Orientador: Wolmar Apparecida Carvalho / Banca: Maria Helena Moraes / Banca: Sérgio Lázaro de Lima / Banca: Hélio Silveira / Banca: Silvio Carlos Bray / Abstract: In order to discriminate ARGISSOLOS and to evaluate aggregates stability by dry and humid ways under different use and management systems, it was studied soil profiles under agricultural and pasture for more than twelve five years on the following system: six years with annual crop rotation in areas that had been pasture for the same time period and forest, for comparison purposes. This study was done in a agricultural farm in the Anhumas county, São Paulo state, Brazil, where the predominant soil class - ARGISSOLO - are representative of the region. Stages to achieve the objectives: a) not deformed and deformed samples collection to perform chemical and physical analysis; b) determination of the aggregate percentage by dry and humid ways; c) computation of the weighted mean diameter of the aggregates (WMDA); d) soils classification; e) statistical analysis: variance analysis and Tuckey's test for average, at 5 % of probability. Main conclusions: soil classification; the organic matter content of the A horizon of the soil under forest is 64 % more than the soil under pasture e 79 % more than the soil under annual crop; the flocculation degree and amount of the clay fraction of this same horizon is 31 % more than the soil under pasture e 39 % more than the soil under annual crop; the weighted mean diameter of the aggregates obtained by dry (D) and (H) humid ways of the A horizon and its mean value for the soils decrease in the following sequence: PVAd - forest > PVe - pasture > PVd - annual culture, respectively, with the following values: 1.33560 and 1.445496 (D), 2.81114 and 2.351380 (H); 0.66748 and 1.011830 (D), 2.79642 and 1.624250 (H); 0.32468 and 0.993775 (D), 1.25808 and 0.983135 mm (H); the weighted mean diameters of the aggregates of the A horizon - obtained by dry (D) and humid (H) ways - decreased 50 % and 1 % in the soil under pasture... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Doutor

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:29:43Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2012-03-08Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T19:59:36Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 marchini_dc_me_ilha.pdf: 745590 bytes, checksum: 45f35527c83b2a82885e6b4dbf89712b (MD5) / Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) / A utilização dos solos, além da capacidade de suporte dos mesmos e a pressão imposta por grandes construções, têm resultado em solos cada vez menos produtivos chegando, em muitos casos, a um nível de degradação extremo. Baseado neste argumento, o presente trabalho teve início em 2004 com o objetivo de avaliar o efeito de diferentes manejos com diferentes tipos de adubações (verde e orgânica) e o plantio de uma espécie arbórea, na recuperação da estrutura de um solo degradado. O experimento foi instalado em uma área de subsolo na Fazenda de Ensino e Pesquisa da Unesp – Campus de Ilha Solteira em Selvíria-MS. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos casualizados com seis tratamentos e cinco blocos. Os tratamentos estudados foram: A- Vegetação natural de Cerrado; B- Solo exposto; C- Gonçalo-alves (Astronium fraxinifolium Schott); D- Gonçalo-alves (Astronium fraxinifolium Schott)+nabo forrageiro (Raphanus sativus) até 2005, após substituído pela crotalária (Crotalária juncea); E- Gonçalo-alves (Astronium fraxinifolium Schott)+feijão-de-porco (Canavalia ensiformis); F- Gonçalo-alves (Astronium fraxinifolium Schott)+lodo de esgoto (60 t ha-1)+ Brachiaria decumbens. As avaliações físicas realizadas foram retiradas em 2010 e 2011: estabilidade de agregados em água, infiltração de água no solo e morfologia do solo. A análise química realizada foi o teor de matéria orgânica do solo. Também foi avaliado o desenvolvimento da espécie arbórea e massa verde e seca dos adubos verdes e da gramínea. A estabilidade de agregados, o teor de matéria orgânica e as imagens tomográficas foram melhores indicadores para detectar mudanças positivas na recuperação do solo. A infiltração de água no solo foi maior nos tratamentos Gonçalo-alves+Crotalária e Gonçalo-alves+Feijão- de-porco. Os tratamentos com... / The use of soil, besides its ability to support and the pressure imposed by large building, are results soil in fewer production capacity often reaching an extreme level of degradation. Based on this argument, this study began in 2004 with the objective of evaluating the effect of different soil management with different types of fertilizers (organic and green manure) and the planting of a tree species, the recovery of a degraded soil structure. The experiment was conducted in a subsoil in the area belonged to Experimental Station of UNESP – Ilha Solteira Campus in Selvíria county-MS. A randomized blocks design with six treatments and five repetitions was used. The treatments were: A-natural Savannah vegetation, B-Solo exposed, C- Astronium fraxinifolium Schott, D- Astronium fraxinifolium Schott+Raphanus sativus until 2005, after replaced by Crotalaria juncea, E-Astronium fraxinifolium Schott+Canavalia ensiformis, F- Astronium fraxinifolium Schott+sewage sludge (60 t ha-1)+Brachiaria decumbens. The physical assessments performed were withdrawn in 2010 and 2011: aggregate stability in water, infiltration of water into the soil and the soil morphology. The chemical analysis performed was the content of soil organic matter. We also assessed the development of tree species and fresh and dry mass of green manure and pasture. The aggregate stability, organic matter content and the tomographic images were better indicators to detect positive changes in land reclamation. The infiltration of soil water was higher in treatments Gonçalo-Alves + Crotalaria and Goncalo alves + Canavalia ensiformis. Treatments with Crotalaria + Gonçalo-Alves, Goncalo Alves + Canavalia ensiformis; and Gonçalo-Alves + sewage sludge + Brachiaria decumbens on CT images were those with better soil structure, compared to soil... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

Ce travail détaille une approche de calcul pour la résolution de problèmes dynamiques qui combinent des discrétisations en temps et dans le domaine de Laplace reposant sur une technique de sous-structuration. En particulier, la méthode développée cherche à remplir le besoin industriel de réaliser des calculs dynamiques tridimensionnels pour le risque sismique en prenant en compte des effets non-linéaires d'interaction sol-structure (ISS). Deux sous-domaines sont considérés dans ce problème. D'une part, le domaine de sol linéaire et non-borné qui est modélisé par une impédance de bord discrétisée dans le domaine de Laplace au moyen d'une méthode d'éléments de frontière ; et, de l'autre part, la superstructure qui fait référence pas seulement à la structure et sa fondation mais aussi, éventuellement, à une partie du sol présentant un comportement non-linéaire. Ce dernier sous-domaine est formulé dans le domaine temporel et discrétisé avec la méthode des éléments finis (FE). Dans ce cadre, les forces liées à l'ISS s'écrivent sous la forme d'une intégrale de convolution en temps dont le noyau est la transformée de Laplace inverse de la matrice d'impédance de sol. Pour pouvoir évaluer cette convolution dans le domaine temporel à partir d'une impédance de sol définie dans le domaine de Laplace, une approche basée sur des Quadratures de Convolution (QC) est présentée : la méthode hybride Laplace-Temps (L-T). La stabilité numérique de son couplage avec un schéma d'intégration de type Newmark est ensuite étudiée sur plusieurs modèles d'ISS en dynamique linéaire et non-linéaire. Finalement, la méthode L-T est testée sur un modèle numérique plus complexe, proche d'une application sismique de caractère industriel, et des résultats satisfaisants sont obtenus par rapport aux solutions de référence. / The present work addresses a computational methodology to solve dynamic problems coupling time and Laplace domain discretizations within a domain decomposition approach. In particular, the proposed methodology aims at meeting the industrial need of performing more accurate seismic risk assessments by accounting for three-dimensional dynamic soil-structure interaction (DSSI) in nonlinear analysis. Two subdomains are considered in this problem. On the one hand, the linear and unbounded domain of soil which is modelled by an impedance operator computed in the Laplace domain using a Boundary Element (BE) method; and, on the other hand, the superstructure which refers not only to the structure and its foundations but also to a region of soil that possibly exhibits nonlinear behaviour. The latter subdomain is formulated in the time domain and discretized using a Finite Element (FE) method. In this framework, the DSSI forces are expressed as a time convolution integral whose kernel is the inverse Laplace transform of the soil impedance matrix. In order to evaluate this convolution in the time domain by means of the soil impedance matrix (available in the Laplace domain), a Convolution Quadrature-based approach called the Hybrid Laplace-Time domain Approach (HLTA), is thus introduced. Its numerical stability when coupled to Newmark time integration schemes is subsequently investigated through several numerical examples of DSSI applications in linear and nonlinear analyses. The HLTA is finally tested on a more complex numerical model, closer to that of an industrial seismic application, and good results are obtained when compared to the reference solutions.

CoordenaÃÃo de AperfeiÃoamento de Pessoal de NÃvel Superior / Concern for soil quality has acquired greater significance in the agricultural context. Therefore, we have sought indices assessing levels of physical deterioration suffered by the soil, depending on the management applied. The "S" index, a measure of soil physical structure, was proposed by Dexter (2004a,) and is defined by the slope of the tangent line to the inflection point of the soil water retention curve and, according to the author, is indicative of the porosity of the soil, especially its pore distribution by size and geometry. The porosity is divided into two parts: textural porosity (influenced by soil primary particles), usually related to poor water infiltration, poor workability and low physical quality; and structural porosity (determined by soil structural units), sensitive to management factors and whose presence indicates soil with good physical quality. This study aims to determine the index "S" taking into account the influence of texture and structure for different soil types from Cearà state, Brazil. Soil samples deformed structure and undeformed were collected in three distinct textural classes of soils (Ultisol, Cambisol, Entisol) in the 0-0.15 m layer The S showed sensitivity to variations in the structure and texture of soils. By multivariate analysis it was observed that the S has a greater interaction with structural variables (porosity, aggregate stability, average diameter). We conclude that the S is an indicator of physical quality of the soil and condition reflects its structural soil. / A preocupaÃÃo com a qualidade do solo tem tido grande destaque dentro do contexto agrÃcola. Diante disso, tem-se procurado Ãndices que avaliem os nÃveis de degradaÃÃes fÃsicas sofridas pelos solos, em funÃÃo do manejo aplicado. O Ãndice âSâ, parÃmetro de avaliaÃÃo da estrutura do solo, foi proposto por Dexter (2004 a), sendo definido pela inclinaÃÃo da reta tangente ao ponto de inflexÃo da curva de retenÃÃo de Ãgua no solo e, segundo o autor, à um indicativo da porosidade do solo, principalmente de sua distribuiÃÃo de poros por tamanho e geometria. A porosidade à dividida em duas partes: porosidade textural (influenciada pelo tamanho das partÃculas primÃrias do solo), geralmente associada a baixos valores de infiltraÃÃo de Ãgua, pouca trabalhabilidade e qualidade fÃsica; e porosidade estrutural (determinada pelas unidades estruturais do solo), sensÃvel a fatores de manejo. Este trabalho teve como objetivo determinar à influÃncia da textura e da estrutura no Ãndice âSâ em diferentes solos do estado do CearÃ. As amostras de solo com estrutura deformada e indeformada foram coletadas em trÃs solos de classes texturais distintas (Argissolo Vermelho, Cambissolo HÃplico, Neossolo FlÃvico) na profundidade de 0-0,15 m. O Ãndice S mostrou sensibilidade Ãs variaÃÃes na estrutura e textura dos solos analisados. Por meio da analise multivariada foi possÃvel observar que o Ãndice S apresenta uma maior interaÃÃo com variÃveis estruturais (porosidade, estabilidade de agregados, diÃmetro mÃdio ponderado). Concluiu-se que o Ãndice S à um indicador da qualidade fÃsica do solo e reflete a sua condiÃÃo estrutural do solo.

Orientador: Zigomar Menezes de Souza / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Agrícola / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-18T06:20:30Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Barbosa_RonnySobreira_M.pdf: 1837625 bytes, checksum: 4aa4f44de055d1908204ee8c156ff926 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011 / Resumo: As plantas cítricas possuem fácil adaptabilidade a vários tipos de solos, desde que os mesmos apresentem, principalmente, boas condições físicas. Um grave problema encontrado em pomares refere-se ao sistema de implantação da cultura, pois o seu caráter perene determina que o sistema de preparo do solo seja o mais eficaz possível para favorecer a formação de um ambiente favorável ao desenvolvimento do sistema radicular da cultura ao longo dos anos. Portanto, o objetivo desse trabalho foi identificar o efeito de diferentes sistemas de preparo do solo em áreas cultivadas com laranja, por meio da correlação entre atributos físicos e o desenvolvimento do sistema radicular das plantas, em Argissolo Vermelho-Amarelo e Latossolo Vermelho. O experimento foi conduzido na microregião de Avaré em pomares da variedade "Valência" enxertada em "Swingle" com aproximadamente 3 anos de idade.Os sistemas de preparo avaliados foram: preparo reduzido, preparo com subsolagem e tríplice operação. Foram avaliados o sistema radicular por meio do SIARCS® e os atributos físicos: granulometria, teor de água no solo, porosidade do solo (total, macro e microporosidade), densidade do solo e estabilidade de agregados em água. As amostras de solo foram coletadas nas profundidades de 0,00-0,10 m, 0,10-0,20 m, 0,20-0,30 m, 0,30-0,40 m, 0,40-0,50 m, 0,50- 0,75 m e 0,75-1,00 m. Foram avaliadas as relações entre o desenvolvimento do sistema radicular e os atributos físicos do solo, sendo que foram criados dois modelos lineares específicos, um para as análises estatísticas de raiz e o outro para avaliar os demais atributos, com o auxílio do software SAS. O sistema de preparo com o uso da tríplice operação promoveu boas condições para o desenvolvimento do sistema radicular da cultura da laranja, tanto em solos arenosos como em solos muito argilosos / Abstract: Citrus trees are adapted to different soil types, mainly if the soil conditions are good enough for their growing. A concern about citrus orchards is related to their growing system assembling because of their perennial characteristics is responsible to determine what kind of tillage system is most effective to promote the environment required for their root development over the years. Therefore the aim of this study was to identify the effect of different tillage systems in areas cultivated with orange through the correlation between physical development and the root systems of plants in Ultisol and Red Latosol. The experiment was conducted in the microregion of Avaré in orchards of the variety 'Valencia' grafted on 'Swingle' with about 3 years old. The tillage systems evaluated are reduced tillage, tillage with subsoiling, triple operation. The root system (area in cm²) through SIARCS® and physical attributes: texture, water content in soil, soil porosity (total, macro and micro), bulk density and aggregate stability in water were evaluated. Samples were collected at depths of 0.00-0.10 m, 0.10-0.20 m, 0.20-0.30 m, 0.30-0.40 m, 0.40-0.50 m, 0.50-0.75 m, 0.75-1.00 m. The relationship between the performance of the root system and soil physical properties were evaluated in order to develop two specific linear models where the first one was developed to statistical analysis related to the roots performance and the second one was developed to evaluate the other parameters. All statistical analyses were made through SAS statistical software. It is concluded that the kind of tillage system named the triple operation promotes good conditions for root system development of orange trees in both sandy soils and clayey soils / Mestrado / Agua e Solo / Mestre em Engenharia Agrícola

Orientadores: Zigomar Menezes de Souza, Reginaldo Barboza da Silva / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Agrícola / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-20T23:31:38Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Souza_GustavoSoaresde_D.pdf: 2647640 bytes, checksum: 16829b5386093b4e4869edac0f73f3e9 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012 / Resumo: O sistema de produção da cana crua, sem queima da palha e com frequente uso da mecanização agrícola promove o tráfego intenso sobre o solo, resultando na sua compactação. O sistema de manejo com controle de tráfego agrícola representa uma alternativa viável para o setor agrícola, pois separa as zonas de tráfego e não tráfego, concentrando a passagem de pneus em linhas permanentes, diminuindo a influência da compactação sobre a cultura. O objetivo deste trabalho foi comparar os sistemas de manejo com e sem controle de tráfego agrícola em relação à qualidade física de um Latossolo Vermelho, indicada por meio da análise de atributos físicos e mecânicos do solo, e seu efeito na cana-de-açúcar colhida mecanicamente e sem queima. A pesquisa foi desenvolvida em lavoura comercial com os manejos: ausência de controle de tráfego (T); controle de tráfego com ajuste da bitola do trator e transbordos para 3,0 m (CT1); e controle de tráfego com ajuste da bitola e piloto automático. Os atributos do solo avaliados foram: densidade, porosidade, resistência à penetração, conteúdo de água, estabilidade de agregados, teor de carbono e curva de retenção de água do solo. O solo foi amostrado nas linhas de plantio e do rodado e no canteiro, nas camadas 0,00-0,10; 0,10-0,20 e 0,20-0,30 m. A qualidade física do solo foi avaliada por meio do intervalo hídrico ótimo. A estrutura do solo foi avaliada por meio de análise de imagens digitalizadas de monólitos de solo, quantificando a forma e tamanho dos poros. Foram coletadas amostras indeformadas para análise da capacidade de suporte de carga do solo. A cana foi colhida mecanicamente e a produtividade medida por meio de balança específica para transbordo. Amostras de colmo foram coletadas em cada parcela para determinação das variáveis tecnológicas. As raízes foram coletadas em monólitos, separadas do solo por peneiramento. Densidade, porosidade e resistência do solo a penetração demonstraram diferenças entre os sistemas de manejo, com melhores condições físicas nos manejos com controle de tráfego na linha da soqueira e no canteiro. Os índices de agregação e o teor de carbono do solo não diferiram entre os manejos. Foram observadas alterações na retenção de água do solo entre tratamentos. O intervalo hídrico ótimo foi maior no canteiro e linha de plantio nos manejos com controle de tráfego. Predomínio de poros arredondados e complexos indicaram maior porosidade e menor compactação no manejo com controle de tráfego na linha de plantio. A testemunha apresentou maior pressão de pre- consolidação na linha de plantio, enquanto o manejo com controle de tráfego apresentou maior capacidade de suporte de carga na linha do rodado. Os manejos com controle de tráfego apresentaram maior produtividade e rendimento de açúcar. As variáveis tecnológicas não diferiram entre os manejos. O manejo com controle de tráfego apresentou maior massa seca, superfície e volume radicular. Os manejos com controle de tráfego proporcionaram compactação na linha do rodado e preservaram a qualidade física do solo na região da soqueira, resultando no maior desenvolvimento do sistema radicular, com aumento de 18% na produtividade e 20% no rendimento de açúcar / Abstract: The sugarcane production system without straw burning and with frequent use of agricultural mechanization promotes the excessive traffic on the soil, resulting in their compaction. The management with controlled traffic farming is a viable alternative for the agricultural sector, because it separates the areas of traffic and no-traffic, focusing on the passage of tires in permanent lines, reducing the influence of compaction on the crop. The objective this work was to compare the management systems with and without controlled traffic farming in relation to soil physical quality, indicated by the analysis of attributes physical and mechanical soil and its effects on sugarcane harvested mechanically and without burning. The research was developed in a commercial farm with the managements: non-controlled traffic (T); controlled traffic with adjustment of the tractor and trailer gauge to 3.0 m (CT1), and controlled traffic with adjustment of the gauges and autopilot (CT2). The soil attributes evaluated were: bulk density, porosity, penetration resistance, water content, aggregate stability, carbon content and soil water retention curve. Soil samples were collected in plant and wheel rows and in the seedbed, in the layers 0.00 to 0.10; 0.10 to 0.20 and 0.20 to 0.30 m. The soil physical quality was evaluated using the least limiting water range. The soil structure was evaluated by digitized images analysis of soil monoliths, quantifying shape and size of the pores. Undisturbed samples were collected for analysis of soil load carrying capacity. The sugarcane was mechanically harvested and the productivity was measured by weighing the sugarcane trailer. Sugarcane stalks were collected from each plot to determine the technological variables. The roots were collected in monoliths, separated from the soil by sieving. Bulk density, porosity and penetration resistance showed differences among management systems, with better physical conditions in the managements with controlled traffic in the plant row and seedbed. The aggregation indices and carbon content didn't differ between managements. There were changes in soil water retention curve between treatments. The least limiting water range was higher in the seedbed and plant row in the controlled traffic. Predominance of rounded and complexes pores showed higher porosity and lower compaction in the controlled traffic in the plant row. The management with non-controlled traffic had a higher soil preconsolidation pressure in the plant row, while the management of controlled traffic had a higher load carrying capacity in the wheel row. The management of controlled traffic had a higher cane productivity and sugar yield. The technological variables didn't differ between managements. The handling with controlled traffic had higher dry mass, surface and volume of roots. The management with controlled traffic promoted soil compaction in wheel row and preserved the soil physical quality in the plant row, resulting in greater root development, with 18% increase in productivity and 20% on yield of sugar / Doutorado / Engenharia de Água e Solo / Doutor em Engenharia Agrícola

Le projet ANR SOLCYP dans lequel s’inscrit ce travail a pour objectif premier l’étude et la modélisation du comportement des pieux sous sollicitations cycliques à grand nombre de cycles, typiquement de l’ordre du million. Ce type de sollicitations engendre une forte évolution de l’état interne de l’interface pieu/sol et les modèles de comportement classiques ne sont alors pas adaptés pour traiter ce problème. La prise en compte plus fine de l’état interne dans les modèles de comportement semble être nécessaire pour ce genre d’application qui est celui des champs d’éoliennes, hydroliennes, fondations de plateforme offshore. Cette tâche a été envisagée ici dans le cadre d’un nombre de cycles modéré, plus simple à manipuler.Le problème de l’interface est en soi complexe car l’interface mécanique peut se dissocier singulièrement de l’interface géométrique en étant repoussée vers le matériau sol. Les deux cas de comportement extrêmes sont celui des pieux bétons, où l’interface suivra un comportement analogue à celui du sol et celui des peux tubés en acier, qui s’apparentera à un comportement de type Coulomb .Deux variables internes ont pu être identifiées : une variable qualifiée de non-orientée dont la mesure est facilement accessible et une variable orientée associée à l’anisotropie de comportement du matériau. Classiquement, seule la première variable est retenue comme explicative des propriétés du matériau ou de son comportement. Il s’agit bien sûr d’une approximation et la variable orientée dont l’influence est sous-jacente en général tout le long du chemin de contraintes doit apparaître plus explicitement dans certains cas. Les lois d’évolution des propriétés du matériau aux différents états repères ont été données tout comme l’évolution des paramètres de modèle en fonction de ces variables internes.Ce travail a conduit à la mise au point de deux modèles : le premier destiné à la modélisation des éléments de volume de sol. Il compte un jeu unique de 20 paramètres identifiable sur quatre essais et permet de modéliser convenablement le comportement du sol sous des chemins de contrainte très variés (monotone, cyclique, drainé, non-drainé) et différents états internes initiaux (densités, pression de confinement). Le second modèle consiste en l’adaptation du premier à la structure des interfaces, il compte 14 paramètres et permet également de reproduire le comportement de ce type de système pour une large gamme d’états initiaux et différentes conditions aux limites. Chacun de ces modèles, validé sur quelques dizaines de cycles, pourra ultérieurement servir de base à une formulation du problème à grands nombres de cycles. / This work is include in the national project SOLCYP. This project, support by ANR, focus on the observation and modeling of behavior of pile under cyclic loading with large number of cycles (about one million). This type of solicitations leads to an important change in the internal state of the interface soil/pile and classic models aren’t adapted to deal with this issue. Here, internal state of material is taken into account with a number of cycle limited (easier to study).In geometrical, interface issue is pretty difficult, mainly due to the fact that mechanical interface can be shifted from the geometrical contact to the mass of soil. In extreme ways, concrete pile will have a behavior mainly linked to the behavior of soil when steel pile behavior can be assessed with coulomb friction.Two internal variables have been identifies: the first one can be regarded as isotropic and can be easily assessed when the second one is considered as anisotropic harder to quantify. Generally, just the first variable is taken into the account to forecast the evolution of material properties and behavior. But this is no more than an approximation. In fact, anisotropic variable has an action as well as the isotropic one. But, depending to the type of solicitations, these actions can be strongly linked or really uncorrelated. Evolution of parameters set is given depending these variables.This work has made possible the design of two models: the first one is a mass soil model. It needs 20 parameters, identified from four triaxial and isotropic tests, and is able to reproduce the soil behavior under numerous loading paths (monotonic, cyclic, drained, undrained) and different initial states (density, mean pressure…). The second one is an adaptation of the soil model for rough interface issues. It needs 14 parameters and is also able to forecast interface behavior under different initial state and limit conditions. Both, confirmed for some dozens of cycles, will be used in the large number of cycles issues formulation.

Master of Science / Department of Civil Engineering / Dunja Peric / Integral Abutment Bridges (IABs) are Jointless Bridges whereby the deck is continuous and monolithic with abutment walls. IABs are outperforming their non-integral counterparts in economy and safety. Their principal advantages are derived from the absence of expansion joints and sliding bearings in the deck, making them the most cost-effective system in terms of construction, maintenance, and longevity. The main purpose of constructing IABs is to prevent the corrosion of structure due to water seepage through joints. The simple and rapid construction provides smooth, uninterrupted deck that is aesthetically pleasing and safer for riding. The single structural unit increases the degree of redundancy enabling higher resistance to extreme events. However, the design of IABs not being an exact science poses certain critical issues. The continuity achieved by this construction results in thermally induced deformations. These in turn introduce a significantly complex and nonlinear soil-structure interaction into the response of abutment walls and piles of the IAB. The unknown soil response and its effect on the stresses in the bridge, creates uncertainties in the design. To gain a better understanding of the mechanism of load transfer due to thermal expansion, which is also dependent on the type of the soil adjacent to the abutment walls and piles, a 3D finite element analysis is carried out on a representative IAB using state-of-the-art finite element code ABAQUS/Standard 6.5-1. A literature review focusing on past numerical models of IABs is presented followed by details of the numerical model developed in this study using the interactive environment ABAQUS/CAE 6.5-1 along with the analysis details. A discussion of results for the analysis of the IAB with three different soil conditions and each experiencing three different temperature change scenarios is presented. Conclusions of the study and recommendations for future research wrap up the thesis. The advancement of knowledge enabled by this research will provide a basis for introduction of new guidelines in Kansas Bridge Design Manual.

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