Spelling suggestions: "subject:"south africa estern cape"" "subject:"south africa estern tape""
1 |
Studies of nitrogen fixation, nodule structure and nodule mineral distribution in the tribe PsoraleaeKanu, Sheku Alfred. January 2011 (has links)
Thesis (DTech. degree in Crop Sciences) -- Tshwane University of Technology, 2011. / The genus Psoralea (tribe Psoraleae, family Leguminosae) is indigenous to the Cape Fynbos of South Africa and consists of 50 species that occupy different habitats, ranging from well-drained upland soils to creeks and permanent wetlands. However, little is known about their symbiosis, associated microsymbionts and or adaptation to the nutrient-poor, sandy, acidic soils of the Cape Fynbos. This study is the first to report the presence of calcium oxalate crystals in the outer cortex of P. pinnata and the occurrence of alkali and rare earth elements such as Sr, Rb, Zr and Y in tissue components of N2-fixing nodules (with unknown roles/functions).
|
2 |
Assessment of selected supply and demand components of the tourism industry in the George/Wilderness AreaRutherford, David Leon January 2001 (has links)
In this research paper a database of accommodation establishments was compiled, and certain supply and demand aspects of the tourism industry in the George / Wilderness area were measured with a view to determine whether planning by the private sector and local authorities could benefit therefrom. Attention was given to the peculiar nature of tourism demand and tourism supply and how selected components thereof could be measured. The research methodology followed included: a literature survey to facilitate an understanding of the nature of tourism supply and tourism demand; the construction of a database of accommodation establishments in order to identify all participants in the George / Wilderness tourism industry; a telephone survey to determine the supply of bed nights in the area; and a questionnaire survey to determine the demand by tourists for bed nights in the area. The following recommendations and conclusions were made: The database compiled during this study should be kept up to date and be expanded to include visitor profiles such as country of origin, length of stay, and primary reason for travel in order that private and public sector concerns may draw statistics / data to be used in the planning and / or marketing of the tourism industry to tourists. Greater co-operation and co-ordination between private and public sectors of the tourism industry are needed to obtain data concerning the tourism market required for planning purposes as well as a concerted marketing effort. Failing this, legislation should be introduced, compelling accommodation establishments to make available supply and demand data to the regional services council for statistical purposes. The study should be extended to cover the entire Southern Cape region in order to obtain statistics applicable to the region as a whole. This will then facilitate both local and regional planning as well as a coordinated marketing effort.
|
3 |
Tapes and testimony : making the local history of Italians in the Western Cape in the first half of the 20th centuryCorgatelli, Pietro January 1989 (has links)
Bibliography: pages 258-271. / The history of long distance immigrant communities, particularly those with few or no written documentary records, is often cited as an obvious example for oral historical enquiry. Such groupings would be represented by the Greek, Portuguese and Jewish as well as the Italian population in South Africa, and by similar settler communities in Great Britain and the USA. The advantages of an orally-derived community history is surely shown by the potential richness of information found in interviews where people's history is offered in their own words, in which migrants consider the life they have lived as basically their own formations. The Italian community was selected because there are only very thin and fragmentary records of its local history and because of the author's own origins. Through interviews, one has been able to expand on the existing sparse historical picture and to gather fresh material concerning a range of active individuals who, through their business lives and practices, established successful new industries and other local economic enterprises. Sample interviews have been transcribed and edited, to illustrate the range of oral testimony. Through them one hears something of the history of men such as Oreste Nannucci who started a laundry business, Giuseppe Rubbi, who was one of the most prominent builders in Cape Town before the Second World War, and Amedeo Traverso who, with his partners, developed the sea front in Sea Point, among many other speculative ventures. Through the examples of Mrs Ida Peroni's and Antonio Introna's testimony we move away from the historical voice of male petty entrepreneurs to obtain a new insight into the fortunes of the Sicilian fishing community. Wherever possible, attempts have been made to check the information generated by oral testimony by consulting census reports, migration figures, consular and parliamentary reports, books, documents, newspapers and personal correspondence both in South Africa and Italy. Written documentary sources are utilised in relevant chapters. By piecing together this disparate range of source material, the present study shows the dimensions of Italian migrant economic and social experience not simply as generalities but as something to be glimpsed in the uniqueness inherent in every life history.
|
4 |
Soil nitrogen dynamics and spring wheat (Triticum aestivum) production in different cropping systems in the SwartlandWessels, Pieter Gerhardus Wilhelmus 03 1900 (has links)
Thesis (MScAgric)--University of Stellenbosch, 2001. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Protein and oilseed production in the winter rainfall region of South Africa
(primarily the Southern and Western Cape) is well below the potential for
the area. One possible method of increasing production is to convince
producers that the inclusion of protein and oilseed rotational crops will
enhance the sustainability of wheat production systems. A project to
investigate, quantify and elucidate the effect of canola (Brassica napus),
lupins (Lupinus angustifolius) and medics (Medicago spp.) on subsequent
wheat (Triticum aestivum) production as well as their influence on soil
fertility in respect to nitrogen was initiated in 1999. The long- term
rotational crop system experiment on Langgewens experimental farm
near Malmesbury, provided the infrastructure for the project.
During the 1999 and 2000 wheat-growing seasons, 50m2 plots were
demarcated in wheat fields where wheat, lupins, canola or medics were
produced in 1998 and 1999 respectively. Each plot was cleared of all
vegetation and received no fertilizer N. In these fallow plots, soil samples
were collected at three to four week intervals and the available nitrate-N
and ammonium-N content of the topsoil (0-15cm depth) and the subsoil
(15-30cm depth) were determined.
Additional soil samples were also taken from the topsoil on 09/03/2000
after a summer fallow period. These samples were taken on plots that
were subjected to a wheat crop in 1999, but were preceded by either
wheat, canola, lupins or medics in 1998. The soil samples were then
subjected to a 60-day incubation period at 15°C while being maintained at
75% of their water holding capacity. Mineral N was determined after 0, 3,
7, 15, 30, 45 and 60 days of incubation. Large variation in the nitrogen
contents observed made it difficult to always obtain significant
differences. The results of the soil investigations however indicate that
the inclusion of lupins and medics in wheat cropping systems in the Swartland could help to limit the decline of mineral N in the soil profile,
experienced within a growing season. This will therefore enable farmers
to reduce fertilizer inputs without facing soil mineral N depletion.
Plant samples were also collected from wheat plots during the 1999
growing season on three occasions (23/06/99 (growth stage 5), 5/08/99
(growth stage 15), 14/09/99 (growth stage 23)). Plots were selected to
represent the same treatments as in the soil sampling procedure during
the growing season of 1999 as described above. Plant and tiller numbers
of a 0.25m2 sub sample from each plot were counted and leaf area was
determined, whereafter the dry material was weighed. The percentage
nitrogen content in the leaves and stems were subsequently determined
using Near Infra-Red Spectroscopy. In terms of vegetative growth, little
difference was observed. A significant increase in nitrogen content of
wheat plants growing in plots where wheat and canala were grown in
1998 was observed in the second plant sampling (growth stage 15) and
this was attributed to higher nitrogen topdressing. However, on the third
sampling date on 14/9/1999 (growth stage 23), the difference was no
longer evident. The most important conclusion to make from this study, is
that farmers can probably save on fertilizer inputs when including lupins
and medics in their wheat production systems, without risking poorer
wheat growth.
At growth stage 28, a 0.25m2 sub sample of wheat plants was removed at
a randomly chosen point in each of the plots described above. Ears and
grains were subsequently counted. The wheat remaining on the plots
were then harvested at the end of October 1999 using a plot combine.
Subsequently the yield, hectolitre mass, thousand grain mass and %
crude protein was determined from samples of harvested grain from each
plot. The % flour and % bran extraction were then determined whereafter
the % flour protein was determined. Micro bread loafs were baked to
estimate the loaf volume. Flour and dough properties were also tested
using the Falling Number System, mixograph and alveograph. Wheat in
cropping systems consisting of legume phases such as lupins and medics, required less nitrogen fertilizer application to achieve statistically
the same yield, flour and dough properties. These crop rotations can
therefore be considered as more ecologically sustainable and
economically viable for the Swartland. This study was aimed at determining the effect of different crop rotations
on soil fertility, and because clear soil fertility trends take time to form,
this study was probably too short to obtain fully significant differences. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Proteïen- en oliesaad produksie in die winter reënval streek van Suid
Afrika (hoofsaaklik die Suid- en Weskaap) is ver benede die potensiaal vir
die streek. Een moontlike manier om die produksie hiervan te verhoog is
om produsente in hierdie streek te oortuig dat die insluiting van proteten
en oliesaad gewasse die volhoubaarheid van koring verbouingstelsels sal
verhoog. Na aanleiding hiervan, is In projek in 1999 van stapel gestuur
om die effek van canola (Brassica napus), lupiene (Lupinus angustifolius)
en medies (Medicago spp.) op daaropvolgende koring (Triticum aestivum)
produksie, asook die invloed daarvan op grondvrugbaarheid in terme van
stikstofinhoud, te ondersoek. Die langtermyn wisselbouproef op
Langgewens proefplaas naby Malmesbury, het as infrastruktuur vir die
ondersoek gedien.
Gedurende die 1999 en 2000 koring groeiseisoene is 50m2 plotte in
koringkampe gekies waarop koring, canola, lupiene en medies
geproduseer is in onderskeidelik 1998 en 1999. Hierdie plotte is skoon
gehou van plantegroei en het ook geen stikstof in kunsmisvorm gekry nie.
Met drie tot vier week intervalle is grondmonsters op hierdie plotte
versamel in die bogrond (0-15cm diep) en ondergrond (15-30cm diep),
waarna die beskikbare nitraat-N en ammonium-N konsentrasie bepaal is.
Adissionele grondmonsters van die bogrond is ook geneem op 9/03/2000
na In somer braak periode. Hierdie monsters was geneem op persele wat
blootgestel was aan In koringproduksie in 1999, maar voorafgegaan is
deur koring, canola, lupiene en medies in 1998. Hierdie monsters is dan
vir 60 dae geïnkubeer teen 15°C en 75% van die grond se water
houvermoeë. Minerale N inhoud bepalings is gedoen na 0, 3, 7, 15, 30,
45 en 60 dae van inkubasie. Groot variasie in die minerale stikstof
inhoud, het die verkryging van herkenbare tendense en konstante
statistiese verskille belemmer. Die resultate wat verkry is dui egter dat
die insluiting van lupiene en medies in koring produksie stelsels in die Swartland, hoër minerale N vlakke in die grond handhaaf en dit kan boere
gevolglik in staat stelom kunsmis insette te besnoei sonder dat
grondvrugbaarheid verswak.
Op 23/06/99 (groeistadium 5), 5/08/99 (groeistadium 15) en 14/09/99
(groeistadium 23) is plantmonsters versamel van koringpersele. Hierdie
persele is gekies om die behandelings van die grondmonsterontledings
soos hierbo beskryf, te verteenwoordig. Plante en halms van 'n 0.25m2
area uit die persele is getel en die blaaroppervlaktes is bepaal, waarna
die droëmateriaal massa van die area bepaal is. Die persentasie
stikstofinhoud van die blare en stingels was daarna bepaal. In terme van
vegetatiewe groei was daar nie groot verskille te bespeur nie.
Betekenisvolle hoër stikstof inhoud van koringblare in plotte waar daar in
die vorige jaar canola en koring verbou was, is in die tweede planttrekking
(groeistadium 15) gevind en dit is toegeskryf aan die hoër stikstof
kopbemesting wat daardie behandelings ontvang het. Teen die derde
monsterneming op 14/09l99 (groeistadium 23), was hierdie verskille nie
meer in die ontledingsdata te sien nie. Die afleiding wat van hierdie
studie gemaak is, is dat boere moontlik stikstofbemesting kan verminder
as hulle lupiene en medies in hulle koring produksiestelsels inbring,
sonder om die risiko van swakker groei te verhoog.
Op 20/10/99 (groeistadium 28) is 0.25m2 plante van elke koringperseel
verwyder waarna die are en die korrels getel is. Die koring wat nog op
die persele was is teen die einde van Oktober 1999 met 'n
perseelstropertjie geoes. Opbrengs, hektoliter massa, duidendkorrel
massa en % ru-proteïene is daarna bepaal. Volgende is die % meel en %
semel ekstraksie bepaal waarna die % meelproteïene bepaal is. Mikro
broodjies is ook gebak om die broodvolume te bepaal. Meel en deeg
eienskappe is ook getoets met die Falling Number System, mixogram en
alveogram. Koring in produksiestelsels met peulplant fases (lupien en
medies in hierdie geval), het minder N toediening nodig gehad om
statisties dieselfde opbrengs, meel- en deeg eienskappe te verkry. Lupien en medic gebaseerde wisselbou praktyke in die Swartland kan
gevolglik as meer ekologies volhoubaar en ekonomies haalbaar
bestempelword.
Hierdie studie het gepoog om die invloed van wisselbou op
grondvrugbaarheid te ondersoek. Sodanige veranderings neem egter tyd
en daarom is dit waarskynlik nog te gou om werklike grondvrugbaarheids
verskille waar te neem.
|
5 |
The use of unlicensed and off label drugs in Tygerberg Hospital neonatal intensive care unitThomas, Angeline 04 1900 (has links)
Thesis (MMed)--Stellenbosch University, 2014. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: OBJECTIVE
The aim of this study is to establish the frequency of unlicensed and off label drug use in
infants admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) in Tygerberg Hospital.
METHOD
This was a prospective descriptive survey conducted over 3 consecutive months (September
2011-November 2011) of all medicine charts of neonates admitted during this time period to
the NICU. Data collected included demography, diagnoses, medicines prescribed according
to dose, frequency, route of administration and indication. Medicine use was defined as
unlicensed, licensed or off label use according to the latest South African Medicines
Formulary (2012) and the manufacturer’s package insert. Unlicensed drug use is per
definition a drug not registered with South African Medicine Control Council (SA MCC) for
children and off label drug use is where the use is outside of its authorized license with SA
MCC.
RESULTS
There were 112 neonates enrolled in the study, of whom 51% were preterm and 49% term
infants. The most common diagnoses on admission for the preterm babies were hyaline
membrane disease (33%) and sepsis (21%), while it was hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy
(42%) and post-operative care (22%) for term infants. There were 759 drug events of which
37% were licensed and followed all the licensing terms, 51% were prescribed in an off label
manner and the remaining 12% were of unlicensed drugs. The most common reasons off
label drug use were for weight (74%), followed by age (44%), frequency (44%), indication
(21%), or a route not described in the licensing terms (13%). There was a lack of pediatric
data for 9% of the drugs prescribed. In 203 drug events (27%) a drug was used in an off label
manner for more than one reason. Sixty one percent of the drugs used had no information on
the use of the drug in neonates. CONCLUSION
This is the first study conducted in an African NICU, according to our knowledge and the
results are similar to studies conducted in Europe and America. Neonates are exposed to a significant proportion of unlicensed and off label drugs. Neonatal clinical trials should be
conducted to address the need for proven safe and efficacious treatment for neonates.
|
6 |
Tectonostratigraphic evolution of the Swartland region and aspects of orogenic lode-gold mineralisation in the Pan-African Saldania Belt, Western Cape, South AfricaBelcher, Richard William 12 1900 (has links)
Thesis (PhD)--Stellenbosch University, 2003. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The Swartland region in the western Cape, South Africa, covers approximately 5000
km2 and forms part of the Pan-African Saldania Belt that represents the
southernmost extremity of the Pan-African orogenic belts in southern Africa. Regional
mapping of the Swartland area shows that lithologies can be classified using
predominantly structural and to a lesser extent lithological criteria. This led to the
proposal of a new classification, were rocks of the previous classification of the
Malmesbury Group are divided into two new groups, namely the Swartland and
Malmesbury groups.
The Swartland group can be divided into the Berg River and Moorreesburg
formations, a series of quartz-chlorite-muscovite-feldspar schists, quartz schists,
graphitic schists and limestones; and the Bridgetown formation, a series of
metavolcanic rocks with WPB-MORB affinities that possibly represent seafloor.
Deposition of the sediments is suggested to have occurred concurrently with
deformation in an accretionary prism/fore-arc and was initiated with the opening of
the lapetus Ocean at ca. 600 Ma. This early deformation event, Dt (ca. 575 Ma), only
affected the Swartland group and exhibits pervasive bedding transposition, thrusting
and imbrication of units creating a tectonostratigraphic sequence. Where identified,
kinematic indicators and fold vergence indicate a top-to-the-west transport direction
during the early, low-angle Di deformation.
The Malmesbury group overlies the Swartland group, being locally separated by an
unconformity. The Malmesbury group is a succession of conglomerates, grits and
shales (Piketberg Formation), grading into greywackes, shales, siltstones,
sandstones and minor limestones of the Tygerberg and Porterville formations.
Sedimentation probably commenced after ca. 575 Ma and lasted until shortly after
560 Ma. Both the Swartland and Malmesbury groups were then deformed by the deformation event, D2 (ca. 552-545 Ma), and were intruded by the 552 to 510 Ma
Cape Granite Suite. The Franschhoek Formation, formally part of the Malmesbury
Group is now classified, along with the inferred ca. 535-510 Ma Magrug and
Populierbos Formations of the previous Klipheuwel Group. The redefined Klipheuwel
group documents a change in depositional environment from the continental
slope/ocean trench, marine and flyschoid deposits of the Malmesbury group to
continental, fluvial half-graben and graben deposits. Exhumation, extensive erosion
and the formation of a peneplain, was followed by the deposition of the Table
Mountain Sandstone Group around 550-510 Ma.
The Spitskop gold prospect, located 10 km south of Piketberg, represents the first
identified occurrence of mesothermal gold mineralisation in the Saldania Belt.
Metamorphic devolatilisation of the Swartland group during Di led to the scavenging
and transportation of gold along shallow-dipping shear zones that are contained
within the early, sub-horizontal So/Si tectonic fabric. Pervasive fluid movement in the
Spitskop area led to elevated gold values compared to background values
throughout the lithologies at Spitskop. The lack of any economic-grade gold
mineralisation is probably related to the absence of suitably orientated structures,
such as high-angle faults, that are commonly believed to represent the prerequisite
for large fluid throughputs that could result in economic-grade gold deposits. The
mineralisation at Spitskop, however, provides a genetic model for further exploration
of gold in the Swartland group. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die Swartland streek in die Wes-Kaap, Suid-Afrika, beslaan ongeveer 5000 km2 en
vorm deel van die Pan-Afrikaanse Saldania-gordel wat die mees suidelike deel van
die Pan-Afrikaanse orogene gordels in suidelike Afrika verteenwoordig. Regionale
kartering van die Swartland streek dui aan dat die gesteentes geklassifiseer kan word
deur oorwegend strukturele, en tot 'n mindere mate litologiese kriteria te gebruik.
Gevolglik word ‘n nuwe klassifikasie voorgestel, waar gesteentes volgens die vorige
klassifikasie van die Malmesbury groep verdeel word in twee groepe, naamlik die
Swartland en Malmesbury groepe.
Die Swartland groep kan verdeel word in die Bergrivier en Moorreesburg formasies,
‘n reeks kwarts-chloriet-muskoviet-veldspaat skis, kwarts skis, grafitiese skis en
kalksteen; en die Bridgetown formasie, ‘n reeks metavulkaniese gesteentes met
WPB-MORB affiniteite wat moontlik oseaanvloer verteenwoordig. Daar word
voorgestel dat afsetting van die sedimente gelyktydig plaasgevind het saam met
vervorming in ‘n akkresionere prisma/voorboog, geinisieer deur die opening van die
lapetus Oseaan (ca. 600 Ma). Hierdie vroee vervorming, Di (ca. 575 Ma), het slegs
die Swartland groep geaffekteer en vertoon deurdringende verplasing van
gelaagdheid, oorskuiwing en imbrikasie van eenhede en het ‘n tektonostratigrafiese
opeenvolging gevorm. Waar identifiseer, dui kinematiese aanwysers en plooi
kanteling op ‘n bokant-na-wes beweging gedurende die vroee, lae hoek Di
vervorming.
Die Malmesbury groep oordek die Swartland groep, plaaslik geskei deur ‘n
diskordansie. The Malmesbury groep bestaan uit ‘n opeenvolging konglomeraat,
grintsteen en skalie (Piketberg formasie), wat gradeer in grouwak, skalie, sliksteen,
sandsteen en ondergeskikte kalksteen van die Tygerberg en Porterville formasies.
Sedimentasie het waarskynlik begin na ca. 575 Ma en het voortgeduur tot kort na 560 Ma. Beide die Swartland en Malmesbury groepe is hierna vervorm deur D2, (ca.
552-545 Ma) en daaropvolgend ingedring deur die 552 tot 510 Ma Kaap Graniet
Suite. Die Franschhoek Formasie, voorheen deel van die Malmesbury Groep, word
nou geklassifiseer tesame met die afgeleide ca. 535-510 Ma Magrug en Populierbos
formasies as deel van die voorheen geklassifiseerde Klipheuwel groep. Die
hergedefinieerde Klipheuwel groep dui op 'n verandering in afsettingsomgewing
vanaf die kontinentale glooiing/oseaantrog, mariene en flyschoiede afsettings van die
Malmesbury groep na kontinentale, fluviale half-graben en graben afsettings.
Herblootstelling, omvattende erosie en die vorming van ‘n skiervlakte is gevolg deur
die afsetting van die Tafelberg Sandsteen Groep random 520-510 Ma.
Die Spitskop goudvoorkoms, 10 km suid van Piketberg, verteenwoordig die eerste
identifiseerde voorkoms van mesotermale goudmineralisasie in die Saldania Gordel.
Metamorfe ontvlugtiging van die Swartland groep gedurende Dt het aanleiding gegee
tot die roofuitruiling en vervoer van goud langs laaghellende skuifskeursones in die
vroee, subhorisontale S0/Si tektoniese maaksel. Deurdringende vloeistofbeweging in
die Spitskop omgewing het aanleiding gegee tot verhoogde goudwaardes in
vergelyking met agtergrond waardes dwarsdeur die litologiee by Spitskop. Die gebrek
aan ekonomiese graad goud mineralisasie is waarskynlik verwant aan die
afwesigheid van geskikte georienteerde strukture, soos hoe hoek verskuiwings, wat
oor die algemeen beskou word as ‘n voorvereiste vir die toevoer van groot
hoeveelhede vloeistof wat kon aanleiding gegee het tot ekonomiese graad
goudafsettings. Die mineralisasie by Spitskop verskaf egter 'n model vir verdere goud
eksplorasie in die Swartland groep.
|
7 |
Edentulousness and complete denture care in the Western Cape Province with specific reference to the need for and feasibility of establishing denturists as a new occupational category in the oral health care work forceHartshorne, Johannes Enoch January 1998 (has links)
Thesis (PhD)--Stellenbosch University, 1998. / Some digitised pages may appear illegible due to the condition of the original microfiche copy / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: see item for full text. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: sien item vir volteks.
|
8 |
The motivation for, and establishment of education management and development centres (EMDCs) in the Western Cape, South Africa.Beukes, Cecil Joseph January 2004 (has links)
The aim of this thesis is to investigate the motivation for the proposed Education Management Development Centres (EMDCs). It also addresses what improvements to the current system EMDCs are supposed to make and how EMDCs hope to enhance collaboration between the Western Cape Education Department and local schools. It also look at the role of the proposed EMDCs and specifically focus on how they hope to promote better inter-sectoral support between the Western Cape Education Department and local schools.
|
9 |
Workplace violence: an exploratory study into nurses interpretations and responses to violence and abuse in trauma and emergency departments.Kennedy, Maureen Angeline January 2004 (has links)
Violence in society has reached epidemic level and has permeated the walls of the workplace. Workplace violence has also spread across all occupations, especially those dealing with the public, and has escalated over the years. In this thesis the researcher explored the experiences, perceptions and coping mechanisms used by nurses exposed to violence in the health setting. The main focus was to determine how the nurses interpret abuse, and does this interpretation determine their response to the abuse.
|
10 |
An assessment of the adherence to guidelines for the management of asthma exacerbations in selected primary healthcare facilities in the Western CapeBrickles, Vernon January 2005 (has links)
Asthma is described as a chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways. Recurrent episodes of acute attacks or exacerbation may occur in susceptible individuals. Asthma could be a controllable disorder and most people with asthma should be able to lead a n
|
Page generated in 0.112 seconds