Persistent organic pollutants (POPs), including polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and polybrominated diphenylethers (PBDEs), are widely distributed in the environment. Several studies have demonstrated that these pollutants will cause potential impacts such as carcinogenic and mutagenic for human health. In this study, four different types of sampling stations were chosen. Two of the sampling sites are located in Kaohsiung city, which is an industrialized city with densely population in southern Taiwan (KHU and KHC). The other sampling sites are in a rural coastal area (KT) and an offshore island (LY), respectively. We determined the concentrations of PCBs and PBDEs in the atmosphere to identify the spatial and temporal distributions of PCBs and PBDEs in southern Taiwan. Hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) and principal components analysis (PCA) of congener-specific composition of PCBs and PBDEs were performed with the commercial products to investigate the relationship of regional signatures and possible pollution sources. Finally, back trajectory analysis was undertaken to gain a better understanding of long-distance transport contribution to the studied area. The concentrations of £UPCBs in the ambient air ranged from 9.51 to 482 pg m-3, with an average concentration of 162¡Ó155 pg m-3. The mean PCB concentrations in gas and particle phase were 159¡Ó153 pg m-3 and 3.04¡Ó2.38 pg m-3, respectively. The concentrations of £UPBDEs in the ambient air ranged from 3.42 to 166 pg m-3, with an average concentration of 31.7¡Ó37.3 pg m-3. The average PBDE concentrations in gas and particle phase were 7.22¡Ó6.50 pg m-3 and 23.7¡Ó33.4 pg m-3, respectively. Comparison of the total PCB and PBDE concentrations from the four sampling sites showed that the total PCB and PBDE concentrations at the Kaohsiung urban site (KHU) and Kaohsiung coastal site (KHC) were higher than those at a rural coastal site (Kenting, KT) and an offshore island site (Lanyu, LY), suggesting that densely population and heavy industrial park may be the major contributor of PCBs and PBDEs . Results from HCA, PCA and compositional patterns of PCBs indicate that offshore island site (Lanyu, LY) was different from KHU, KHC and KT. Lower chlorinated congeners (dichlorobiphenyls to hexachlorobiphenyls) were predominant in the gas phase. Since most of the lower molecular weight congeners were below the detection limit, the total PCB concentrations were found at much lower level in LY sampling sites. In addition, a significantly higher proportion of high-chlorinated congeners, was observed at LY, suggesting that there may be local pollution sources in this area. Results from HCA, PCA and compositional patterns of PBDEs indicate that the samples from February and October were dominated by BDE-209, while the samples from July were dominated by BDE-71, BDE-47 and BDE-99, suggesting that this might be due to the significantly low concentrations of suspended particles (PM10) in July. Since much higher temperature was observed in July, these lower brominated congeners may be released much easier from the sediment, water, and brominated-containing products due to smaller molecular size and higher vapor pressure. Moreover, debromination of the deca-BDEs had been observed in the environment. Several studies have shown that photolytic debromination of BDE-209 is possible pathway for the formation of lower brominated-BDEs. TEQ was used to determine the level of pollution for environment and human health. In this study area, the TEQ ranged from 0.145 to 0.878 pg-TEQ m-3, with an average TEQ of 0.0004¡Ó0.0003 pg-TEQ m-3 in gas-phase of ambient air. PCB114 was observed to be the predominant congener in this study.

The microsomal ethanol oxidizing system (MEOS) is involved in metabolism of alcohol in the liver, the major component of MEOS is cytochrome P4502E1 (CYP2E1). CYP2E1 gene polymorphisms that alter its functions may be associated with alcohol susceptibility in individual. A RsaI/PstI restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) has been reported in the 5¡¦-flanking region of CYP2E1 gene. The rare mutant allele (c2 allele) that lacks the Rsa I restriction site, but can cut with Pst I has been found to be associated with higher transcriptional activity, mRNA expression, protein levels and enzyme activity than the commom wild type-c1 allele. CYP2E1-dependent oxidative stress on the pathogenesis of alcohol-induced liver injury. The recent epidemiological studies have point out that there are a high prevalence of alcohol consumption in aborigines of Southern taiwan. Dr.Bosron presented an drinks wine the behavior receives the environment and the genetic factor influence, this kind of difference also receives the racial influence to be really big. This study focus on the aborigines with high alcohol drinks rate to examine the possible effect on drinks habit and gene polymorphism of CYP2E1 RsaI/PstI to blood biochemicial index. The experimental result found that male aborigines drinker in blood pressure, triglyceride, HDL cholesterol, uric acid and AST value more than male aborigines non-drinker. However the values are in T.cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, creatinine less than non-drinker. The female aborigines drinker in blood pressure, HDL cholesterol, uric acid, creatinine and AST value more than female aborigines non-drinker. However the values are in T.cholesterol and LDL cholesterol less than non-drinker. Nevertheless, male aborigines drinker and female aborigines non-drinker did not achieved diversity of statistical in function of CYP2E1 gene polymorphism to biochemical index. Male aborigines non-drinkers have c1/c2+c2/c2 in CYP2E1 gene polymorphism compare to c1/c1 also have higher WHR (0.93¡Ó0.05 vs. 0.90¡Ó0.06, p = 0.035) and ALT (30.0¡Ó22.0 IU/L vs. 21.5¡Ó11.0 IU/L , p = 0.012). To summary, male aborigines who have c2 allele in CYP2E1 gene polymorphism may relate to obese and Liver dysfuction.

The digital content industry has the indicator meaning of developing knowledge economy and digital economy, and is the important driving force to sustain the next wave of upgrading and transforming industry in Taiwan. The digital content industry is the high added value industry for knowledge type, which owns huge business opportunity and development¡¦s potentiality. So, Taiwan government puts relevant resources into it actively in order to assist the development of the digital content industry, and expect it could drive the development of it by means of balancing the development of Taiwan islands. This research builds up the frame work of digital content industry in reference to ecological model proposed by scholars on basis of ecological theory. It transforms the traditional analysis of industry into the one with view point of ecological development to observe the development of digital content industry. Among the ecology of the digital content industry, includes the environment of industry¡¦s development¡Bcurrent operation situation of companies and industry¡¦s ecology constituted by the relation among companies. Take digital content industry in southern Taiwan for example to investigate the current development of it. This research had interview with experts first before proceeding questionnaire. Through the relevant materials collected by interviewing experts and in accordance with the investigation of quantification from said questionnaire, find out as to the ecology of digital content industry, what company most satisfy is the company¡¦s operation. The following is the relation among companies. But the most unsatisfactory part to them is the environment of industry¡¦s development. This research constructs the ecological model of digital content industry and analyzes the ecology of it. Hopefully it could be the reference of following study of digital content industry and in the meantime provides industry the suggestion of orientation and strategy.

Benthic community structure was studied by sample quadrates on transects at depths of 5 to 10 m in four sites, including Wanlitong, Leidashih, Siangjiao Bay, and Longkun, in coral reefs of southern Taiwan from 2003 to 2005. Totally 154 species in 45 genera of hard coral and 45 species in 10 genera of soft coral, representing 67% of known coral species were recorded. Covers of benthic organisms and hard coral growth forms were similar among years, but were significantly different among sites. Mean cover of all corals was high in Siangjiao Bay (56.88%) and Leidashih (65.69%), but hard coral (65.43%) was dominanted in Siangjiao Bay while soft coral (39.00%) was dominanted in Leidashih. Mean cover of all coral and benthic algae was similar in Wanlitong and Longkun. For hard coral growth forms, massive and encrusting corals were dominanted in three of four sites. This may be resulted from the strong wave. Cover of bare substrate was high (21.39%) in Longkun which was the most exposed to wind and wave stress. Foliaceous coral was abundant with the dominated species, Montipora aequituberculata (20.59%) in Siangjiao Bay which was a more protected site. However, foliaceous coral was more susceptibe to typhoon. Coral diversity was higher in Leidashih. This was related to both hard and soft corals were common and no dominant species. Comparing to previous studies, the long term change of coral abundance shows stable and/or increasing trends. It may be related to the dominance of massive and encrusting coral communities in southern Taiwan.

Just like Eurotunnel link England & France, by the time Taiwan high speed rail arrive at Kaohsiung and Taipei , the passengers and people at platform welcoming the train, both feel exciting of this tremendous improvement of Taiwan. Taiwan have two highways and a railway for connecting Kaohsiung and Taipei despite many roads that have constructed long before. Even there also has plane to catch if you need time. Therefore, Taiwan high speed rail is a high-tech spine for new era of Taiwan. The distance between Taipei and Kaohsiung is merely 300 kilometer . Unfortunately Southern Taiwan and Kaohsiung didn¡¦t get sources from government fairly the old days. Now through this high ¡Vtech spine Kaohsiung and southern Taiwan can step forward proudly embracing future. Southern Taiwan had Kaohsiung Export Processing Zone and many industrial zones by local government , are not enough for use. Recently Southern Taiwan Science Park and Kaohsiung Software Park and Pingtung Agricultural Biotechnology Park all are built to meet future need. Enterprise can run business in these parks at lower cost than Northern Taiwan. Also , there are many solutions offer by government to help company and enterprise to improve and move in southern Taiwan. This study interview southern Taiwan companies and enterprises. From their point of view to see Taiwan high Speed Rail this modern technologic transportation create new opportunities for southern Taiwan. And bring lesson and suggestion for the future.

The Municipal cultural center plays the major role for culture promotion in every city/county in Taiwan. It has great influence on performing arts industry in the past 20 years. Facing the environment change, a municipal cultural center should know how to adjust its functions to meet the needs of the theater in the future. The researcher studied the cultural centers in the seven cities/counties of southern Taiwan before of the merger of 2011, analyzed the development of performing arts, arts activities, audience participation, and the utilization of these cultural centers. The staffs of seven cultural centers, fourteen performing arts groups, and four experts¡¦ opinions are asked in order to know the strength and weakness of cultural center. To accomplish these purposes, the researcher applied the case study method of qualitative research in this study. The study also adopted questionnaire survey and interview to collect data. On the part of the cultural centers, it showed that: 1. Cultural centers usually meet the demands of performing arts groups and provide venue. 2. Cultural centers make their own application schedules, twice a year. 3. Most of the cultural centers have middle-sized theaters. 4. The renting cost of the venue depends on each center. 5. The performances of the cultural centers usually come from domestic groups. The programs directly sponsored by the cultural centers are rare. On the part of performing arts groups, most of them are satisfied with the assistance of the cultural centers. However, they still raise some issues which cultural centers should improve, such as the application schedule, the usage time of the venue, the venues staffs¡¦ collaboration, the provision and improvement of the theaters¡¦ equipments, promotion method and higher subsidy. The study concluded that the cultural centers should adjust their policies, redefine their positions, raise the budget, cultivate the professional talent of the workers, develop self-characteristic, cooperate with other centers, improve the quality of programs, give clear channel of the information, enhance the relationships with the communities and develop the audience.

With globalization and knowledge economy, distance between spaces and obstacles to social and economic activities are reduced, however, R&D activities and technology diffusion of high-tech industry still rely on face-to-face communication. Geographical proximity and social networks are still beneficial to share technology and decrease transaction costs, so clustering of high-tech industry is still popular in the world. The research based on the concept of social embeddedness aims to discuss whether cultural atmosphere and social networks influence the fluidity of labor market, and to know how the fluidity of high-tech personnel and technology learning work on the vertically-integrated optoelectronic system in the Southern Taiwan Science-based Industrial Park. The research compares the results of questionnaire and interview with the existing literature to paint a configuration of the fluid labor market and further to discuss the interaction between the labor market activities and high-tech development in the Southern Taiwan Science-based Industrial Park. At last, it comes to the conclusion of the differences and commons in different industrial districts by comparing labor market activities. The result shows that employees think job-change is an acceptable value and phenomenon in the Southern Taiwan Science-based Industrial Park. Thus the cultural atmosphere will render the fluidity of labor market easy. Due to the industrial cluster forming a labor pooling, job-related information is concentrated and job-change costs are decreased. In addition, workers usually seek and get jobs by strong ties of social networks. So network embeddedness influences labor market activities. The more conveniently job information flows, the higher possibility of workers¡¦ job mobility is. Furthermore, most employees are willing to accumulate technological knowledge and realize ideals by changing jobs. However, some contradictions including wasting educational training, exposing competitors to key technology, and nurturing new competitors coexist with the fluidity of labor market. Consequently, firms are mostly opposed to the fluid labor market. Thanks to the innovations transferred by foreign high-tech personnel, the optoelectronic system is able to escape from the obsolete technology lock-in of the system.

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