Ward environment as assessed by the Ward Atmosphere Scale was the focus of this exploratory study. The Ward Atmosphere scores of 110 patients hospitalized on two units for acute psychiatric care in a state hospital were analyzed for determining differences along the dimensions of population factors, sex and program change. Significant differences in attitude were obtained on certain of the ten scales for each of the three comparisons. The premise of ward atmosphere being a global entity as implied in the literature was not upheld in this population. Sex differences were noted and introduction of an individualized patient management program evoked significant changes in opinions concerning ward atmosphere. A number of interpretations for these results were offered and implication for future research was suggested.

Orientador: Leila Maria Ferreira Salles / Banca: Débora Cristina Fonseca / Banca: Fabiana Aparecida de Carvalho / Resumo: Os adolescentes que cumprem Medidas Socioeducativas no Brasil têm cor e classe social: são negros e pobres. Isso não significa que apenas estes cometem atos infracionais, e sim que, via de regra, há uma seleção de quem responde e de como responde por tais atos. Desta forma, a população negra e pobre está mais sujeita a sofrer os danos decorrentes da desigualdade social do país. Mas isso não acontece apenas quando há responsabilização pelas infrações que cometeram. Acontece antes, quando eles ficam à margem das políticas públicas sociais, estas que estão previstas nas legislações nacionais e têm como objetivo redistribuir os benefícios socias a fim de diminuir as desigualdades estruturais. Para compreender melhor o lugar dessas políticas na vida de adolescentes em conflito com a lei é que foi proposta esta pesquisa, de natureza qualitativa, que tem por objetivo analisar como a inserção de políticas sociais afetam as trajetórias de vida de adolescentes em conflito com a lei. Para tanto, foram realizadas entrevistas semiestruturadas com jovens da cidade de Araras/SP que saíram da Fundação CASA entre 2015 e 2016. Os dados coletados nas entrevistas foram organizados e tratados por meio de análise de conteúdo. Os resultados indicam que várias políticas sociais alcançaram os entrevistados antes de seu envolvimento com o meio ilícito, porém, elas não foram efetivas, por várias razões, dentre elas, a falta de investimento do poder público nestas políticas, que acabam sendo executadas ... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: Adolescents who comply with Socio-educational Measures in Brazil have color and social class: they are black and poor. This does not mean that only these commit offenses, but that, as a rule, there is a selection of who responds and how they respond for such acts. In this way, the black and poor population is more likely to suffer the damages resulting from the country's social inequality. But this does not happen only when there is accountability for the infractions they have committed. It happens first, when they are excluded from public social policies, which are provided for in national legislation and aim to redistribute social benefits in order to reduce structural inequalities. To better understand the place of these policies in the lives of adolescents in conflict with the law, this qualitative research was proposed, whose objective is to analyze how the insertion of social policies affect the life trajectories of adolescents in conflict with the law. For that, semi-structured interviews were conducted with youngsters from the city of Araras/SP who left the Fundação CASA between 2015 and 2016. The data collected in the interviews were organized and treated through content analysis. The results indicate that several social policies reached the interviewees before their involvement with the illicit means, however, they were not effective, for several reasons, among them, the lack of investment of the public power in these policies, that are executed by few employees and... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Mestre

This document is submitted in partial fulfilment for the degree: Master of Architecture [Professional] at the University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa, in the year 2013. / In South Africa there are approximately three million people between the ages of 18 and 24 who are unemployed or not part of an education or training institute. There are residing issues concerning education in post-apartheid South Africa, such as poor quality education in areas where the socio-economic climates still prove challenging and an increasing absence of educational institutions and training facilities. As a result, South Africa is suffering from a lack of skilled labour across all sectors of trade. In the Green Paper for Post-School Education and Training, published in 2012, the Department of Higher Education and Training (DHET) addresses the current issues around education in South Africa and indicates that part of the resolution is to form a “nexus between the formal education system and the workplace.” Both private and public sectors need to adopt new infrastructure to ensure a higher success rate for empowering South Africans through the provision of skills-based education. This thesis is about creating a ‘new’ school idea - The Incubation Hub - for artisans, where architectural technological innovation meets education in South Africa, opens up vocational opportunities and subsequently allows for economic growth. The ‘new’ school will not only create a stronger and a more advanced workforce for South Africa but aims to bridge the gap between the corporate sector and the education and political sectors. The Incubation Hub tackles the proposed matter by recognising the opportunity for an architectural intervention, whereby a literal and physical symbiotic relationship is formed between two buildings – each with a separate function and role in society and the economy - that unites their individual responsibilities to create a new identity. In doing so, the Incubation Hub aims to improve the social and economic status of South Africa on a local and global level.

A thesis submitted to the Faculty of Science, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. Johannesburg, 2017. / This study analyses the politics of liberation heritage in postcolonial southern Africa with special reference to Mozambique. The aim is to scrutinise the different ways in which liberation heritage discourse is used and mobilised to construct a range of socioeconomic and political values in the southern African region and to examine the processes of heritagization in Mozambique based on field observations at two national heritage sites: Chilembene and Matchedje. I adopt the conceptualisation of heritage as discourse and put the hegemonic Western heritage discourses into historical perspective in order to explore how this Western understanding of the past has influenced the official discourse and practice in southern Africa in both colonial and postcolonial periods. I argue that the process of re-appropriation and ‘mimicry’ which allow the perpetuation of Western paradigms in the conception of heritage result from a combination of geopolitical and socio-economic contexts and circumstances at play nationally, regionally and globally, combined with the strategies adopted by former national liberation movement’s ruling elites to pursue their own nationalist agendas related to state-crafting and nation-building. I also argue that the recent traction that has led to the institutionalisation of liberation heritage discourse in southern Africa, represents a specific way in which former national liberation movements, now in government, have tried to respond to changes in circumstances marked by an increasing contestation by the different social groups over the content of the official discourse of ‘the past’, based on selective memories of the liberation struggle, in an increasingly disputed multi-party democratic dispensation. To understand the politics of heritagization of the liberation struggle in postcolonial Mozambique, I look at FRELIMO’s efforts to undertake selective celebrations and to silence particular ‘pasts’ for particular ‘presents’ during the struggle years as well as through the different socio-political and economic contexts of the successive presidencies: Samora Machel (1975-86), Joaquim Chissano (-2004) and Armando Guebuza (-2014). By (1) addressing the question of why and how the heritagization of this particular category of the past (i.e. liberation heritage) accomplishes the reproduction of state power held by ruling elites of former national liberation movements, and by (2) illustrating the networks of meanings and practices on which liberation heritage rests, and by (3) analysing the socioeconomic, cultural and political work it does, this study contributes to the embryonic body of knowledge about heritage processes in southern Africa. / LG2017

While there exists substantial research on struggling and developmental readers, few research-practitioners have sought to examine the histories and circumstances that result in strong readers. This study drew upon the reading autobiographies of doctoral students in an English Education program at an Ivy League institution, in order to discover what can be learned from first-hand narrative accounts of their reading lives about the early literacy experiences, reading practices, family, community, school and cultural influences of a group of “strong” adult readers. Also examined for comparative and contrasting data are the reading lives of remedial and honors first-year college composition students at a 2-year community college. An understanding of how the environments, people, institutions, circumstances, and texts encountered in the literacy lives of the three different groups studied here can assist literacy educators in bridging theory with practice for the teaching of reading in early grades and for the teaching of college-level reading in first-year college writing classes. A central term and concept to help explain the trajectory of the reading lives of the populations studied here was Deborah Brandt’s (1998) theory of “sponsors of literacy.” Brandt’s terminology and the notion of sponsorship along with a sociocultural theoretical framework are used to interpret the reading autobiographies in this study. Methods employed were based on Connelly and Clandinin’s narrative inquiry approach, a methodology steeped in the richness of the storied lives of the participants. The three patterns that emerged in the strong readers’ memories were: (a) being read to in the home prior to school age; (b) dichotomous attitudes toward in-school and out-of-school reading, especially around the middle school years; and (c) evidence of firm productive habits of mind toward complex reading that extends into the higher education years. The early literacy sponsorship and productive habits of mind were less evidenced in the remedial population. The findings of certain common characteristics and practices in the backgrounds of strong readers, many of which were not present at the same level in the remedial readers, can help literacy educators and caregivers re-examine their role as literacy sponsors and offer approaches for how we might sponsor literacy differently to create strong readers at any stage of their education.

Título original: O que dizem famílias homoparentais sobre as relações estabelecidas com a escola de seus filhos : aceitação ou discriminação? / Orientador: Marilda da Silva / Banca: Leila Maria Ferreira Salles / Banca: Anna Paula Uziel / Resumo: Trata-se de uma pesquisa exploratória no âmbito da violência da/na escola contra a família homoparental de abordagem, majoritariamente, qualitativa. O objetivo é apreender o que dizem pais e mães homossexuais sobre as relações estabelecidas com funcionários, docentes e discentes das escolas de seus filhos/as; suas expectativas e avaliações gerais sobre as instituições são igualmente apreendidas. A revisão bibliográfica resultou em 54 obras: 35 artigos; sete pesquisas em âmbito nacional; seis dissertações; quatro livros e duas teses. As fontes são entrevistas semiestruturadas, realizadas com três mães e sete pais- representantes de dez famílias homoparentais das regiões Sudeste e Centro-Oeste. Além das entrevistas, aplicou-se um instrumento denominado Ficha de Identificação que possibilitou dados socioeconômicos sobre os sujeitos. A coleta dos dados foi amparada por autores como Thompson (1992), Woods (1999) e Bourdieu (1999), em triangulação com os autores da revisão bibliográfica focada na temática Família Homoparental. A análise dos dados foi realizada por meio de uma aproximação à Análise de Conteúdo (BARDIN, 1977). A partir de Núcleos Informativos produzidos com as entrevistas, temos os seguintes resultados: 60% dos sujeitos afirmam não ter sofrido homofobia devido à homoparentalidade por parte de funcionários escolares. Todavia, identificamos situações de preconceito por uma criança portar necessidades especiais e um caso de bullying. Em 40% dos relatos encontramos as se... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: It is an exploratory research in the scope of violence of/at school against the homoparental family of approach, mainly, qualitative. The objective of this research is to understand what homosexual parents say about the relationships established with employees, teachers and students in their children's schools; their expectations and general assessments of institutions are equally apprehended. The bibliographic review resulted in 54 works: 35 articles; seven national surveys; six dissertations; four books and two theses. The sources are semi-structured interviews, carried out with three mothers and seven fathers - representatives of ten homoparental families from the southeastern and center-western regions. In addition to the interviews, an instrument called Identification Card was applied to collect socioeconomic data of the subjects. The data collection was supported by authors such as Thompson (1992), Woods (1999) and Bourdieu (1999), in triangulation with the authors of the bibliographical review focused on the theme Homoparental Family. Data analysis was performed by means of a Content Analysis approach (BARDIN, 1977). From the Information Centers produced with the interviews, we have the following results: 60% of the subjects affirmed that they did not suffer homophobia due to homoparentality by school officials. However, we identified situations of prejudice agaisnt a child with special needs and a case of bullying. In 40% of the reports we found the following forms of... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Mestre

by Yeung Wing Tsui, Lisa. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1993. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 156-167). / Abstract --- p.i / Acknowledgements --- p.ii / Contents --- p.iii / Introduction --- p.1 / Chapter I. --- Professionalism as Cognition in a Discursive Society --- p.11 / The Taxonomical Approach: Reappraisal --- p.11 / The Power Paradigm: Room for Improvement --- p.18 / "Cognition, Professional Discourse and Society" --- p.23 / Chapter II. --- Foucault's Theoretical Contributions to the Study of Professions --- p.37 / """Power/Knowledge"": Archaeology and Genealogy" --- p.39 / """Disciplines"" and ""Disciplinary Society""" --- p.49 / """Disciplinary Apparatus"" and Arenas of Jurisdictional Claims" --- p.56 / Chapter III. --- The Hong Kong Western and Chinese Medical Professions --- p.66 / The General Scenario and Some Theoretical Highlights --- p.67 / The Medical Attitude of Hong Kong People --- p.75 / Chapter IV. --- The Production of the Hong Kong Western- Chinese Medical Discourse in Historical Context --- p.83 / The Social Organization of Health Care Service --- p.84 / Chinese Medicine as a Rational System --- p.89 / The Importance of the Establishment of Tung Wah Hospital to the Production of the Local Medical Discourse --- p.94 / The 1894 Bubonic Plague: Consolidation of the Western-dominant Medical Cognitive Structure --- p.102 / Chapter V. --- "Institutions, ""Disciplinary Power"" and Dissemination of Social Knowledge: Further Medical Discourse" --- p.110 / The Educational and Credential Arena --- p.111 / The Public Arena --- p.118 / The Political Arena --- p.122 / The Legal Arena --- p.128 / The Workplace Arena --- p.132 / Conclusion --- p.138 / Notes --- p.146 / References --- p.158

by Chun-wai Chan. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1998. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 62-66). / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / Acknowledgments --- p.i / Abstract --- p.ii / Table of Contents --- p.iv / List of Tables --- p.v / List of Figures --- p.vi / Chapter Chapter 1 --- Introduction --- p.1 / Chapter Chapter 2 --- Data Source --- p.4 / Chapter Chapter 3 --- Methodology --- p.11 / Chapter Chapter 4 --- Empirical Analysis --- p.13 / Chapter Chapter 5 --- Conclusion --- p.34 / Appendix --- p.36 / References --- p.62

本文提出「影像/形象資本」作為考察影像/形象、資本及權間關係的工具。「影像/形象資本」發展至自布爾迪卮的文化資本，但「影像/形象」資本把焦點放在視覺或形象資源如何在文化/經濟、生產/消費以及上層建築/下層建構界線越趨模糊的符號空間經濟主導代，成為文化場域中新的權資源。 / 透過考察橫店影視城一個結合影視生產及遊的中國影城生產地域化及經濟符號化的過程，本文嘗試對「影像/形象資本」的概作深入的分析。沿著布爾迪卮的框架，影視城被視為一個由擁有同影像/形象資本的能動者構成的場域，而這些能動者自在地及跨境的生產及消費網絡。在橫店影視城生產、積與轉換的過程的探中，本文嘗試回答：一)影像/形象在文化場域中的功能及其轉換為經濟或其他資本的條件；二) 影像/形象資本在國際文化分工成員中的分佈以及其結構對影像資本的價值及轉換的影響。第一條問題旨在闡釋經濟符號化的過程，第二條問題則希望剖析影像/形象與資本主義結下的地域分工以及動政治。作為一個可以同時探究影像帶的可能性及限制的概，影像/形象資本把媒介影像的研究，從批判學派對影像呈現的控制及霸權形成，展至影像對同能動者、以至在符號經濟時代中冒升的社會機構所產生的建設性及壓迫性的權的多重探索。 / This thesis develops the concept of image capital to investigate the relationship between image, capital and power. Image capital is built on Bourdieu's concept of cultural capital, but looks specifically into how visual and imagery resources becomes a power at stake in the cultural field at the juncture of the economies of signs and space featured by growing convergence of culture and the economy and subsequent blurring of the boundaries between base/superstructure and production/consumption. / The concept of image capital is examined through the case study of the spatialization and the semioticization processes of Hengdian World Studios, a China studio complex that serves domestic and international film and TV productions and operates film studio tourism. The studio, as a case, is theorized as a field which is constituted by different agents with various forms of image capital, including those embedded in local as well as transnational production and consumption networks. The processes of production, accumulation and conversion of image capital at the field of Hengdian World Studios are investigated to chart 1) how image functions as a form of capital at stake in the cultural field and how it can be converted into other forms of capital; 2) how the distribution of image capital is structured amongst agents in the field and how this structure influences the value and conversion rate image capital to other forms of capital. The first question aims at studying the semioticization process, whilst the second attempts to scrutinize the spatialization and the labor politics underpinning the alliance of image and capitalism. By theorizing image as Bourdieusean form of capital and examining both its enabling possibilities and constraints, this thesis sheds light on the study of media images by steering beyond ideological control to both the productive and repressive power of images onto different agents as well as the social intuitions of the up and rising economies of sign and space. / Detailed summary in vernacular field only. / Detailed summary in vernacular field only. / Chow, Pui Ha. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2012. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves [419-439]). / Electronic reproduction. Hong Kong : Chinese University of Hong Kong, [2012] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Abstract also in Chinese. / ABSTRACT / 摘要 / ACKNOWLEDGMENTS / TABLE OF CONTENT / Chapter CHAPTER I --- Introduction --- p.1 / Chapter CHAPTER II --- Image and Capitalism --- p.21 / Marx's capital and critical media theories on image studies --- p.21 / Political economies of signs and the media --- p.26 / Implications of the political economy of signs on critical Marxist media theories --- p.31 / Alternative frameworks for the study of image and capitalism: End of Production and Labor or NICL? Or Bridging capital and labor in image production and consumption? --- p.38 / Chapter CHAPTER III --- Bourdieu's Capital, Field and Habitus --- p.51 / Bourdieu's concept of Capital --- p.52 / Field and Habitus --- p.63 / Theoretical implications of habitus and field of Bouredieusean capital --- p.71 / Chapter CHAPTER IV --- Field Theory of Cultural Production and the Political Economy of Signs --- p.76 / The field of cultural production --- p.77 / The field of cultural production and the political economies of signs and space --- p.91 / Image Capital and the political economies of signs and space --- p.105 / Chapter CHAPTER V --- Image Capital, Field and Film Studio --- p.112 / Intercontextuality: Contextual knowledge, globalization and field --- p.113 / Film Studio, image capital and field --- p.117 / Research question, design and method --- p.124 / Chapter CHAPTER VI --- The Development of Film Studio Complex --- p.135 / The emergence of film studio complex in the global field --- p.135 / Transformation of China's National Field of Cultural Production --- p.144 / Conclusion: Studio complex, image capital, and field of cultural production --- p.170 / Chapter CHAPTER VII --- Spatialization: Hengdian as a Field of Cultural Production --- p.176 / Iron Road: co-production, image capital, and boundaries negotations --- p.179 / Hengdian World Studios as Image Factory --- p.192 / Conclusion: the image factory flying beyond the place --- p.219 / Chapter CHAPTER VIII --- Semioticization: Capitalizing Image and the Mediation of Production and Consumption --- p.227 / Image capital and film-induced tourism --- p.228 / Capitalizing image at Hengdian World Studios --- p.237 / Key Image Labors --- p.252 / Chinese Hollywood: the negotiations and struggles in the capitalization of the global and the national imagination --- p.261 / Conclusion --- p.271 / Chapter CHAPTER IX --- Image Capital and Tourist Consumption: Gaze, Class and Prosumption --- p.275 / Image capital and tourist consumption --- p.276 / Tourist gaze at Hengdian World Studios --- p.284 / Image Capital, class and prosumption --- p.314 / Chapter CHAPTER X --- Image Capital and Place-Making --- p.339 / Hardware make-up: physical infrastructure engineering --- p.341 / Software make-up: lifestyle formation --- p.345 / Place branding --- p.365 / Chapter CHAPTER XI --- Conclusion: Image, Capital and Power --- p.372 / Image as capital --- p.374 / Forms of image capital --- p.376 / Functions of image capital --- p.382 / Image capital: semioticization and spatialization --- p.400

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