distance from social media data makes it possible to assess the utility of numeric social distance indicators and the most appropriate ways to represent them. The proposed study examined the extent to which a hyperbolic model for social discounting fits social distance information retrieved from Facebook pages; and assessed whether there were differences in discounting rate when real or hypothetical social distance is used; also to further investigate whether discounting rates based on real persons are in fact based on perceived social distance by the participant, or on the imaginary social distance scale (i.e., an experimental artifact.) It was found that the social discounting model can be applied in the social media context, even when real Facebook friends’ profiles were used as substitutes of numeric social distance indicators. Additionally, people showed similar altruistic tendencies in both the numeric and profile social discounting tests on the Facebook environment. These findings were qualified, however, by a high rate of nonsystematic data for the profile group; a rate much higher than traditional numeric paradigm. This discrepancy suggested that the allocation rates between numeric and profile approaches need further investigation to determine the factors affecting individuals’ generosity as a function of social distance indicators. / Dissertation/Thesis / Masters Thesis Psychology 2018
38

Mecanismos da homofilia : a invisibilização dos desiguais no associativismo urbano

Zanata Júnior, Rui January 2012 (has links)
Esta dissertação visa dar prosseguimento às investigações realizadas com duas associações de moradores de Porto Alegre – uma localizada numa vila popular e outra situada num bairro de classe média. Essas pesquisas evidenciaram que as distâncias estruturais e relacionais entre agentes que ocupam posições distintas em contextos de desigualdades extremas se reproduzem também na conformação das redes associativas. Frente a esses resultados, coloca-se a finalidade central desta pesquisa: identificar e analisar processos sociais que permitem explicar a associação causal entre distância social estrutural e distância social relacional – ou seja, a homofilia – observada no associativismo urbano de Porto Alegre. Devido à impossibilidade de abordar adequadamente os diversos mecanismos que concorrem para a (re)produção da homofilia, optou-se por focalizar um mecanismo que, hipoteticamente, parece desempenhar um papel central em um contexto de profunda desigualdade como o brasileiro: o mecanismo de invisibilização. Argumenta-se que a invisibilização de indivíduos e grupos em posições inferiorizadas por parte daqueles ocupantes de posições superiores na hierarquia social constitui um mecanismo importante na constituição das fronteiras sociais e simbólicas em espaços sociais marcados por desigualdades extremas. A hipótese aventada é de que a invisibilização tende a bloquear os contatos entre indivíduos desigualmente situados no espaço social ao estabelecer fronteiras sociais e simbólicas entre eles, contribuindo, assim, na reprodução das distâncias estruturais e relacionais no associativismo. Para fins de análise, tomam-se como objetos de investigação indivíduos engajados em duas associações de moradores de classe média de Porto Alegre. São investigadas as relações e os deslocamentos desses indivíduos como um recurso metodológico para analisar os padrões homofílicos observados na atuação das organizações às quais eles pertencem. A opção por indivíduos como unidade de análise se fundamenta no argumento de que as relações entre agentes sociais são conformadas pelos grupos aos quais eles pertencem conjuntamente, enquanto que os laços entre grupos são formados pelos integrantes que eles compartilham. Para compreender como opera a invisibilização nas redes de relações, empregou-se a metodologia de análise de redes sociais. As técnicas de produção de informações reticulares conhecidas como gerador de nomes e name interpreters possibilitaram construir a trama de relações dos egos entrevistados e explorar os atributos socioeconômicos dos seus alters, respectivamente. Para dar conta da invisibilização nos deslocamentos e destinos dos agentes pesquisados foram realizadas entrevistas semiestruturadas. Foi solicitado a eles que desenhassem em um mapa até três percursos dentro do bairro e três trajetos dentro da cidade, bem como fazer comentários sobre tais deslocamentos. A análise das redes relacionais e dos deslocamentos dos oito casos investigados permite sustentar empiricamente a presença e a operação do mecanismo de invisibilização. De um lado, ela se expressa na tendência de que indivíduos em posições subalternizadas estejam ausentes dos espaços e das relações que estruturam o cotidiano dos indivíduos pesquisados. Tal ausência diminui (e, no limite, impede) a possibilidade de que relações significativas e duradouras se estabeleçam entre os desiguais. Por outro, mesmo quando aquela tendência é rompida e os entrevistados interagem com indivíduos e organizações em posições inferiorizadas, observa-se que tal interação tende a não produzir vínculos relevantes. / This dissertation aims to continue the investigations carried out with two residents’ associations in Porto Alegre – one located in a poor neighborhood and the other in a middle class neighborhood. These surveys have shown that the structural and relational distances among agents who occupy distinct positions in contexts of extreme inequality are reproduced in the conformity of the associative networks as well. Based on these results, the main purpose of this research is presented: to identify and analyze the social processes that help explain the causal association between structural social distance and relational social distance – in other words, homophily – observed in the urban associations in Porto Alegre. Given the impossibility of adequately covering the numerous mechanisms that compete to the (re)production of homophily, we chose to address a mechanism that, hypothetically, seems to play a central role in a context of profound inequality, as it is the case in Brazil: the invisibility mechanism. It is argued that the invisibilization of individuals and groups in inferior positions by the ones that occupy superior positions in the social hierarchy constitutes an important mechanism in the formation of social and symbolic boundaries in social spaces characterized by extreme inequalities. The suggested hypothesis is that invisibilization tends to impede the contact between individuals unequally situated in the social space by establishing social and symbolic boundaries between them, contributing, thus, to the propagation of the structural and relational distances in associations. For the analysis, individuals engaged in two middle class residents’ associations in Porto Alegre are taken as objects of investigation. The relationships and displacements of these individuals are investigated as a methodological resource to analyze the homophylic patterns observed in the performance of the organizations they belong to. The choice for individuals as units of analysis is based on the argument that the relationships among social agents are shaped by the groups in which they participate together, whereas the relations between groups are formed by the participants they have in common. In order to understand how the invisibilization on the networks of relations operates, a method of social network analysis was used. The reticular information production techniques, known as name generators and name interpreters, facilitate the construction of a web of relations of the interviewed egos and the exploration of the socioeconomic attributes of their alters, respectively. To address the invisibilization on the dislocations and destinations of the participants, semi-structured interviews were made. They were asked to draw in a map up to three routes inside their neighborhood and three routes inside the city, as well as to comment about these dislocations. The analysis of the networks of relations and dislocations on the eight cases investigated allow empirical sustention of the presence and operation of the invisibility mechanism. On the one hand, it is expressed on the tendency that individuals in subordinated positions are absent in spaces and relations that structure the daily lives of the participants. This absence decreases (and, ultimately, prevents) the possibility of establishing significant and lasting relationships between the unequal. On the other hand, even when this tendency is broken and the participants interact with individuals and organizations in inferior positions, it is observed that this interaction tends not to produce relevant bonds.
39

Mecanismos da homofilia : a invisibilização dos desiguais no associativismo urbano

Zanata Júnior, Rui January 2012 (has links)
Esta dissertação visa dar prosseguimento às investigações realizadas com duas associações de moradores de Porto Alegre – uma localizada numa vila popular e outra situada num bairro de classe média. Essas pesquisas evidenciaram que as distâncias estruturais e relacionais entre agentes que ocupam posições distintas em contextos de desigualdades extremas se reproduzem também na conformação das redes associativas. Frente a esses resultados, coloca-se a finalidade central desta pesquisa: identificar e analisar processos sociais que permitem explicar a associação causal entre distância social estrutural e distância social relacional – ou seja, a homofilia – observada no associativismo urbano de Porto Alegre. Devido à impossibilidade de abordar adequadamente os diversos mecanismos que concorrem para a (re)produção da homofilia, optou-se por focalizar um mecanismo que, hipoteticamente, parece desempenhar um papel central em um contexto de profunda desigualdade como o brasileiro: o mecanismo de invisibilização. Argumenta-se que a invisibilização de indivíduos e grupos em posições inferiorizadas por parte daqueles ocupantes de posições superiores na hierarquia social constitui um mecanismo importante na constituição das fronteiras sociais e simbólicas em espaços sociais marcados por desigualdades extremas. A hipótese aventada é de que a invisibilização tende a bloquear os contatos entre indivíduos desigualmente situados no espaço social ao estabelecer fronteiras sociais e simbólicas entre eles, contribuindo, assim, na reprodução das distâncias estruturais e relacionais no associativismo. Para fins de análise, tomam-se como objetos de investigação indivíduos engajados em duas associações de moradores de classe média de Porto Alegre. São investigadas as relações e os deslocamentos desses indivíduos como um recurso metodológico para analisar os padrões homofílicos observados na atuação das organizações às quais eles pertencem. A opção por indivíduos como unidade de análise se fundamenta no argumento de que as relações entre agentes sociais são conformadas pelos grupos aos quais eles pertencem conjuntamente, enquanto que os laços entre grupos são formados pelos integrantes que eles compartilham. Para compreender como opera a invisibilização nas redes de relações, empregou-se a metodologia de análise de redes sociais. As técnicas de produção de informações reticulares conhecidas como gerador de nomes e name interpreters possibilitaram construir a trama de relações dos egos entrevistados e explorar os atributos socioeconômicos dos seus alters, respectivamente. Para dar conta da invisibilização nos deslocamentos e destinos dos agentes pesquisados foram realizadas entrevistas semiestruturadas. Foi solicitado a eles que desenhassem em um mapa até três percursos dentro do bairro e três trajetos dentro da cidade, bem como fazer comentários sobre tais deslocamentos. A análise das redes relacionais e dos deslocamentos dos oito casos investigados permite sustentar empiricamente a presença e a operação do mecanismo de invisibilização. De um lado, ela se expressa na tendência de que indivíduos em posições subalternizadas estejam ausentes dos espaços e das relações que estruturam o cotidiano dos indivíduos pesquisados. Tal ausência diminui (e, no limite, impede) a possibilidade de que relações significativas e duradouras se estabeleçam entre os desiguais. Por outro, mesmo quando aquela tendência é rompida e os entrevistados interagem com indivíduos e organizações em posições inferiorizadas, observa-se que tal interação tende a não produzir vínculos relevantes. / This dissertation aims to continue the investigations carried out with two residents’ associations in Porto Alegre – one located in a poor neighborhood and the other in a middle class neighborhood. These surveys have shown that the structural and relational distances among agents who occupy distinct positions in contexts of extreme inequality are reproduced in the conformity of the associative networks as well. Based on these results, the main purpose of this research is presented: to identify and analyze the social processes that help explain the causal association between structural social distance and relational social distance – in other words, homophily – observed in the urban associations in Porto Alegre. Given the impossibility of adequately covering the numerous mechanisms that compete to the (re)production of homophily, we chose to address a mechanism that, hypothetically, seems to play a central role in a context of profound inequality, as it is the case in Brazil: the invisibility mechanism. It is argued that the invisibilization of individuals and groups in inferior positions by the ones that occupy superior positions in the social hierarchy constitutes an important mechanism in the formation of social and symbolic boundaries in social spaces characterized by extreme inequalities. The suggested hypothesis is that invisibilization tends to impede the contact between individuals unequally situated in the social space by establishing social and symbolic boundaries between them, contributing, thus, to the propagation of the structural and relational distances in associations. For the analysis, individuals engaged in two middle class residents’ associations in Porto Alegre are taken as objects of investigation. The relationships and displacements of these individuals are investigated as a methodological resource to analyze the homophylic patterns observed in the performance of the organizations they belong to. The choice for individuals as units of analysis is based on the argument that the relationships among social agents are shaped by the groups in which they participate together, whereas the relations between groups are formed by the participants they have in common. In order to understand how the invisibilization on the networks of relations operates, a method of social network analysis was used. The reticular information production techniques, known as name generators and name interpreters, facilitate the construction of a web of relations of the interviewed egos and the exploration of the socioeconomic attributes of their alters, respectively. To address the invisibilization on the dislocations and destinations of the participants, semi-structured interviews were made. They were asked to draw in a map up to three routes inside their neighborhood and three routes inside the city, as well as to comment about these dislocations. The analysis of the networks of relations and dislocations on the eight cases investigated allow empirical sustention of the presence and operation of the invisibility mechanism. On the one hand, it is expressed on the tendency that individuals in subordinated positions are absent in spaces and relations that structure the daily lives of the participants. This absence decreases (and, ultimately, prevents) the possibility of establishing significant and lasting relationships between the unequal. On the other hand, even when this tendency is broken and the participants interact with individuals and organizations in inferior positions, it is observed that this interaction tends not to produce relevant bonds.
40

Role of e-commerce for the survival of food service industry during covid-19

Islam, Ashraful, Sultana, Sonia January 2020 (has links)
Title: Role of e-commerce for the survival of food service industry during covid-19 Level: Thesis for Master‟s Degree in Business Administration   Authors: Ashraful Islam and Sonia Sultana    Supervisor: Professor Akmal Hyder   Examiner: Dr. Olivia Kang   Final submission date: 28-01-2021     Aim: The aim of the study is to examine the various factors involved in adopting an ecommerce platform to overcome the challenges of the covid-19 pandemic in food service industry. Methods: For the research purpose, we have conceptually reviewed articles, books published in different journals, face-to-face interviews, and online surveys. As a methodology, we have used the qualitative method with an inductive approach. We have used primary data only from five intensive interviews in two companies located in Stockholm. We also collected data from the online survey.    Findings: Our research result was outstanding; we have found that the adoption of e-commerce for the foodservice company has a positive impact. This e-commerce platform helps to survive their business in this pandemic situation and contributes to overcome all the challenges faces by the covid-19 pandemic.    Contribution of the thesis: This study contributes to the literature of both challenges of covid-19 created by covid-19 and factors involved in adopting e-commerce platforms to overcome the challenges.    Suggestions for further research: This study is based on Sweden and we only used data from Sweden based restaurant, so, we suggest more extensive research on different type and location of the restaurant.    Key Words: Challenges of covid-19, adoption of e-commerce, online food order, health and safety, Pandemic, Social distance.

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