L'objectif du TCAO (Travail Collaboratif Assisté par Ordinateur), est de trouver les moyens par lesquels les applications collaboratives sont susceptibles d'améliorer la collaboration entre les individus. De ce fait, il existe une grande nécessité de remédier des contraintes liées au manque de flexibilité et la rigidité des systèmes collaboratifs actuels, par l'adoption des solutions adéquates pour mettre en oeuvre une meilleure collaboration, selon le contexte et la tâche à effectuer entre les utilisateurs. En effet, le domaine du TCAO doit évoluer avec l'évolution des systèmes et des technologies qui touchent notre vie quotidienne, surtout l'évolution de l'internet qui nous rend totalement dépendant des services et applications qui existent "virtuellement", où la plupart des utilisateurs passent une bonne partie de leurs temps à exploiter des méthodes à rechercher et utiliser ces services qui correspondent le plus à leurs préférences. C'est pour cette raison que l'évolution du TCAO se montre essentielle pour faire face à l'évolution exponentielle des technologies d'internet, afin de créer ou de réutiliser plus facilement des applications chargées d'assister le travail communautaire des hommes, que l'on nomme applications collaboratives, ou collecticiels. Le sujet de thèse proposé couvre les aspects collaboratifs d'un système et les questions concernant son intégration. Plus particulièrement, notre objectif essentiel est de concevoir une architecture logicielle pour les collecticiels malléables, de sorte qu'elle puisse s'adapter aux changements et aux diversités des besoins des utilisateurs, ainsi que la tâche à effectuer. En conséquence, une forte exigence surgit en terme d'ouverture, où le système peut dynamiquement intégrer de nouveaux services sans arrêter le déroulement de la collaboration, ni manuellement recoder et recompiler l'application. Une deuxième exigence est d'assurer une certaine adaptabilité, où le système peut générer de nouveaux comportements à partir de la composition de deux ou plusieurs services. Finalement, une exigence surgit en terme d'interopérabilité, surtout dans le cas où les utilisateurs utilisent des applications incompatibles ou hétérogènes. Ainsi, la création, l'ajout, la suppression ou la manipulation des composants du système collaboratif sont faites via les services web. De plus, la recherche, l'invocation et l'intégration de ces services se fait à l'aide d'agents logiciels qui se chargeront, avec une assistance minimale de l'utilisateur, de rechercher les services les mieux adaptés à leurs spécifications. Dans cette thèse, nous créons un lien entre les concepts théoriques qui se développent au sein des laboratoires de recherche, et les technologies qui se développent d'une façon très rapide dans le secteur industriel, afin de concevoir des systèmes collaboratifs plus adaptés au monde informatique quotidien. / The aim of CSCW (Computer Supported Cooperative Work) is to find ways in which applications should improve collaborative work between individuals. Hence, there is great need to address constraints related to the lack of flexibility and rigidity of current collaborative systems, through the adoption of adequate solutions to implement a better collaboration, depending on user' needs and the task that is being done. Therefore, the field of CSCW must evolve with the evolution of systems and technologies that affects our daily lives, especially the internet evolution that makes us completely dependent on the services and applications that "virtually" exist, where most people spend a lot of their time collaborating and exploiting methods to find and use services that meet their preferences. The development of CSCW systems appears essential to address the exponential growth of internet technologies to create or reuse applications to assist the community work of men, known as collaborative applications, or groupware. In this work, the thesis covers collaborative aspects of a system, and the questions concerning its integration. More specifically, the main objective is to provide a platform for "tailorable" collaboration, where the services offered by the groupware can be adapted to the changing and diverse needs of users. Accordingly, strong requirements arise in terms of adaptability, by composing or integrating new services without stopping the collaboration process and interoperability between the system's components, especially if users are using incompatible or heterogeneous applications. A proposed solution is to use the concepts of web services, integrated with the concepts of multi-agent systems (MAS). Thus, the creation, addition, deletion or dynamic manipulation of the system's components will be done via the web services. In addition, research, invocation and integration of these services will be done using software agents with minimal user assistance, depending on users' preferences. In this thesis, we try to build a bridge between theoretical concepts which are developed in research laboratories, and technologies being developed exponentially in the industrial sector, hence, creating a synergy of theory and concepts, to design more efficient collaborative systems, that are better suited to the everyday computing world.

This thesis presents SodaBot, a general-purpose software agent user-environment and construction system. Its primary component is the basic software agent --- a computational framework for building agents which is essentially an agent operating system. We also present a new language for programming the basic software agent whose primitives are designed around human-level descriptions of agent activity. Via this programming language, users can easily implement a wide-range of typical software agent applications, e.g. personal on-line assistants and meeting scheduling agents. The SodaBot system has been implemented and tested, and its description comprises the bulk of this thesis.

No description available.

As a result of globalisation the cultural, political, economical and technological environments people live in today are becoming increasingly integrated and interdependent. It is common knowledge that the problems we face in these environments are almost always interdisciplinary, yet building interdisciplinary frameworks is still a niche in scientific research. This thesis addresses the problem of how to incorporate in an experimental interdisciplinary framework, diverse concepts from several independent scientific areas. This work is specifically about implementing results emerging from naturalistic studies, such as autobiographical memory, in the context of information and communication technologies within an interdisciplinary framework.

A significant challenge in the Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) research field is to find flexible and energy efficient strategies to perform the network setup and configuration to accomplish specified sensing missions. This thesis presents an approach which uses mobile agents to disseminate and allocate sensing missions to the sensor nodes. The addressed problem refers to the selection of appropriate nodes to perform the sensing mission, by using a decentralized approach supported by mobile software agents. Traditional approaches to deal with WSN setup use the pre-planned strategies, which are deliberately modelled, designed and tuned before the network deployment, and thus are not flexible. This thesis presents an alternative approach based on Belief Desire Intention-model agents using JASON, instead of traditional approaches. Simulation results provides evidences that this approach can achieve the goals of a sensing mission setup by decisions autonomously taken by the sensor node, diminishing then the need for communication among the sensor nodes, hence saving energy resources.

Thesis (Ph.D) - University of Karlsruhe, 2001. / Includes bibliographical references and index. Also available via the World Wide Web.

Yes / This paper presents a critical evaluation framework for a linguistically orientated conversational software agent (CSA) (Panesar, 2017). The CSA prototype investigates the integration, intersection and interface of the language, knowledge, and speech act constructions (SAC) based on a grammatical object (Nolan, 2014), and the sub-model of belief, desires and intention (BDI) (Rao and Georgeff, 1995) and dialogue management (DM) for natural language processing (NLP). A long-standing issue within NLP CSA systems is refining the accuracy of interpretation to provide realistic dialogue to support the human-to-computer communication. This prototype constitutes three phase models: (1) a linguistic model based on a functional linguistic theory – Role and Reference Grammar (RRG) (Van Valin Jr, 2005); (2) Agent Cognitive Model with two inner models: (a) knowledge representation model employing conceptual graphs serialised to Resource Description Framework (RDF); (b) a planning model underpinned by BDI concepts (Wooldridge, 2013) and intentionality (Searle, 1983) and rational interaction (Cohen and Levesque, 1990); and (3) a dialogue model employing common ground (Stalnaker, 2002). The evaluation approach for this Java-based prototype and its phase models is a multi-approach driven by grammatical testing (English language utterances), software engineering and agent practice. A set of evaluation criteria are grouped per phase model, and the testing framework aims to test the interface, intersection and integration of all phase models and their inner models. This multi-approach encompasses checking performance both at internal processing, stages per model and post-implementation assessments of the goals of RRG, and RRG based specifics tests. The empirical evaluations demonstrate that the CSA is a proof-of-concept, demonstrating RRG’s fitness for purpose for describing, and explaining phenomena, language processing and knowledge, and computational adequacy. Contrastingly, evaluations identify the complexity of lower level computational mappings of NL – agent to ontology with semantic gaps, and further addressed by a lexical bridging consideration (Panesar, 2017).

In order to succeed, it is imperative that all e-commerce systems include an effective and reliable trust and reputation modeling system. This is particularly true of decentralized e-commerce systems in which autonomous software engage in commercial transactions. Many researchers have sought to overcome the complexities of modeling a subjective, human concept like trust, resulting in several trust and reputation models. While these models each present a unique offering and solution to the problem, several issues persist. Most of the models require direct experience in the e-commerce system in order to make effective trust decisions. This leaves new agents and agents who only casually use the e-commerce system vulnerable. Additionally, the reputation ratings of agents who are relatively new to the system are often indistinguishable from scores for poorly performing agents. Finally, more tactics to defend against agents who exploit the characteristics of the open, distributed system for their own malicious needs are required. To address these issues, a new metric is devised and presented: seniority. Based on agent age and activity level within the e-commerce system, seniority provides a means of judging the credibility of other agents with little or no prior experience in the system. As the results of experimental analysis reveals, employing a reputation model that uses seniority provides considerable value to agents who are new agents, casual buyer agents and all other purchasing agents in the e-commerce system. This new metric therefore offers a significant contribution toward the development of enhanced and new trust and reputation models for deployment in real-world distributed e-commerce environments.

In order to succeed, it is imperative that all e-commerce systems include an effective and reliable trust and reputation modeling system. This is particularly true of decentralized e-commerce systems in which autonomous software engage in commercial transactions. Many researchers have sought to overcome the complexities of modeling a subjective, human concept like trust, resulting in several trust and reputation models. While these models each present a unique offering and solution to the problem, several issues persist. Most of the models require direct experience in the e-commerce system in order to make effective trust decisions. This leaves new agents and agents who only casually use the e-commerce system vulnerable. Additionally, the reputation ratings of agents who are relatively new to the system are often indistinguishable from scores for poorly performing agents. Finally, more tactics to defend against agents who exploit the characteristics of the open, distributed system for their own malicious needs are required. To address these issues, a new metric is devised and presented: seniority. Based on agent age and activity level within the e-commerce system, seniority provides a means of judging the credibility of other agents with little or no prior experience in the system. As the results of experimental analysis reveals, employing a reputation model that uses seniority provides considerable value to agents who are new agents, casual buyer agents and all other purchasing agents in the e-commerce system. This new metric therefore offers a significant contribution toward the development of enhanced and new trust and reputation models for deployment in real-world distributed e-commerce environments.

In order to succeed, it is imperative that all e-commerce systems include an effective and reliable trust and reputation modeling system. This is particularly true of decentralized e-commerce systems in which autonomous software engage in commercial transactions. Many researchers have sought to overcome the complexities of modeling a subjective, human concept like trust, resulting in several trust and reputation models. While these models each present a unique offering and solution to the problem, several issues persist. Most of the models require direct experience in the e-commerce system in order to make effective trust decisions. This leaves new agents and agents who only casually use the e-commerce system vulnerable. Additionally, the reputation ratings of agents who are relatively new to the system are often indistinguishable from scores for poorly performing agents. Finally, more tactics to defend against agents who exploit the characteristics of the open, distributed system for their own malicious needs are required. To address these issues, a new metric is devised and presented: seniority. Based on agent age and activity level within the e-commerce system, seniority provides a means of judging the credibility of other agents with little or no prior experience in the system. As the results of experimental analysis reveals, employing a reputation model that uses seniority provides considerable value to agents who are new agents, casual buyer agents and all other purchasing agents in the e-commerce system. This new metric therefore offers a significant contribution toward the development of enhanced and new trust and reputation models for deployment in real-world distributed e-commerce environments.