In this article I will try to answer two basic questions concerning a selection of representative South African monuments erected by different groups adhering to various ideologies. Firstly, what truths and values did patrons and designers intend to express in the Rhodes Memorial (Cape Town), the Afrikaans Language Monument (Paarl), the Women's Monument (Bloemfontein), the Voortrekker Monument (Pretoria), the Samora Machel Monument (Mbuzini), the Heroes' Monument (Durban) and Freedom Park (Pretoria)? Secondly, how did their meaning change over time on various issues such as gender, language, ethics, site, historiographry, the dialectics between different monuments, the problematics of heroism, as well as ethnic difference, especially when viewed from a postcolonial vantage point? However, the notions of "truth" and "values" in the ideological context of monuments are ambiguous, as can be ascertained from a brief survey of the methodologies applied and conclusions drawn by researchers representing those disciplines that most often deal with the subject matter of monuments. These are: art history, architectural history, cultural history, history, postcolonial studies, and occasionally also practitioners of other disciplines such as philosophy and anthropology.

Abstract The study explores the perceptions of learners and educators at the Strelitzia Secondary School in Isipingo, Durban, regarding safety at the school. Members of the Isipingo Community Policing Forum, as well as South African Police Service were involved in the study as external participants. Through known types of research approaches (quantitative and qualitative), more than 400 questionnaires were completed by Strelitzia Secondary School learners while 20 interview schedules were conducted with Strelitzia Secondary School educators, as well as members of the Isipingo Community PolicingForum and the South African Police Service (Durban South Area). The questionnaires were analysed through nonparametric statistical tests such as Chi-square, while the interview schedules made use of content analyses and theme identification. The study revealed that most Strelitzia Secondary School learners and educators as well as Isipingo CPF members and SAPS members who participated in the study, were of the opinion that Strelitzia Secondary School is a safe environment even though a culture of violence exists in which learners bring drugs, alcohol and firearms to school, and corporal punishment is still practised.

Abstract Deregulation of the South African fruit export industry in 1997 caused fragmentation in the supply chain. This led to significant inefficiencies and difficulty in responding to increasingly stringent legal and traderelated traceability requirements. Currently, the South African fruit export industry does not provide a sufficient level of traceability at supply chain level. The consumer packaged goods industry has developed e-commerce building blocks based on global standards. These building blocks offer automated traceability of fruit exports, as well as significant benefits impacting the bottom line, to companies of all sizes. The e-commerce building blocks also provide solutions to the two main challenges faced by the fresh produce supply chains, namely traceability requirements and the need for additional efficiencies. The e-commerce building blocks are available to the South African fruit export industry to enable traceability, as well as to provide significant efficiency benefits. It has been found that early adoption of the e-commerce building blocks will result in a strategic advantage over the southern hemisphere competitors and that automated traceability is feasible for the South African fruit export industry. This article describes the cohesiveness, willingness to participate and supportive thinking of representatives from the important fruit export industry in South Africa, which are necessary to create the critical mass for the implementation of such an automated traceability system.

No description available.

Empirical data indicates that work satisfaction has an effect on work attendance, decisions regarding retirement, general behavioural syndromes indicating a positive organizational orientation, attempts to influence work situations by means of trade union activities as well as psychological withdrawal. In the past work satisfaction has been coupled with individual, group and organizational factors. Increasing attention is currently paid to the hypothesis that factors within the individual (dispositional factors) rather than merely the characteristics of the position, affect individuals' work satisfaction. If locus of control does indeed show a relationship with work satisfaction, it could be of significant value for any organization, especially with regard to the selection and development of personnel. Die objectives of this research are to determine whether there is a connection between locus of control and work satisfaction. The literature study focussed on conteptualizing work satisfaction and the relationship thereof with locus of control. A survey design (correlation design) was used to test the hypotheses of the research. Each individual in the subject group was tested on two variables simultaneously and the connection between the measurements that were obtained, was established. The survey group consisted of 101 senior police personnel of the South African Police Service (SAPD) in the Marico area. An availability sample was used. Two questionnaires were used in this research, namely the Locus of Control Questionnaire (LCQ) and the Minnesota Job Satisfaction Index (Weiss et al., 1976). Statistical analyses were done by means of the SAS programme. Descriptive statistics, t-tests, product moment correlations, multiple correlations and canonical correlations were used to analyze information. With regard to the level of satisfaction of senior police personnel, they indicated dissatisfaction with regard to the remuneration that they receive, as well as physical working conditions, opportunities for promotion, acknowledgement, social status, supervision-human, as well as supervision-technical. More work satisfaction is experienced with regard to performance, authority, independence and responsibility. The results of the empirical survey indicate that there is a moderately negative relationship between the external locus of control and work satisfaction of senior police personnel. The canonical correlations indicate that there is a practically significant connection (large effect) between locus of control and work satisfaction. In conclusion recommendations for future research are made. / Thesis (M.A.)--Potchefstroom University for Christian Higher Education, 1999.

Thesis (M.Com.)--Potchefstroom University for Christian Higher Education, 2000.

Suicide is a reality in South Africa that can be confirmed by the increasing statistics annually. The South African Police Service (SAPS) also shows increasing numbers of suicide. However, these numbers only focus on successful suicides and little is known about the suicidal ideation of members within the service. It now seems that only the tip of the iceberg is causing panic. although the problem might be much bigger than originally thought. In this research the emphasis will be on possible correlations between coping sense of coherence and job satisfaction on the one hand and suicidal ideation on the other hand within the SAPS in the North West Province. If correlations between coping: sense of coherence, job satisfaction and suicidal ideation can be found, it can be of great significance for the SAPS, especially in terms of recruitments, selection, development and management of human recourses. The objective of this research is to determine if there is a relationship between coping sense of coherence, job satisfaction and suicidal ideation among police personnel. The focus of the literature was on the conceptualising of suicidal ideation and if suicidal ideation can be linked to construct such as coping, sense of coherence and job satisfaction. The research is quantitative in nature and entails a survey design. The population consisted of 120 police personnel in the North West Province, of which all were ranked between constable to inspector. Four measuring instruments were used, namely the Adult Suicidal Ideation Questionnaire, the Minnesota Satisfaction Questionnaire, the Sense of Coherence Questionnaire and the ways of Coping Questionnaire. The SAS-program was used for statistical analysis purposes. Descriptive statistics, t-test, product moment correlations and multiple regression analysis were used to analyse the results. Police personnel indicated dissatisfaction with regard to the remuneration that they receive, as well as physical working conditions, supervision-human and company policy. They use coping styles such as seeking social support, planful problem-solving as well as positive reappraisal. Black police members showed to be more suicidal than white members. The empirical study showed that dissatisfaction with specific aspects of their work and sense of coherence could predict suicidal ideation. Recommendations for future research are made in the conclusion. / Thesis (M.A.)--Potchefstroom University for Christian Higher Education, 2000.

Empirical data indicates that work satisfaction has an effect on work attendance, decisions regarding retirement, general behavioural syndromes indicating a positive organizational orientation, attempts to influence work situations by means of trade union activities as well as psychological withdrawal. In the past work satisfaction has been coupled with individual, group and organizational factors. Increasing attention is currently paid to the hypothesis that factors within the individual (dispositional factors) rather than merely the characteristics of the position, affect individuals' work satisfaction. If locus of control does indeed show a relationship with work satisfaction, it could be of significant value for any organization, especially with regard to the selection and development of personnel. Die objectives of this research are to determine whether there is a connection between locus of control and work satisfaction. The literature study focussed on conteptualizing work satisfaction and the relationship thereof with locus of control. A survey design (correlation design) was used to test the hypotheses of the research. Each individual in the subject group was tested on two variables simultaneously and the connection between the measurements that were obtained, was established. The survey group consisted of 101 senior police personnel of the South African Police Service (SAPD) in the Marico area. An availability sample was used. Two questionnaires were used in this research, namely the Locus of Control Questionnaire (LCQ) and the Minnesota Job Satisfaction Index (Weiss et al., 1976). Statistical analyses were done by means of the SAS programme. Descriptive statistics, t-tests, product moment correlations, multiple correlations and canonical correlations were used to analyze information. With regard to the level of satisfaction of senior police personnel, they indicated dissatisfaction with regard to the remuneration that they receive, as well as physical working conditions, opportunities for promotion, acknowledgement, social status, supervision-human, as well as supervision-technical. More work satisfaction is experienced with regard to performance, authority, independence and responsibility. The results of the empirical survey indicate that there is a moderately negative relationship between the external locus of control and work satisfaction of senior police personnel. The canonical correlations indicate that there is a practically significant connection (large effect) between locus of control and work satisfaction. In conclusion recommendations for future research are made. / Thesis (M.A.)--Potchefstroom University for Christian Higher Education, 1999.

This thesis examines the formative fiction of J. M. Coetzee and his first book of essays, White Writing: On the Culture of Letters in South Africa (1988). His latest novel Disgrace (1999), has already made literary history, winning Coetzee his second Booker Prize. It certainly invites new readings and links with his earlier work, which I discuss in my Introduction. I have tried to range across Coetzee’s work while heeding the structure that has emerged out of my research: long (sequential) chapters, divided into three or more sections, which discuss issues around the writing and reading of four novels - including the processes of production, publishing and reception in local South African and international terms; questions of intertextuality, authorship and colonial representations of the South African landscape - before finally closing with a reading of each novel. My scope thus more widely looks at textual proliferations, comparative ‘colonial encounters’, the imaging of the land, and what Coetzee has called the ‘Discourse of the Cape’. While the chapters on ‘The Narrative of Jacobus Coetzee’ in Dusklands (1974), In the Heart of the Country (1977) and Foe (1986) focus on colonial discourse and colonial space (on explorer narratives and travel writing, on gender and the genre of colonial pastoral), the chapter on Coetzee's 1983 Booker Prize-winner Life & Times of Michael K, like Disgrace, encompasses a more contemporary Cape landscape. Here I discuss Coetzee’s notion of the ‘provincial’ in the context of debates on the ‘national’ and ‘postcolonial’ novel in South Africa. The final chapter on Foe equally offers a balance to the South African emphasis of my thesis by looking back more broadly to British imperialism and a canon of colonial texts - from castaway and captivity narratives to the journals of Columbus, Shakespeare’s The Tempest, and the novels of Defoe.

The South African ("SA") mining industry played (and continues to play) a pivotal role in the development of the SA economy. It is therefore no surprise that the industry has long been the beneficiary of favourable tax concessions. One of these favourable tax concessions is the 100% capital expenditure allowance. Access to this allowance is dependent on the interpretation of the definition of "mining operations" in section 1(1) of the Income Tax Act, No. 58 of 1962 ("the ITA"). Currently, there is legal uncertainty in SA regarding the meaning of "mining operations". This is so because central to the term "mining operations" is the term "mineral", which is not defined in the ITA, nor does it have an ordinary fixed meaning. SA courts have further not authoritatively dealt with the meaning of "mining operations" despite being presented with the opportunity to do so in recent case law. This legal uncertainty is further fuelled by a recent draft interpretation note issued by the South African Revenue Service ("SARS"), expressing the view that quarrying operations for inter alia clay for brickmaking and limestone for the manufacture of cement, do not constitute "mining operations". Practically, this legal uncertainty may act as a deterrent to mining companies incurring capital expenditure, essentially curbing the development of the SA mining industry. This study seeks to analyse the different meanings attributed by SARS, SA academic writers and SA courts to the definition of "mining operations" (and the related meaning of "mineral") for income tax purposes. The purpose of this analysis is to determine whether the extraction of clay for brickmaking and limestone for the manufacture of cement constitutes "mining operations". Against this background, Australian legislation and case law on the interpretation of the term "mining operations" and "mineral" will be studied in order to draw a comparison between SA and Australia's treatment of "mining operations". This study further interprets the meaning of "mining operations" through the application of the Savignian interpetation model in terms of which it is concluded that useful guidance can be sought by SA from Australian jurisprudence when interpreting the meaning of the term "mining operations" for income tax purposes and that the purposive test applied in Australia should be adopted by SA courts. Based on the application of this guidance, the key finding of this dissertation is that the extraction of clay for brickmaking and limestone for the manufacture of cement should in principle qualify as "mining operations" and that the capital expenditure incurred in this regard should be eligible for the 100% capital expenditure allowance.