Santuokos sudarymu sukuriami šeimos teisiniai santykiai: vyras ir moteris įgyja specifinį teisinį statusą – tampa sutuoktiniais, o kartu perima asmenines neturtines ir turtines teises ir pareigas. Sutuoktinius, įgyvendinant turto valdymo, naudojimosi ir disponavimo teises, sieja glaudūs tarpusavio priklausomybės, artimi santykiai, kurie iš esmės sudaro jų teisinių santykių turinį. Santuoką sudariusių asmenų turtinių santykių aiškumas tampa ypač aktualiu klausimu užtikrinant bei apsaugant tiek pačių sutuoktinių, tiek trečiųjų asmenų interesus, kadangi, nesudarius vedybų sutarties, bet koks susituokus įgytas turtas tampa bendrąja jungtine nuosavybe. Sutuoktinių nuosavybės teisės į individualią įmonę , kaip turtinį kompleksą, ją įkūrus po santuokos sudarymo, ir yra šio darbo objektas. Viena kylančių problemų susijusi su neapibrėžtumu, tarpusavyje lyginant Lietuvos Respublikos Civiliniame kodekse ir LR Individualių įmonių įstatyme įtvirtintas normas: remiantis CK formulavimu, santuokos metu įsteigta įmonė priskirtina bendrajai jungtinei nuosavybei, tuo tarpu IĮ įstatyme reglamentuojama, kad IĮ steigėju ir savininku gali būti tik vienas fizinis asmuo, šiuo atveju – vienas iš sutuoktinių. Šio darbo tikslas - išanalizuoti, ar IĮ gali turėti kelis savininkus. / Family relations are established by conjugnality of a man and a woman: they come into position of a husbant and a wife and obtains personal property and non-property rights and interests. Wedded persons are bond by close interdependence ties that make the essence of their legal relations. The clarity of property relations of wedded persons is very important to secure and protect not only their, but also the interests of third parties, i. e. creditors, because in the absence of wedding contract, property acquired during the marriage is automatically presumed to be owned jointly by both spouses. The ownership of a company organized as a sole proprietorship that is established by one of the spouses while being in marriage is the object of this work. The problem of interdetermination arises while seeking to determine the ownership rights of spouses to a SP: Lithuania‘s Civil Code sets the rule that company established during the marriage is presumed to be an object of community property, whereas the Statute of Sole Proprietorships‘ allows a company organized as SP to be owned by a single person, in this instance – one of the spouses. The issue of this work is to analyse if a company organized as SP may have a few owners.

El libro busca ampliar y analizar el concepto de jurídico de sociedad unipersonal, así como describir la importancia de permitir su existencia y regulación en el Perú, en forma total y no para un grupo privilegiado. A lo largo de cuatro capítulos, el autor desarrolla la importancia de la unipersonalidad societaria desde la casuística, la doctrina, el derecho positivo y el derecho, en comparación con experiencias de otros países. / The book aims to expand and analyze the legal concept of sole proprietorship and to describe the importance of allowing its existence and regulation in Perú for all citizen and not noly for a privileged group. Throughout the 4 chapters of the publication, the author develops the importance of the sole proprietorship from the casuistry, doctrine, the positive law and the law compared to other countries’s experiences.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-26T20:22:16Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Aurea Moscatini.pdf: 1130901 bytes, checksum: 7b747e65a87cf180963bddb9a50423d6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-10-28 / The thesis examines the strengthening of the Principle of Asset Autonomy in the face of the exploitation of business activity by a single person. It is part of an approach on the general principles of law, involving the search for values, differentiating them from rules and integrating into other principles. It also analyzes single shareholdership in Brazil, with the enactment of Law No. 12.441/11, which focuses on the Individual Limited Liability Company, highlighting its strengths and weaknesses, and particularly demonstrating whether it represents a new kind of society or a new entity altogether, a type of Legal Entity. It presents a historical foreshortening in Brazil, as well as analyzing the experience of Foreign Law on single shareholdership. Lastly, the study points out challenges and perspectives to be overcome for the implementation, enforcement and modification of the legislation on single shareholdership and its harmony within the Principle of Asset Autonomy, demonstrating that there is a connection between the institutions, no longer justifying shareholdership by more than one party in order to ensure Asset Separation / A tese examina o fortalecimento do Princípio da Autonomia Patrimonial diante da exploração da atividade empresarial por uma única pessoa. Parte de uma abordagem sobre os Princípios Gerais do Direito, envolvendo a busca por valores, diferenciando-os de regras e integrando-os a outros Princípios. Analisa, ainda, a unipessoalidade societária no Brasil, com a edição da Lei nº 12.441/11, que versa sobre a Empresa Individual de Responsabilidade Limitada, destacando seus aspectos positivos e negativos, especialmente demonstrando se representa uma nova espécie de sociedade ou um novo ente, espécie de Pessoa Jurídica. Apresenta um escorço histórico no Brasil, assim como analisa a experiência do Direito Estrangeiro sobre a unipessoalidade societária. Finalmente, o estudo aponta desafios e perspectivas a serem superados para a aplicação, execução e modificação da legislação sobre a unipessoalidade societária e a sua sintonia com o Princípio da Autonomia Patrimonial, demonstrando que existe uma conexão entre os institutos, não se justificando mais a pluripessoalidade no Direito Societário para garantir a separação patrimonial

El presente artículo jurídico comprende como objetivo el argumentar la inclusión de unipersonalidad en las Sociedades por Acciones Cerrada Simplificada para fomentar la formalización de los micro, pequeños y medianos empresarios, debido a que la informalidad es un problema que sigue en crecimiento en nuestra sociedad, lo que ha originado que el estado peruano implemente diferentes métodos para reducir sus índices en crecimiento de informalidad; razón por lo cual en ésta investigación utilizando la metodología mixta que reúne al método cualitativo y cuantitativo, sirviéndose de la técnica de la observación, el análisis documental y de los instrumentos como la guía de observación y la guía de análisis documental, los cuales han sido utilizados para poder argumentar la importancia de incluir la unipersonalidad en este modelo empresarial. Respecto a los resultados podemos determinar que sí existe esa necesidad de incluir la unipersonalidad en nuestro ordenamiento jurídico a través de la Sociedades por Acciones Cerradas Simplificada con la finalidad de fomentar la formalización de los micro, pequeños y medianos empresarios. / The objective of this legal article is to argue for the inclusion of sole proprietorship in Simplified Closed Share Companies to promote the formalization of micro, small and medium-sized entrepreneurs, because informality is a problem that continues to grow in our society and State. has tried to implement different methods to reduce its growth rates, which is why using the mixed methodology that brings together the qualitative and quantitative method, using the technique of observation, documentary analysis and instruments such as the observation guide and the documentary analysis guide, are used to argue the importance to include unipersonality in this business model. Regarding the results, we can determine that there is a need to include sole proprietorship in our legal system through Simplified Closed Share Companies with the purpose of promoting the formalization of micro, small and medium-sized entrepreneurs.

A cette époque de crises économiques internationales, de mondialisation et d’ouverture des marchés, la micro-entreprise apparaît plus que jamais comme une arme d'anti-crise et de création d'emplois. Dans ce contexte, les outils juridiques s'avèrent être le meilleur moyen pour accomplir ces objectifs. Ces outils sont principalement composés du droit des sociétés et des entreprises, du droit de la sécurité sociale et du droit fiscal. Cependant, ils ne sont pas les mêmes en France qu'au Liban. En effet, les législations de ces deux pays ont pendant longtemps porté des conceptions juridiques similaires. Or, depuis une vingtaine d'années le droit français a commencé à prendre un rythme d’évolution accéléré suite à l’influence exercé par le droit continental européen dans le cadre de l’harmonisation européenne. Ainsi, il s’agit d’intégrer les évolutions du droit français dans le droit libanais. Toutefois, le droit français connaît lui même plusieurs imperfections. C’est pourquoi un regard porté sur les législations appartenant à un autre système juridique que celui du « Droit civil », notamment sur celles appartenant à la famille de la « Common Law », pourrait apporter des solutions originales aux limites des droits français et libanais. Par conséquent, cette contribution vise à trouver des remèdes aux lacunes juridiques existantes en matière de micro-entreprise en France et au Liban et à élaborer de nouveaux moyens de la promouvoir. / At this time of international economic crises, globalization and open markets, the micro-enterprise appears more than ever as a weapon of anti-crisis and job creation. In this context, the legal tools are proving to be the best way to achieve these goals. These tools are mainly composed of company and corporate laws, social security law and tax law. However, they vary from France to Lebanon. Even though, for a long time, the legislations of both countries have carried similar legal concepts. Yet, for more than twenty years now French law has begun taking an accelerated pace of evolution, due to the influence of the European continental law in the context of European harmonization. Thus, the objective is to incorporate the French law evolutions in the Lebanese law. However, the French law suffers of several imperfections, this is why a glance at the legislations of other legal systems than the “Civil law”, in particular those of “Common law”, could provide original solutions to the limits of French and Lebanese law. Therefore, this paper aims to find cures for existing legal loopholes concerning the micro-enterprise in France and Lebanon and to develop new ways to promote it.

This thesis is focused on development of small company by elaboration of business plan for the future development of the company. The thesis will be used as a guide for succesfull conversion from sole proprietorship to corporation business. The company Zdeněk Kázmér works in area of wiring systems and locksmithery. Whole strategy was build on the concept of real situation of the company. It reacts on found deficiencies and opportunities of future development.