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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Atividade antifúngica de extratos das folhas de Solanum lycocarpum St. Hr Still sobre fungos fitopatogênicos

Damasceno, Laíla Borges 29 February 2016 (has links)
O uso de extratos de plantas no controle de fungos fitopatogênicos tem aumentado significativamente, principalmente pelo fato dos defensivos serem onerosos ao produtor e pelos danos ocasionados ao meio ambiente. A lobeira (Solanum lycocarpum St. Hill.) é amplamante usada no controle de doenças causadas ao homem evidenciando assim o seu potencial fungicítico perante a outros fungos de interesse agrícola. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi avaliar a ação fungitóxica do extrato metanólico e hidrometanólico de folhas de lobeira controle dos fungos Didymella bryoniae e Curvularia spp. . Foram utilizados solventes em concentracções difrentes, formas de aplicação distribuída e difundida destes solventes em meio de cultura e doses de aplicação 0, 10, 20, 30, 40 e 50 μL adicionados ao meio de cultura e via foliar em plântulas. Foram realizadas avaliações diária para o crescimento micelial dos fungos e mortalidade das plântulas de melancia. Em plântulas de milho doce foram realizadas avaliaçoes a cada 48 horas após a inoculação do fungo. Ambos os experimentos forma instalados em delineamento inteiramente casualizados, sendo que para o teste in vitro em esquema fatorial 2 x 5 x 2 (concentração do extrato, doses, forma de aplicação) e para o teste in vivo em esquema fatorial 2 x 5 (concentação do extrato e doses). Os dados foram submetidos a anáise de variância e regressão.Para o teste in vitro, observou-se que para D. bryoniae o extrato bruto a dose de 50μL foi o que melhor inibiu o crescimento micelial do fungos. Para a Curvularia spp. a dose foi indeferente ao crescimento micelial porém, o extrato difundido ao meio de cultura reduziu o seu desenvolvimento. Para o teste in vivo, a maior eficiencia no controle das doencas para o extrato bruto foi 30μL e o extrato aquoso 50μL para a Curvularia spp. e para a Didymella bryoniae o extrato bruto a 10 μL e o extrato aquoso a 20 μL. / The use of plant extracts in the control of phytopathogenic fungi has increased significantly, mainly because of pesticides are costly to the producer and the damage caused to the environment. The lobeira (Solanum Lycocarpum St. Hill.) is largely used to control diseases caused to man thus highlighting their fungicide potential before the other fungi of agricultural interest. The aim of this study was to evaluate the fungitoxic action of methanol extract and hydromethanolic leaves of lobeira in the control of the Didymella bryoniae and Curvularia spp. fungi. Solvents were used with different concentrations, application forms of these solvents were distributed and spread among culture medium and application rates of 0, 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50 added among the culture medium and foliar application into plantlets. Daily evaluations were performed for mycelial growth of fungi and mortality of watermelon plantlets, as for the evaluation of sweet corn plantlets evaluations were performed every 48 hours after inoculation of the fungus. Both experiments were installed in a completely randomized design, and for the in vitro test factorial 2 x 5 x 2 (extract concentration, dose, method of application) and the in vivo test in factorial 2 x 5 (concentration, extract and doses). The data were submitted to the variance and regression analysis. For the in vitro test it was observed that for D. bryoniae crude extract 50 dose was the best inhibited the mycelial growth of the fungi. For Curvularia spp. the dose was indifferent mycelial growth but the extract was spread to the culture medium decreased its development. For the in vivo test, the highest efficiency in the control of diseases to the crude extract was 30μL and the aqueous extract 50 to Curvularia spp. and to D. bryoniae the crude extract to 10 and the aqueous extract to 20 .

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