"Factors Associated With Crime and Juvenile Delinquency, Economic Dependency, and Inadequate Child Care In Multi-Problem Families". A thesis presented by Collin Carlile, John Cushnie, Roy Fong, Kenneth Pauli, Helen Ruckle, Ailsa Walker and Arthur Veroba. The purpose of this study was to explore associations between the factors of child care, crime and juvenile delinquency, and economic dependency, and selected family functioning variables. These family functioning variables were chosen from the scale utilized by Geismar-Ayres in the St. Paul Study on Multi-Problem Families. Simple random sampling was used to select 100 cases from a group of 250 cases previously selected and in use by the Vancouver Area Development Project. The source material consisted of Area Development Project case profiles and score sheets, and selected case file material. The collected data was sorted and tabulated in such a manner as to allow comparison of the association between the specific variables. The reliability of the ratings used was assumed as all data was previously recorded by Vancouver Area Development Project Staff who had been trained in utilizing the rating scale. This study was an "ex-post-facto” survey and therefore was not intended to necessarily delineate any complex etiological patterns. No factors were found to be highly associated with any of the family functioning variables though several incidents of moderate association were found. The family functioning factor most closely associated with economic dependency was the absence of one parent from the home. The factor most closely associated with inadequate child care was the inadequate behaviour of the mother. The factor most closely associated with delinquency and crime was inadequacy in the behaviour of the mother and inadequacy in marital relationships respectively. The major significant findings of this study would seem to indicate that it has fulfilled its purpose by underlining the need for further studies of family functioning variables within the context of multi-problem families. Such future studies would necessarily be intensified both in depth and focus. / Arts, Faculty of / Social Work, School of / Graduate

A thesis submitted to the Faculty of Arts in fulfillment of the requirements of the Degree of Master of Master in the Department of Social Work at the University of Zululand, 1995. / Teenage motherhood has always been an area of concern for social welfare workers. The welfare of the teenage mother herself and the offspring is always at stake especially when there are no supportive structures to deal with the problem. Observation indicates a growing phenomenon, that is, teenage motherhood in the rural communities. In a nutshell, the investigation focused on the social needs of teenage mothers and the circumstances of their life and the exploration of the alternative helping measures to assist these teenage mothers cope with the problem of teenage motherhood. Two hundred (200) teenage mothers in the Ongoye and Enseleni districts were involved in the study. These were purposively sampled from the population of the teenage mothers who patronise the ante-natal clinics for immunisation purposes. Data was gathered by means of interviews. The study advocates that the teenage mothers are a social population group with specific social needs. These social needs are the requirements necessary for the teenagers' survival, growth and fulfilment. It is concluded that there is a standard of quality of life to be maintained. Teenage mothers are young persons who have become victims of labelling by an inadequate service. Teenage motherhood is symptomatic to the disintegration of the traditional societal structures and consequently social values as a result of social change. The rural communities of Ongoye and Enseleni have fallen victim of such change. The societal function in assisting teenagers through their rites of passage has weakened and no social institution has assumed full responsibility for this. The study emphasises a need for a structured youth service. Both preventive and curative action is essential. There is a need for social work services that not only aims to bring comfort in a distressing situation but also to seek to prevent a deterioration that may lead to a young person being labelled as "a teenage mother". A clue to alternative strategies of alleviating the problem of teenage motherhood is given. These strategies are in the following areas: (i) Social work with the community in looking at teenage motherhood. (ii) Development of the therapeutic and the self development programmes for the teenage mothers. (iii) Youth care programmes in the rural areas as a focus of social work.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of California, San Diego, 2002. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 203-209).

Thesis (D. Min.)--Western Conservative Baptist Seminary, 1990. / Abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 590-592).

Thesis--Hamburg. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 297-307).

Thesis (D. Min.)--Harding Graduate School of Religion, 1984. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 198-202).

Drought is a complex subject that has varied definitions and perspectives. Although drought has historically been characterized as an environmental problem from both the meteorological and agricultural communities, it is not considered a sociological disaster despite its severe societal impacts. Utilizing the framework developed by Spector and Kitsuse (2011) and Stallings (1995), this research examines the process through which drought is defined as a social problem. An analysis of the data revealed drought was well covered in Africa, India, China, Australia, and New Zealand, yet very little coverage focused on the United States. There were less than 10 articles discussing drought and drought impacts in the United States. The workshops/meetings examined also were lacking in the attention to drought, although their overall theme was focused on hazards and resilience. Six sessions in over 16 years of meetings/workshops focused on the topic of drought, and one session was focused on the condition in Canada. The interviews uncovered five thematic areas demonstrating drought understanding and awareness: Use of outreach to get the message out; agricultures familiarity with drought; the role of drought in media; the variability of what drought is; and water conservation. Drought's claims-makers who are dedicated to providing outreach and education to impacted communities. Drought is often overlooked due to its slow onset and evolving development makes it difficult to determine when to engage in recovery efforts. Drought defined as a social problem also expands theoretical conversations regarding what events or issues should be included within the sociological disaster list of topics.

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