Orientador: Giuseppina Pace Pereira Lima / Resumo: A família Bignoniaceae é constituída por espécies que estão espalhadas por diversos locais do globo terrestre, porém no Brasil é mais encontrada nas regiões de cerrado, Mata Atlântica e região Amazônica. Dentro dessa grande família, podemos destacar a Spathodea campanulata, uma espécie com característica peculiar, pois apresenta atividade inseticida e medicinal, dependendo do órgão vegetal utilizado. Atualmente indústrias e empresas de diversas áreas, desde alimentícias até agronegócios, vêm investindo em estudos para identificação e extração de compostos vegetais com bioatividade, uma vez que podem ser benéficos a saúde humana e menos agressivos ao meio ambiente quando comparados com os químicos sintéticos. Devido à atual demanda por estudos de espécies vegetais capazes de produzir compostos bioativos e as características da espécie Spathodea campanulata, o estudo teve como objetivo avaliar o potencial inseticida do néctar de Spathodea campanulata sobre os insetos Euschistus heros, Helicoverpa zea e Anticarsia gemmatalis. Também foram analisadas a capacidade antioxidante das flores, folhas e néctar da espécie, por meio de testes antioxidantes (ORAC, DPPH e FRAP) e quantificação de compostos fenólicos e carotenóides por HPLC. Os testes inseticidas demonstraram significativa atividade tóxica do néctar de S.campanulata sobre os insetos Euschistus heros (Fabr.), Helicoverpa zea (Boddie) e Anticarsia gemmatalis (Hübner). Posterior análise do néctar por SDS-PAGE e 2D-P... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: The family Bignoniaceae consists of species that are spread several parts of globe, but in Brazil is most commonly found in areas of Cerrado, Atlantic Forest and Amazon. Within this big family we can highlight the Spathodea campanulata, a species with peculiar characteristic, it has insecticidal and medicinal activity, depending on the plant organ used. Nowadays industries and companies from different fields, they have been investing in studies for the identification and extraction of plant compounds with bioactivity, since they can be beneficial to human health and less harmful to the environment when compared to synthetic chemicals. Due to the present demand for studies of plant species capable of producing bioactive compounds and characteristics of Spathodea campanulata, the study aimed to evaluate the insecticidal potential of specie's nectar on Euschistus heros, Helicoverpa zea e Anticarsia gemmatalis. It also analyzed capacity antioxidant of flowers, leaves and nectar of species by antioxidant tests (ORAC, DPPH e FRAP) and quantification of phenolic compounds and carotenoids by HPLC. The insecticidal tests showed significant toxic activity of nectar on insects Euschistus heros (Fabr.), Helicoverpa zea (Boddie) and Anticarsia gemmatalis (Hübner). Later analysis of the nectar by SDS-PAGE and 2D-PAGE revealed a set of "spots" that can be proteins or even peptides responsible for insecticidal activity. In the oxidant tests, TBARS and Albumin degradation oxidative test, were... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Doutor

The research of this thesis will focus on the performance of farm forestry trees in Mubende district, Uganda. In order to this, the research will help to fill the existing knowledge gap on the performance of farm forestry trees of east Africa specially Uganda. The conducted tree species are Markhamia lutea, Ficus natalensis, Mangifera indica, Artocarpus heterophyllus, Anitaris toxicaria, Persea americana, Albizia coriaria and Spathodea campanulata. The selection of the trees was mainly driven through the availability of age information. The trees were measured in height, age, DBH, length of commercial stem, diameter at specific height and visual observations e.g. occurrence and stem quality. To compare the performance of the conducted tree species a regression analysis with eight different functions was carried out for each tree species. The results are reproducible Stand- Height-Curves, height curves, DBH curves and curves for the single tree volume. The decision on the best curve was made on their biological plausibility and their statistical calculations. Additionally, the farmers of the trees were interviewed about their tree species for e.g. purposes of the tree, value of the wood and their own impressions on the growth of the tree species. The recommendation for the best applicable function is the Petterson function for the Stand-Height- Curve and the function of Richards for the height-, DBH- and single tree volume curve. Still these functions shouldn’t be used without comparison to other functions, especially because the used functions were developed for tree stand conditions and not specially for agroforestry conditions were the tree growth is in general higher. Additionally, an upscaling and prediction of the monetary tree values is made on the basis of the single tree volume curves and the interview results. The prediction of the farmers possible income through the cultivation of trees is made for Markhamia lutea, Ficus natalensis, Anitaris toxicaria and Albizia coriaria and assumes that 100 trees are planted on one hectare. Albizia coriaria 3.630 € achieves the highest possible extra income for the farmer followed by Ficus natalensis with 1.300 €, Anitaris toxicaria with 910€ and Markhamia lutea with 880 €. This thesis gives an example on the performance and possible monetary value of tree species in Mubende district, Uganda. Further investigation is needed to fill the knowledge gap in the performance of east African tree species and their values completely. Keywords: performance, tree growth, utilization, Uganda, East-Africa