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The coping resources and subjective well-being of dual-career Hindu mothersPrag, Hanita T January 2007 (has links)
With the increasing number of women entering the labour force internationally, the role of women is changing. Consequently, researchers are pressed to investigate how females of all cultures balance their work and family responsibilities. Amongst Hindu couples, this issue can either be a source of tension or positive support. An overview of literature indicates that the psychological aspects of dual-career Hindu women have received little attention in South Africa. The current study aimed to explore and describe coping resources and the subjective well-being of full-time employed Hindu mothers. The study took the form of a non-experimental exploratory-descriptive design. Participants were selected through nonprobability convenience sampling. The sample of the study consisted of sixty full-time employed Hindu mothers between the ages of 25 and 45 years of age who had at least one dependent primary school child aged between 7 to 12 years. Various questionnaires were used to collect data for this study. These included a Biographical Questionnaire, The Coping Resources Inventory (CRI), The Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS), and The Affectometer 2 (AFM2). Data was analysed by means of descriptive statistics. Cronbach’s coefficient alphas were utilised to calculate the reliability of the scores of each questionnaire. A multivariate technique was used to determine the amount of clusters formed. A non-hierarchical partitioning technique known as K-means cluster analysis was utilised in this study. An analysis of variance (ANOVA) was utilised in order to compare the mean scores of the various clusters. A post-hoc analysis using the Scheffé test was computed to test for significant differences. Cohen’s d statistics was subsequently used to determine the practical significance of the differences found between the cluster means on each of the measures. The cluster analysis indicated three clusters that differed significantly from one another on all three measures. The results of the CRI indicated that the participants used cognitive and spiritual resources to assist them to cope with the transition from traditional to modern contemporary roles. It was also found that the participants with low coping resources had inferior subjective well-being compared to those who had average and high CRI scores. The findings indicated that the participants were generally satisfied with their lives and experienced high levels of positive affect and low levels of negative affect. However, as a group there was a trend for the participants to have experienced slightly lower levels of global happiness or slightly negative affect. The results of this study broadens the knowledge base of positive psychology with respect to the diverse cultures and gender roles within South Africa. Overall, this study highlighted the value and the need for South African research on the coping resources and subjective well-being of dual-career Hindu mothers.
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Wergild among northwest coast IndiansPiddocke, Stuart Michael January 1960 (has links)
The problem that this thesis begins with is: Why did the Kwakiutl and Nootka not have feud-indemnities, whereas the other nations of the Northwest Coast had them? The method chosen is that of proposing a hypothesis and then seeing if the data bear it out.
The first chapter of this thesis puts forward the hypothesis in question: that the Kwakiutl and Nootka did not have feud-indemnities because they had instead a high degree of individual geographic, inter-group mobility; such that if a person were not getting along in the group he lived with, he would simply depart to another group before disagreements and resultant tension burst out into open violence and so began a feud. Feud-indemnities, so the hypothesis suggests, act as an honourable way of ending or avoiding a feud, and so render it, by reducing its chances of disrupting the society, a more efficient method of legal enforcement.
But unless feuding is relatively frequent there will be no need for the social group to adopt feud-indemnities in order to survive. High individual geographic mobility among the Kwakiutl and Nootka, so runs the hypothesis, reduced feuding and removed the necessity for feud-indemnities; therefore feud-indemnities did not arise among these tribes. And we should expect to find that the other groups which had feud-indemnities, were without high individual geographic mobility.
The next six chapters describe the socio-political systems of the Nootka, the Kwakiutl, the Tlingit, Haida and Tsimshian, the Bella Coola and Coast Salish, the Chinook, and the northwestern Californians—confirming the hypothesis and so answering the question that began the enquiry. The Kwakiutl, Nootka, Bella Coola, and Upper Stalo (a Coast Salish group) had high individual geographic mobility and no feud-indemnities, while the rest of the Northwest Coast nations had feud-indemnities and low individual geographic, mobility. / Arts, Faculty of / Anthropology, Department of / Graduate
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Interaction of myth and social contect in the village of Cape Mudge the myths of a people are bound into the total system of social relationsInglis, Joyce Gloria January 1965 (has links)
The problem around which this thesis is written
concerns the relation of myth to social organization in a
small society. The society chosen for intensive study is
Cape Madge, British Columbia, a Kwakiutl village of the
Southern Lekwiltok group on the Northwest coast of North
America.
That myth and social organization are bound in
together in a total system of social relations has been
demonstrated for primitive societies by such eminent
anthropologists as Raymond Firth, Bronislaw Malinowski, and
Sir Peter Buck for the Oceanic area. The material gathered
by Boas for the Kwakiutl of the Northwest coast of North
America implies the same for traditional Kwakiutl society.
Myths interact with all other elements of social structure
and organization, so that the total system of social relations
in the society is not to be understood without an understanding
of the role of myth in providing a wide frame of reference
within which the total social behavior of the members of the
society becomes significant. This proposition has been
accepted into the body of generalizations about primitive
society built up In the field of anthropology. It does not
Imply a conception of society as an apparatus maintaining the
culture as it is, since all cultures are changing by the
stresses inherent in social interaction and by the choices open to individuals. The empirical data brought forward in
this thesis to support the assumption that myth and social
organisation are bound together in a system of social
relationships demonstrate that such a system is not closed,
but open to adjustment without apparent opposition.
This thesis is an attempt to give fuller meaning
to the generalisation that the myths of a people are bound
into the total system of social relations. The proposition
advanced here is that even under conditions of advanced acculturation (to Western European culture) in a small once tribal society, myth will play a part. Where the old myths
fade, new ones will arise to take their places in the, changing social context. The alteration of social structure,
of social organisation, and of the roles played by
individuals will create the need for maintaining some ancient
myths that underwrite the worthiness of the individual and
group. New myths will arise to justify rapidly changing
patterns of behavior under the impact of Euro-American
culture. This proposition has been tested and supported by
the data derived from field work.
Upon the basis of the affirmation of this proposition
by data derived in a small society in the process of
rapid change, the above hypothesis may be generalised to
suggest that in all tribal societies moving rapidly into the
orbit of advanced ones, myth will not be lost. Just as social structure, social organization and the roles of individuals
will change feat be fitted into new configurations, so myth
will not disappear but be transfigured or newly created in
order to meet the needs of people for an understanding of
their changing existence.
The operation of myth and social context In Cape
Hudge society today is discussed in this thesis by reference
to the operation of myths in two important areas of social
organizations social control and values. The exploration
of myth in these areas touches upon most aspects of life in
the village.
Intensive field work was of one month's duration
in the summer of 1963 when I lived with my husband and three
children in the village but casual contacts and interest in
the village had extended over a ten-year period prior to the
formal study. The contacts made by my husband, two teen-age
children and on pre-school child extended the range of
social contacts very considerably. The definition of my
position as wife and mother was of prime importance to my
ready acceptance. The villagers had happily been introduced
to anthropologists through Helen Codere who left behind an
atmosphere of admiration and trust. The villagers expressed
the opinion that other villages were getting anthropologists
interested in them and they thought it was high time for
someone from the University to come again. The field work situation could not have been more propitious I wish to
express my sincere regard for the great achievements of
these people and my thanks for their generosity and
hospitality. / Arts, Faculty of / Anthropology, Department of / Graduate
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The persistence of traditional ways in an Inuit communityButler, Barbara Louise January 1985 (has links)
The persistence of traditional ways in a Canadian Arctic Community
is demonstrated by the examination of the Inuit community of Pelly Bay, NWT. The discussion is concerned with the manner in which the modern community continues to function in an Inuit manner
despite the adoption of elements of western society such as modern technology and an economic system based on cash.
Data for the study are, for the most part, the result of fieldwork in Pelly Bay in 1982. Data are presented on various aspects
of the modern community with a particular emphasis on resource
utilization and economic activities. / Arts, Faculty of / Geography, Department of / Graduate
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Agricultural development and fertility patterns in the dry zone of Sri Lanka, 1946-1971Gansner, James Hill 11 1900 (has links)
The main objective of this study is to determine whether 1971 fertility differentials in Sri Lanka's dry zone can be explained in terms of agricultural development. It is hypothesized that agricultural development might be associated with low fertility due to the effects of agricultural development on intermediate variables found to be closely related to fertility in other studies. Yotopoulos work on the relation between economic development and fertility provides a useful theoretical frame. The methodology employed is path analysis. Findings indicate that agricultural development is not related to fertility differentials in Sri Lanka's dry zone. Differentials in fertility are explained primarily in terms of cultural factors, female education, female age at marriage, and family planning. / Graduate and Postdoctoral Studies / Graduate
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Koreans in the diaspora : identity development of Korean immigrant students in a multicultural contextKim, Ihhwa 05 1900 (has links)
The objective of this study is to approach the lived experiences and the identity
development of Korean immigrant students in Canada. The concept of diaspora suggests to
look at the new style of identity in a global world.
In order to describe Korean students' transnational experience, the study attempts: 1)
to determine the influence of immigration on the development of students' identity, 2) to
examine the cultural and racial experience in different situations, 3) to discuss how Korean
students situate themselves and develop their self-concepts in relationship to others.
The study employed a qualitative method and conducted ten individual, semi-structured
interviews. In the study, ten Korean immigrant students were asked about their
immigration backgrounds, their experiences at school and home, their friendships with Korean
friends and non-Korean friends, and their future plans.
My analysis attempts to examine the discrepancy between: 1) how Korean students
see themselves, 2) how they think they are viewed by others 3) what they aspire to become in
the future. Most Korean students identified themselves as "Korean" while others described
themselves as "Asian" or did not wish to identify themselves. However, their self-definitions
did not always coincide with how others saw them in different situations. At school, students
tended to be seen as Asians by the mainstream, and shared the experience of being victims of
racism. This shared experience along with the cultural similarity allowed them to have closer
relationships with Asians. However, physical, cultural and historical "invisibility" of Koreans
among Asians contributed to create a sense of inferiority. At home, students try to reward their
parents' sacrifices by being "successful" at school, planning a future career, as well as
maintaining Korean traditions at home.
Korean students develop new identities in their country of settlement, but at the same
time, they are still mentally connected to their country of origin. The source of Korean identity
is readily accessible in a multicultural society, and globalisation facilitates a connection for
Koreans to their homeland.
The concept of diaspora presents a new look at the minority students' special
relationship to their countries of settlement and their country of origin. It can give a deeper
understanding of the social reality in which minority students live. / Education, Faculty of / Educational Studies (EDST), Department of / Graduate
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Alternative genders in the Coast Salish world : paradox and patternYoung, Jean C. 11 1900 (has links)
The concern of this thesis is the position of people of alternative genders in Coast Salish culture,
not only in the past, but in the present. How were individuals with such a difference treated? What forces
constrained them? What factors afforded them opportunity? Were such genders even recognized? With
these questions in mind, field work was conducted with the permission of the Std: Id Nation throughout the
summer of 1998. This paper is based on interviews conducted then and subsequent interviews with people
from other Coast Salish groups. In addition, local ethnographic materials—with reference to field notes
whenever possible—and traditional stories were analyzed from the perspective of Coast Salish
epistemology. Alternative genders need to be understood foremost in the cultural contexts in which they
occur, only then can comparisons proceed from a secure foundation.
Research revealed a paradoxical situation. Oral traditions in which the alternately gendered are
despised, occur side-by-side with traditions in which such people were honoured for the special powers
they possessed. Individuals and families operated in the space generated by this paradox, playing the
"serious games" to which Ortner alludes (1996:12-13). The absence of a "master narrative" in Coast
Salish culture accounts for some, but not all of these contradictions. Equally relevant are persistent
patterns of secrecy, personal autonomy, kin solidarity, differential status, and differential gender flexibility
that both restrict the social field and offer stress points that were, and are, manipulated in individual and
collective strategies. Given a world view in which transformation was the norm, and in which the
disadvantaged could become powerful overnight by revealing the power they had hidden, some
alternatively gendered people were able to maximize their potential and become significant forces. No
formal roles offered sanction, instead an ad hoc approach marked the response to alternative genders and
the outcome rested on the position of the individual and her/his family, and their ability to maneuver
within multiple constraints. It was this potential to transform a stigmatized status into an honoured role
that made the position of the alternatively gendered paradoxical. / Arts, Faculty of / Anthropology, Department of / Graduate
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Sherpa womenWoodruff, Sylvia 01 January 1988 (has links)
No description available.
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我國西南民族的婚姻制度HUANG, Jinluan 10 June 1948 (has links)
No description available.
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Birds of a feather flock together : a study of homophily tendency in social networks of mainland undergraduate students in Hong KongZhu, Shu 01 January 2012 (has links)
No description available.
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